First, establish a new concept of Chinese teaching and find the spiritual convergence between readers and authors.
The traditional view of education tends to regard literary works in textbooks as "dead" things, ignoring the spiritual communication between readers and authors; Students accept the teacher's dogmatic explanation, have a single grasp of the central idea, have the same understanding of paragraphs and meanings, and lack new ideas. An important reason for this situation is that there is no good emotional communication channel between students and authors. The new curriculum standard emphasizes the need to strengthen emotional education in Chinese teaching, which requires our Chinese teachers to pay attention to guiding students into the situation of literary works in teaching and find a point of convergence with the author's soul. Students are required to use their existing psychological experience and give full play to their imagination to reconstruct and re-create literary works. Before reading literary works, students already have an expectation-that is, a mentality composed of their reading habits, interests, psychology and reading purposes. When students enter the scene of literary works with expectation, they will naturally have rich psychological experience, and when this experience resonates with the author, they will reach a pure and beautiful aesthetic realm, which is a kind of spiritual pleasure that can only be understood but cannot be expressed. At this time, the author's mood was realized. "touching people, don't worry about feelings first", only the true feelings are the easiest to touch the immature and simple hearts of junior high school students. In addition, in the teaching of literacy and writing, we should pay attention to cultivating students' interest and habit in literacy and writing, paying attention to students' experience of the beauty of Chinese characters and paying attention to the neatness of handwriting; In reading teaching, we should pay attention to cultivating students to yearn for and pursue beautiful ideals, care about nature and life, dare to express their likes, dislikes, reverence, yearning and sympathy, and be good at distinguishing right from wrong, good from evil; In exercise teaching, we should cultivate students' interest in cooperation and sharing with others; In oral communication teaching, we should pay attention to cultivating students' sense of participation and good manners and etiquette. Through these concrete and effective ways, emotional education in junior middle school Chinese teaching can be implemented. For example, Lu Xun's "From Herbal Garden to San Tan Yin Yue" touched the playful nature of children. Because I like to play, the Herbal Garden has unlimited fun; Because it is fun, the teaching of three pools printing the moon is very boring. With such a combination, we will have an empirical basis for grasping the whole article, and we will be able to make a broader understanding in this life, instead of returning to the past "conclusive" presentation.
Second, establish the new role of teachers and find the spiritual connection between teachers and students.
Emotion is the most important psychological factor in the teaching process. As a teacher imparting knowledge, we should grasp emotions, cultivate students' sentiment, stimulate students' interest in learning Chinese and improve the level of Chinese teaching.
(A) create a beautiful situation to stimulate students' learning emotions.
Emotions always arise under certain circumstances. In junior high school Chinese teaching, it is an important way to guide students into the realm of literary works. If we can bring students into novel situations with flexible, novel and unique lead-ins, or consciously create some questions that can arouse students' psychological activities, it will easily touch students' heartstrings and stimulate their emotions. Good literary works have a beautiful artistic realm, and the introduction of "introductory emotion" can catch students at once, create a good classroom atmosphere, and stimulate students' interest in learning and thirst for knowledge. Teachers should design some links related to the textbook in advance according to the content of the textbook, at the same time stimulate students' interest, create situations that can stimulate students to express their desires, and maximize students' enthusiasm for participation, so that they can acquire knowledge unconsciously and be influenced by emotions. For example, when guiding students to read Zhu Ziqing's prose "The Back", when introducing the theme, they can tell a touching family story deeply, and some students cry for it; In the process of reading guidance, we can pay attention to emotional reading and make the whole classroom full of affection from beginning to end. This atmosphere also touched students, effectively stimulated students' active exploration of the text, and enabled students to read and understand the text with high quality, and students were deeply influenced by emotions. Therefore, Chinese teachers in middle schools should create a passionate classroom atmosphere, tap students' hearts with surging passion, guide students to move and stimulate their interest and learning potential.
(B) Infiltrate positive thoughts and emotions in classroom management
In Chinese class, because of the diversity of forms, students also show different attitudes, so students should be strict, reasonable and moderate. It varies from person to person, from time to time and from place to place. Appropriate requirements should be put forward according to the actual situation of students, so that students can achieve certain results or success through their own efforts and the guidance of teachers. Perhaps, we will encounter such a situation, when students discuss in groups, some students take the opportunity to gossip and do something unrelated to the classroom; Or when students are asked to answer questions, students are indifferent; Or our words are inappropriate, and some students rashly suggest that ... this requires us to be patient, strict and actively guided, and not to be furious. In education, we should do "excellent students praise in public and problem students criticize individually". Don't take personal feelings when criticizing, be rational, emotional, guide, persevere, be students' intimate friends, and further cultivate while experiencing happy education.
(C) with the help of modern teaching methods, create an emotional atmosphere in the classroom
With the continuous development of science and technology, multimedia technology has been widely used in Chinese teaching. With the help of multimedia, music, slides and movie clips can effectively create an emotional atmosphere in the classroom. Tengger singer's song "Father" can lay an emotional foundation for reading the article "Back" and deeply impress students' sentimental hearts; A group of beautiful and moving pictures of spring scenery can arouse students' yearning for beauty and stimulate their enthusiasm for Zhu Ziqing's Spring. Wonderful fragments of the battle of crossing the Yangtze River are magnificent enough to shock students, creating an emotional atmosphere for students to read Mao Zedong's "A Million Troops of the People's Liberation Army Crossing the Yangtze River" ... Combining the learning content and using modern teaching methods, creating an emotional atmosphere in class can give students a more intuitive perceptual experience, impress their hearts and stimulate their enthusiasm for learning.
Third, establish a new way of learning and find the spiritual connection between learners.
In the teaching materials, poems with mixed scenes, poetic prose, fascinating novels and tear-jerking scripts account for a considerable proportion, all of which contain strong emotional factors and have strong artistic appeal. It is helpful for students to have positive emotions and form lofty personality. Students should be good at using the emotional factors in the teaching materials, enrich the emotional experience and have a strong emotional resonance in the learning process. However, for the same text, the emotional waves aroused by different individuals are quite different. In this process, we can't ignore this point. Chinese learning is more of an open group activity. Several learners exchange and discuss together, and each learner's experience may be deeper. Different learners have different personalities, hobbies, emotions, experiences and knowledge reserves, which will inevitably lead to the imbalance of learning effects. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a group composed of heterogeneous members with cooperative inquiry as the learning method, so as to realize resource sharing, common progress and win-win situation. Therefore, the communication between multiple individuals involved in learning is very important in learning. It is generally believed that individuals seek spiritual integration, thus forming a learning style based on autonomy, mutual cooperation and inquiry.
In short, the implementation of emotional education in middle school Chinese teaching has the power to cultivate aesthetic feelings, cast a beautiful soul and cultivate noble sentiments. In classroom teaching, to achieve emotional goals, we must highlight the "three determinations", which is also an important content of emotional education. Lenin said: "Without human feelings, there will never be, and no one can pursue the truth." This sentence tells the true meaning of emotional education. In order to cultivate students' souls and purify students' emotions, teachers must dig deep into the corresponding emotional factors in textbooks and use emotional language to arouse students' corresponding emotional experience, that is, turn "this scene" in textbooks into students' "my scene". This not only makes students learn what they should learn, enriches their thoughts, improves their ability to feel things and understand languages, but also cultivates their beautiful sentiment of loving the motherland and nature, deepens their experience and feelings about the meaning of life, and knows how to be a man.
(Wang Xueguang No.2 Middle School, Gaotai County, Gansu Province 734306; Dufaxin Nanhua Junior High School, Gaotai County, Gansu Province 734304)