"New Curriculum Standard" emphasizes: "Chinese curriculum in senior high school should further improve students' Chinese literacy, enable students to have strong Chinese application ability, certain Chinese aesthetic ability and inquiry ability, form good ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality, and lay a foundation for lifelong learning and individual development. To achieve this course goal, we must attach importance to the classroom and carry out "active and effective teaching" in the current Chinese classroom teaching. What is an active classroom? It is a classroom that gives students the initiative in learning and takes awakening and cultivating people's subjective spirit as its sacred mission. What is an effective classroom? That is, an effective and efficient classroom, classroom teaching behavior goals can be effectively achieved, and students' related intellectual and emotional goals can be well implemented; With less teaching time, students can get more developed classes. Professor Yu, an expert on curriculum reform in the Ministry of Education, explained that from a professional point of view, the effectiveness of classroom teaching means that students can develop through classroom teaching. An active and effective classroom consists of many factors. I think one of the important factors should be to cultivate students' thinking habits, not just to accept the knowledge instilled by teachers.

Second, how to realize the active effectiveness of Chinese classroom teaching

As early as more than two thousand years ago, Confucius brilliantly expounded the relationship between learning and thinking: "Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous". In Chinese teaching, we usually only let students "learn", such as speaking preset lesson plans in class, instilling, giving instructions, engaging in sea tactics, and mechanical training in answering questions. And forget to leave some room for students to think and let them "think". Thinking class that does not allow students to think is not an active and effective class. To realize active and effective Chinese classroom teaching, I think it is important to cultivate students' habit of positive thinking, taste the beauty of Chinese in the process of thinking, and thus realize the true meaning of Chinese learning.

So how to cultivate students' thinking habits? First of all, deeply interpret the text and activate students' thinking. In Chinese textbooks, almost all texts are excerpts with both literary quality and beauty. It is the basis of activating students' thinking to interpret the text thoroughly and guide students' interpretation with their own interpretation experience. Secondly, teachers "talk less" to cultivate students' ability to question, analyze and summarize the law. It is very difficult to "talk less" in traditional classes. Teachers are always afraid that students will lose points if they miss something. However, teachers talk too much, students think too little, and students in the whole class become stenographers, and the learning effect is not ideal, because the accumulation of quantity has not contributed to a qualitative leap. We can try to ask questions and analyze doubts, arrange pre-class preparation, guide students to interpret in multiple ways, fully affirm students' reasonable independent opinions, and don't give them ready-made answers and conclusions, so that students can mobilize their own experience, experience and knowledge and seek the law of solving problems by themselves. Teachers only need to play the role of enlighteners. Third, combine the teaching materials in class to carry out effective extracurricular expansion. In order to strengthen the training of students' thinking ability, effective extracurricular expansion must be carried out in combination with teaching materials. Generally speaking, extracurricular expansion is mainly in a narrow sense, that is, in the teaching of a specific text, it supplements extracurricular articles or related knowledge similar to its subject matter, genre or theme. For example, when I was teaching Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip, I made up his Song of Eternal Sorrow. When teaching Shi Tiesheng's Acacia Tree, he supplemented his Me and Ditan. When teaching China modern poetry unit, supplement the works of other writers in the same period. Effective extracurricular expansion can broaden students' horizons, increase their connotation and improve their cultural literacy.

The flexible characteristics of Chinese subject are fertile ground for cultivating students' independent thinking. We should combine the characteristics of Chinese subject and explore more ways to realize classroom initiative and effectiveness.