2. The funds for compulsory education in rural areas are seriously insufficient and the management system is not perfect.
Insufficient investment in education and excessive gap between urban and rural areas? Compulsory education is a public product, and the state and society are the biggest beneficiaries of compulsory education, so the state should bear the bulk of education investment. After the reform of rural taxes and fees, while reducing the burden on farmers, the education funds have also been greatly reduced, and the contradiction between supply and demand in the financial situation of rural compulsory education in some places has become more prominent.
Without scientific management and supervision, running a school is inefficient? The problem of rural compulsory education funds is not only the lack of money, but also the arbitrariness, lack of fairness and ineffectiveness of education funds management.
Insufficient hardware facilities, low equipment utilization rate and serious idle phenomenon? Due to the shortage of funds, the teaching and office environment, teaching instruments, experimental equipment and books and materials of most rural schools are quite different from those of cities. In some schools, students have never seen a computer at all, and there is no computer room, language lab or library.
Dangerous buildings in rural schools still exist, lacking reconstruction funds? Before the reform, most rural schools in China implemented graded education, with village-level management as the main and district-level management as the supplement. After the reform, rural schools are mainly managed by districts and counties. Therefore, in the reconstruction of dilapidated buildings, the above funds cannot be put in place, and some funds are used for other purposes after they are put in place, so the funds for the reconstruction of dilapidated buildings in rural areas have become passive water and trees without roots.
Teachers have poor office conditions and lack modern teaching methods.
3. Problems and countermeasures of compulsory education.
Improve the fiscal and taxation system, strengthen the legal system construction, and ensure the state's investment in rural compulsory education. ? Adjust the state's financial expenditure structure for primary education, secondary education and higher education, and ensure that compulsory education is given priority. The salaries of rural primary and secondary school teachers are shared by the central government, provinces, cities and counties, and the provinces, cities and counties are responsible for it, so as to reduce the financial burden of villages and towns. Increase income transfer payments to rural and poverty-stricken areas, and implement completely free compulsory education in poverty-stricken areas. Strengthen the legislative work of education investment, such as enacting the Education Funding Law, ensuring the growth of education funding according to law, and raising the proportion of government compulsory education funding to more than 90% of the total compulsory education funding from the current 60%. Combined with the reform of rural taxes and fees, a certain proportion of tax revenue will be set up for rural compulsory education. ?
Deepen education reform and improve the quality and efficiency of rural compulsory education. ? Reform the employment system and teacher salary system of rural compulsory education by establishing the teacher employment system and teaching quality monitoring mechanism. Establish a performance appraisal system for education investment, and regard the performance of compulsory education funds as an important basis for the appointment, dismissal, reward and punishment of principals and educational leaders. Take effective measures to encourage teachers to move to hard areas and solve the problem of insufficient quality teachers in poor areas.
Deepen rural reform, develop rural economy and increase farmers' income. ? Through a series of measures such as increasing rural infrastructure investment, deepening rural land, finance, tax and fee reform, and accelerating urbanization, farmers' income growth will be promoted and rural families' ability to pay for education will be improved.