Entrance education is an indispensable part of higher education, and its basis is to guide college students to adapt to changes in psychology, study and environment as soon as possible.
(1) Entrance education is the need of freshmen's psychological adaptation. Because there is a certain contingency in the college entrance examination, some freshmen enter the university by not playing well, and they step into the school gate with resentment and unconvinced psychology; At the same time, some freshmen are satisfied with being admitted to the university, and finally they can get rid of the middle school lifestyle, which leads to "being admitted is better than not being admitted" and will lead to the lack of ideals and beliefs. If they can't be guided in time after entering school, they will be psychologically unbalanced and even have mental health problems such as autism, depression, anxiety, paranoia, compulsion and schizophrenia.
(2) Entrance education is the need for freshmen to adapt to life. There are obvious differences between college life and middle school life. Now most of the freshmen are only children. They have never left their parents since childhood and are taken care of by them everywhere. After entering the university, classes, dormitories, student organizations and societies at all levels have become the main environment for their lives, and interpersonal relationships in all aspects have also changed. If their will, personality, emotion and other non-intellectual factors are difficult to adapt to the changing environment for a while, it will cause inadaptability in life and study.
(3) Entrance education is the need of college students' learning adaptation. There are great differences between college quality education and high school basic education in learning forms, learning methods and learning contents. In the form of learning, high school teaching is mainly led by teachers, and students are "led by teachers", and their subjective initiative has not been fully exerted. However, the teaching in the university stage is student-centered, and most of the knowledge needs to be obtained by reading a lot of literature after class, so as to give full play to students' subjective initiative. In terms of learning methods, the high school stage focuses on improving students' enrollment rate and cultivating students' ability to take exams through "sea tactics" The learning method is mainly "indoctrination". In the university stage, it is advocated to cultivate students' professional quality, through the combination of compulsory and elective courses, the combination of theory and practice, and the learning method is mainly "learning". In terms of learning content, the courses in senior high school are mainly Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages and synthesis, and the learning content is relatively simple. The courses in the university stage are dozens of compulsory, limited and elective courses through the talent training plan (or teaching plan), and the learning content is rich. Freshmen feel uncomfortable with their studies and their academic performance is relatively poor, which is one of the important reasons why freshmen often make-up exams (or retake exams) in the first semester.
(4) Entrance education is the need for college students to adapt to the campus environment and their majors. As a freshman, the whole campus environment is strange to him. They don't know where to go to class, how to find information in the library, or even the history, situation and rules of the school. Therefore, don't say that they are proud of "I am proud of my alma mater today, and my alma mater will be proud of me tomorrow", and it is even impossible to inspire their enthusiasm for school. Even some freshmen have just been freed from the pressure of the college entrance examination, and they have violated the school rules because of temporary indulgence (such as skipping classes and cheating) without knowing the school rules. At the same time, freshmen are not prepared enough for their professional ideas, do not understand their professional prospects, and their professional ideas are unstable. If we can't cultivate their interest in this major in time, we will not only fail to stimulate their enthusiasm and motivation for learning, but also probably make students accomplish nothing.
So "a good beginning is half the battle". The transition of college freshmen's entrance education can help them change their minds, shorten their psychological span, overcome interpersonal barriers, strengthen their ideals, beliefs and confidence, gradually adapt to their study and life in college, and lay a good foundation for their four-year study and life in college.
2. The content and implementation of freshmen's entrance education
(1) Role transformation education
Freshmen enter the university from middle school, their roles in life have changed, and their lifestyle and learning environment have changed greatly. During the entrance education, freshmen can get to know and adapt to college life as soon as possible through exchanges between senior students and freshmen, symposiums, social gatherings, and celebrity forums. And take an active part in college life.
(2) Mental health education
When freshmen enter school, they should conduct a mental health survey among all freshmen, establish a mental health file for freshmen, screen students with psychological problems, and provide psychological counseling and treatment in time. At the same time, we can also give lectures on mental health education to freshmen to help them adjust their mentality and adapt to college life. In addition, group psychological training activities can be carried out for freshmen to help them set their life goals and study goals, get rid of inferiority complex, dare to speak and learn how to get along with others, especially in groups.
(3) education of ideals and beliefs
Combined with the ideological reality of freshmen, the education of ideals and beliefs is regarded as the primary component and main line of ideological and political education for freshmen. Pay attention to closely combining the current international and domestic situation and the characteristics of current affairs, educate students to seriously study the important thoughts of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Comrade Hu Jintao Scientific Outlook on Development and building a "harmonious society", establish a scientific world outlook, outlook on life, values and methodology, and consciously use Marxist ideas, viewpoints and methods to analyze and solve problems. Through the education of situation and policy, national conditions and current affairs, we should carry out the education of ideals and beliefs, establish the common ideal of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics among freshmen, enhance their sense of historical mission and social responsibility, and enhance their learning goals and motivation.
(4) Honesty education
With the increase of financial aid measures for college students by the state and all walks of life, the phenomenon of forging false information and breaking contracts is increasing, which has a bad influence. This makes it necessary for colleges and universities to carry out honesty education in paying tuition fees, repaying loans and honesty examination. And do a good job in the payment of tuition, accommodation and "green channel" for freshmen. Through in-depth and meticulous ideological and political work, students can not only understand the relevant policies of the state and the school, but also cultivate the virtues of honesty and credit, such as "paying for the school" and "paying back what they borrow".
(five) school situation, school history, school rules and discipline education.
The excellent school spirit and glorious tradition are the eternal themes of entrance education. Freshmen should understand the history, culture and development status of the school at the beginning of their enrollment, stimulate their love for the school and enhance their sense of identity with the school. Therefore, freshmen can learn about the development of our school by watching school history documentaries, school history exhibition halls, interpreting campus culture and school motto, and invite well-known experts, scholars and alumni to give relevant lectures to students. Of course, we should also pay attention to details, introduce the teaching staff, the location of equipment and facilities in various places, and how to use them, so as to alleviate the resistance of freshmen due to insufficient information acquisition and facilitate better study and life in the future.
School rules and discipline education. For example, student management regulations, student status management, course assessment management, and various reward and punishment systems in colleges and universities are all due contents of school discipline education. For freshmen who have just arrived at university and entered a strange learning and living environment, we should let them know the characteristics of university life and the importance of consciously observing school rules and disciplines, improve their initiative and consciousness in observing various systems, and cultivate their virtue of being diligent, studious, honest and modest and excellent style of study.
(6) Professional ideological education
How to make freshmen know and like their major is an important job of freshmen's entrance education. By introducing the training scheme, teaching and research, instruments and equipment, teaching staff, professional talents, professional prospects, professional employment direction and well-known alumni, colleges and universities can stimulate freshmen's understanding, interest and love of their major, further clarify their learning objectives, and devote themselves to future study with a positive attitude. At the same time, we can also introduce elective courses and minor courses to freshmen, so that students can understand that they can learn their interested professional knowledge in their spare time.
(7) Career planning and design education
The career planning and design of colleges and universities can not only lay a foundation for the long-term development of their careers, but also have great significance for exploring their own potential and constantly improving themselves. Freshmen should set their own goals according to their hobbies and characteristics, learn professional courses well, master their professional skills, actively participate in various social practice activities, enhance their communication skills, and accumulate social experience in the next three years. Only in this way can they position themselves in a position where they can give full play to their advantages, maximize their self-worth and gain a strong position in employment.