First, the nature and characteristics of life education
What is life education? Tao Xingzhi's explanation is that life education is the education of life origin, self-reliance and necessity. He expressed it in English: life education means life education, from life to life. Tao Xingzhi thinks: "Life is education." Life is everywhere, that is, education is everywhere; The whole society is a place of life, that is, a place of education. What is the essence of Tao Xingzhi's life education?
1. Life education must pay attention to life.
Tao Xingzhi pointed out: "Education must be life. All education must run through life. " In summing up life education, he said: "In the past 20 years, we have carried out four educational movements to meet the needs of the objective environment: rural education, universal education, national disaster education and wartime education. These four actions are four stages of an action. This movement is a life education movement, and it can also be said that it is a national education movement from semi-colonial and semi-feudal to freedom and equality. " From the analysis of the principles of contemporary pedagogy, politics determines the nature of education, productivity determines the scale and speed of education development, and education can react to society. Tao Xingzhi's life education emphasizes paying attention to social life, regards social life as the foundation and basis of education, and explains the basic theory of education from the academic perspective of integrating theory with practice.
2. Life education must rely on life.
Tao Xingzhi believes: "What kind of life, what kind of education." "If we want to receive any education, we must live." He added: "Life education is innate and walks with life. Born in disgrace, he graduated in a coffin. ..... What I have in hand are all living books, all knowledge and all skills. " Why has Tao Xingzhi always opposed stereotyped writing and stereotyped writing? The fundamental reason is that stereotyped writing has nothing to do with people's lives, while stereotyped writing abroad still has nothing to do with people's lives. He pointed out: What is education? Education is to teach people to invent tools, make tools and use tools. Life education teaches people to invent, manufacture and use life tools. According to Mr. Tao Xingzhi, life education comes from social life, relies on social life, and serves life with life tools as an intermediary. All education divorced from social life is harmful and useless.
Third, life education must serve social life. Mr. Tao Xingzhi criticized the intellectuals at that time, who worked hard but didn't work, studied and didn't work, and became a "bookworm". Teachers "teach dead books, teach the dead, teach the dead"; Readers "read dead books, read dead books, read dead books." At best, they just make a living bookcase, and at best they sell knowledge. Teacher Tao believes that life education is not a superstructure, but a substructure. "Why? If we have a life of eating, we have an education of eating; Where there is a life of dressing, there is education of dressing; Where there is life for men and women, there is education for men and women. It is essentially different from the traditional decoration education. It is not a modern girl's Jin Gangzuan ring, but a poor man's steamed bread and a broken cotton-padded jacket under the ice and snow. " Therefore, he regards life education as a "substructure" and is full of confidence in life education: "Life and life friction can play an educational role. We put ourselves in the life of society, that is, we turn the magnet line of society into it, and then we can glow and emit strength through the current of education. "
So what are the characteristics of life education?
Tao Xingzhi summarized the characteristics of life education into six aspects in the article "Characteristics of Life Education", namely, life, action, mass, progress, world and historical connection. Taking the characteristics of life as an example, he thinks that we should drill out the truth from the struggle of life. The deeper we go into it, the more I feel that the change of life is the change of education. Taking the characteristics of action as an example, since behavior is the dominant life, we can "learn for action and learn by action". Action produces theory, which guides action and leads the whole life to a higher level. Taking the characteristics of progress as an example, Tao Xingzhi believes that in the same society, there is a difference between a forward life and a backward life. "We should use the forward life to guide the backward life. We should all live a forward life together and get a progressive education. The consciousness of progress is to teach people to make real progress in life. " At the same time, he made a detailed analysis and discussion on the characteristics of mass, world and historical connection of life education. When I was reading The Characteristics of Life Education by Tao Xingzhi, it suddenly occurred to me that its characteristics are similar to Deng Xiaoping's Three Faces!
Second, the problems of contemporary college students' social adaptability
Today, with the emphasis on quality education in the whole society, education in China has developed by leaps and bounds, especially with the wave of popularization of higher education, going to college has become a common thing for ordinary people. As a talent, you must not only have a diploma, but also have a level; We should not only have the ability to learn, but also have the ability to adapt to society. And what is the social adaptability of our students today? We can see the leopard from the following cases.
1. What happened to the champion of the college entrance examination?
According to the Survey Report on Top College Entrance Examiners in China released by a research institution, during the 32 years from 1077 to 2008, 40% of the top college entrance examiners in 1000 are currently studying or working overseas, and their occupations in China are mainly academia, government agencies and institutions, but few of them have made outstanding achievements and become industries and fields. The conclusion of this survey report is generally consistent with the cognition of the top scholars in society. In people's impression, in recent years, top talents and successful people in some hot industries in politics, business and society have rarely heard of who is the top candidate in the college entrance examination in a province and a city. High marks in the college entrance examination highlight students' learning ability, and success in the workplace requires students' comprehensive quality and social adaptability. According to Mr. Tao Xingzhi, they are top scholars in book learning and may not be qualified for life education.
2. College students who are frustrated in job hunting
According to the Changjiang Business Daily, Wang Yun stayed at home for ten years after his job search was frustrated. Wang Yun, 33, was born in an ordinary peasant family in Changsha. When he was 7 years old, his mother went out to work because his family was poor. Childhood life is monotonous, my father has a bad temper and the living environment is depressed. In primary school and middle school, he doesn't like talking or making friends. 1996 was admitted to an undergraduate college in the province. During college, I "don't join clubs, run for student cadres, and don't associate with people." Graduated from university in 2000, failed in many courses during my study, and did not get two certificates normally. In the process of looking for a job, I hit a wall many times. In the strange eyes of others, Wang Yun became more and more depressed, even "desperate, feeling that living is meaningless". I can't find a job, so I can only go back to China in despair. From graduation to 20 10, he stayed indoors and became a standard "otaku", staying at home for ten years. On August 4th, 20 1 1, Wang Yun was persuaded by experts to come to Xiangya Hospital. Through communication and diagnosis with mental health experts, Wang Yun suffers from social phobia, and the specific symptoms are "running away from the world, being afraid of others and being timid". For patients, the first step of treatment should be to learn to communicate with strangers more. From the case of Wang Yun, we know that apart from studying and receiving school education, social interaction and life education are also indispensable compulsory courses in life.