First of all, we should cultivate the awareness of autonomous learning and make students willing to learn.
Quality education is student-centered education, and students are the masters of learning. Therefore, in the process of implementing quality education, we should pay attention to cultivating students' autonomous learning consciousness, and urge students to explore and think independently in teaching activities to achieve the best teaching effect.
(1) Establish a good teacher-student relationship.
Teaching practice shows that students love a teacher and the courses he teaches, and he will actively explore the knowledge of this subject. This also promotes the formation of students' autonomous learning consciousness. This is the truth: "Learn from your teacher and believe in his way".
(2) Stimulate learning interest
Tolstoy said: "Successful teaching needs not coercion, but arousing students' interest." "Interest is the best teacher. "Only when students are interested in the content of learning will they have a strong desire for knowledge, automatically mobilize all the senses and actively participate in the whole process of teaching and learning. How can we stimulate interest in learning?
First of all, we should create vivid and interesting teaching scenes.
A major feature of the new curriculum is to emphasize the creation of vivid and interesting teaching situations, so that students can develop independently in specific and interesting situations. Lifeless classroom teaching will not only make students tired of learning and teachers, but also hinder their independent development. Therefore, teachers should be good at creating teaching situations in teaching. According to students' life experience, create a situation that students feel kind to. For example, learn "how much to compare" through "little pigs help rabbits build houses" and learn the cardinal number and ordinal number through "small animals queue up". Let students feel that their daily life is full of mathematical problems, and feel cordial and credible about mathematical knowledge, thus generating interest and motivation in learning mathematics. In addition, we should choose situations that are closely related to children's lives. For example, learn addition and subtraction by the number of people getting on and off the platform. Students are most likely to be interested in what is happening around them. If what happens around you can be solved by what you have learned, it can not only stimulate interest, but also enhance students' self-confidence in learning mathematics.
Second, teachers' language should be lively and humorous.
Humorous language can not only bring the relationship between teachers and students closer, but also arouse students' enthusiasm for learning, concentrate their attention and make students remember what they have learned deeply. For example, when explaining the practice of "chicken and rabbit in the same cage", I asked the boy who did the wrong question: How many legs does a rabbit have? Unexpectedly, the boy replied: three. The whole class burst into laughter. In order to avoid embarrassment and let the children remember the knowledge, I looked at the children with a little blame: "Stop laughing, the dragon is joking with everyone. Dragon means the rabbit is facing down and there is a leg hidden under it. So three legs were exposed. " He turned to the dragon and asked, "How many legs does this rabbit have?" "Four!" "If you say that, everyone will understand." This not only solves the embarrassment, but also brings the relationship between teachers and students closer, so that children can pay attention to this kind of knowledge and have a deep memory.
Third, design reasonable and scientific learning tasks to let children experience the joy of success.
Children are different. Some children have a good foundation and accept new things quickly, while others have a relatively poor foundation and accept them slowly. Therefore, it is very important to teach students in accordance with their aptitude in teaching. For different types of students, teachers can arrange different types of homework step by step. Let every child "eat well, eat well, eat well" and let every student experience the joy of success.
Fourth, stimulate interest in learning with competitive consciousness.
Everyone has a sense of competition subconsciously. Competition is an effective means to stimulate learning motivation and arouse learning enthusiasm. Competition forms can be combined with previous competitions, competitions between individuals and competitions between groups. For example, students who scored higher in the last exam should be praised and rewarded according to the degree of progress; In daily classroom teaching activities, groups or individuals will hold various small competitions. Create a good competitive atmosphere in the class, so that you can catch up with each other, to catch up with or surpass your opponents (especially yourself) as the greatest satisfaction, and to stimulate strong learning motivation.
Secondly, guide the learning methods so that students can learn well.
Learning is a very happy thing for those who have mastered the learning methods. You can not only solve problems with what you have learned, but also experience happiness in the learning process. Why not? It can be seen how important it is for children to master learning methods.
(1) to guide students to pay attention to preview before class and review after class.
Paying attention to preview and strengthening guidance and training are important measures to cultivate students' self-study ability. Because in the preview process, students have independent thinking and will learn what they don't know through various channels. With preview, students can ask questions to teachers and other students according to their own situation, exchange income, and help students answer some questions, thus realizing the happiness of preview. Review is an important part in the learning process. In the review process, students can evaluate their previous studies and their mastery of knowledge. In this process, students are more likely to experience the pleasure of acquiring knowledge.
② Actively cultivate students' questioning ability and ask difficult questions in class.
For students, asking questions is more important than learning knowledge. In class, students' questioning and resolving doubts is an important explicit expression of their active learning ability. Teachers should cultivate students' ability to question and solve doubts, so that students can truly become the masters of learning. Some teachers adopt "spoon-feeding" or "question-and-answer" teaching in order to achieve the purpose of knowledge teaching. Doing so can neither stimulate students' interest, but also ignore students' main role, which restricts their subjective initiative and the improvement of students' quality. Some students are limited by the age of knowledge; Some are timid and dare not question and ask questions; Some people are content with a little knowledge and don't want to question and ask difficult questions, so we should create conditions and strive to create an atmosphere to stimulate students to question and ask difficult questions, and teachers should be good at asking students exploratory questions flexibly.
③ Cultivate students' ability to work hard and actively acquire knowledge.
Piaget, a famous psychologist, said: "Children's thinking begins with action. If we cut off the connection between action and thinking, thinking cannot develop. " "Moving" is a child's nature. In the teaching process, only by doing it yourself can we learn more and master it more firmly. I seize this feature and guide students to operate actively. Such as sorting, counting, drawing, posing, spelling, etc. Visualize and concretize some abstract mathematical concepts. Make students understand the source and development of new knowledge in operation and experience the joy of participation, thinking and success. In addition, let students apply what they have learned to solve simple practical problems in the "big classroom" of social practice, and let students explore and experience themselves in social practice, thus stimulating students' subjective consciousness and improving their autonomous learning ability.
(4) Help students learn to solve problems with others and improve their cooperative inquiry ability.
In teaching, I constantly create meaningful problem situations and mathematical activities, encourage every student to explore mathematics, think independently, express their opinions, be good at listening to other students' different opinions, and achieve the goal of acquiring knowledge and developing their abilities together in group exchanges and cooperation. For example, in the activity of "building blocks", the study group made various shapes through cooperation, exchange and discussion. Teachers give encouragement and encouragement, and students sprout innovative consciousness in a relaxed and harmonious atmosphere. In the "random spelling" activity, let students use all kinds of physical objects and three-dimensional models to exert their imagination and spell out what they like. Students spell out the shapes of trains, cannons, tanks, giraffes, robots and other objects in an unrestrained atmosphere. This kind of practical activity better embodies "mathematics comes from the reality of life" and "different people learn different levels of mathematics", which makes students taste the fun of learning and stimulates their thirst for knowledge.
⑤ Cultivate the ability to use knowledge flexibly in practice.
Advocate intensive speaking and more practice in teaching. More practice can cultivate children's ability to draw inferences from others and use knowledge. In practice, it is necessary to cultivate students' divergent thinking from multiple angles and levels. One question is changeable, ask more questions, fill in more questions and solve more questions. Make full use of variants to broaden students' thinking. The practice form should be flexible and interesting. The practice content should follow the principles of from shallow to deep, from easy to difficult, from simple to complex, from simple to comprehensive, so as to achieve moderate difficulty, appropriate proportion, clear level and reasonable gradient. Let children feel the joy of learning in practice.
Third, teach students to evaluate themselves and let them learn.
In the process of autonomous learning, students know best what kind of learning can best meet their own needs, what they want to know most, and what they are most confused about. Therefore, teachers should attach importance to students' self-evaluation, which is the basic means for students to know themselves. Self-evaluation can be divided into immediate evaluation, stage evaluation and summary evaluation. Students' self-evaluation is conducive to the continuous improvement of students' self-awareness, self-motivation, self-adjustment and other self-education abilities. Self-evaluation helps students improve their personality.
Finally, pay attention to home-school cooperation, so that students can learn well.
Nowadays, education is a cooperative education of various social forces, among which family education has the greatest influence on students. It can be said that whether parents effectively cooperate with school education directly determines the educational effect. Influenced by the surrounding environment, some parents only pay attention to their grades and force their children to enter and leave various cram schools and extra-long classes. Do not care about children's hobbies, do not care about their growth. In this way, children have a feeling of being tired of learning. How can I learn independently? I hope parents will take a long-term view, pay attention to their children's physical and mental health, and pay attention to their sustainable development.