One. Multiple choice questions: (50 points)
1。 In the biological cell structure
A. The pathogen of AIDS, the pathogen of polio and the pathogen of hepatitis D, anthrax
2。 The mistake of "carbon is the core element of life" and "there is no life without carbon"
A. Carbon content in organisms
B. Important organic compounds that make up cells include
At℃, the amino acid composition of carbon protein is the basic skeleton based on the number of carbon atoms connected on the carbon chain.
D. the number of monosaccharides, the basic skeleton of carbon atoms connected by carbon chains
3。 As shown in the figure below, A→B refers to two cell cycles of continuous splinter cell, and the following statement is incorrect:
one
b？
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e
one
b？
D
At the end of AA and B cell cycles, the content of BC DNA doubled.
C. Like genetic material, it usually occurs at the first decibel, and C is a cell cycle.
4. Which of the following does not directly require ATP energy?
A. Cell division B.C. Cell absorbs osmotic water D. Muscle contraction
5。 Describe biofilm error
Membrane components can be transferred from endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi membrane to cell membrane.
C. Biofilm B. Membrane structure in a common body with similar chemical composition and structure of various biomembrane.
D. Biofilms perform their respective functions and cooperate with each other to jointly complete the physiological functions of cells.
& lt/6 Scientists In mammals, distilled water from mature red blood cells leads to hemolysis of ruptured red blood cells, and then the rest is called "ghost", which is the main component of structural biology and cell microenvironment substances.
A. inorganic salts, protein B. protein C. fats, carbohydrates, protein D. lipids, protein.
At 7 o'clock, the body metabolizes rapidly and grows rapidly, in the body.
A B whether the ratio of bound water to free water is reduced.
C. Bound water and free water, and the ratio of bound water and free water will increase by d. 。
8。 The formed protein molecule consists of two peptide chains with constant condensation rate of 565,438+0 amino acids and 565,438+0 amino acids. Assuming that the average molecular weight of amino acids is 130, the molecular weight of protein is.
A.5748 B.6630 C.882 D.49
9。 The high magnification used in the following description is wrong.
A: Look carefully under the low-power microscope first, and then go to the high-power microscope.
B. Adjust with coarse focusing screw, and then adjust with fine focusing screw.
C. the visual image becomes bright and clear.
D. High magnification and narrow field of view, magnification
10 The following description is incorrect.
A. Chloroplasts in cyanobacteria B. Photosynthetic pigments in cyanobacteria
C. photosynthetic conditions of cyanobacteria in cyanobacteria cells, enzyme D. photosynthetic sites of cyanobacteria cells
1 1 Whether the green plants respond to light, you'd better check.
A. glucose production B.ATP synthesis C. measuring oxygen release D. carbon dioxide absorption
12。 It is known that Mn2+ is the activator of many enzymes, such as nitrate reductase, and plants lacking Mn2+ will not be able to use nitrate, which is manifested as inorganic ions.
A: the important role of maintaining acid-base balance B.
C. it plays an important role. D. It plays an important role in maintaining intracellular osmotic pressure and regulating life activities, and has important equipment for maintaining cell morphology .../>; the meaning of
temperature
Cotton fabric state
The phenomenon after a few days.
A sunny place. 23 degrees celsius
Wet germination
second
sunlight
23 degrees celsius and
dry
No germination
dark
23℃
supermarket
It's all sprouted
small
dark
23 ℃
Ungerminated stem
13。 The bottom of the Petri dish is covered with cotton with pea seeds. The experimental results are shown on the right, which proves that seed germination is necessary.
A. sunshine
B. Air
D. water
14。 Normal morphology of two sister chromatids replicated on chromosomes (b)
15。 Fresh leaves of bryophytes, 0.3g/mL sucrose solution with a small amount of red ink, observed under a microscope, will see the state of bryophyte cells, as shown in the figure. In this case, the colors of ① and ② are () respectively.
A.① Colorless. ② Green B.① Red ② Green
C.① Red ② Colorless D.① Red ② Red
16。 The results showed that human red blood cells were soaked in sucrose solutions with different concentrations for half an hour. The morphological changes of blood cells are determined in descending order of sucrose solution concentration, and the correct one is ().
A: > b > C & gtD
B.e & gtA & gtB& gt； C
C，C & gtD & gtA & gtB
D.C & gtB& gt； D & gtA
/& gt； 17。 K+ and NO3- curves of carrot oxidized in potassium nitrate solution. Different factors affecting the absorption of points a and b and points b and c
A. the number and energy of vectors
B. Number of energy carriers
C. ion concentration of carrier number
D. Energy ion concentration
18。 The following figure shows the photosynthetic rate curves (I, II, III, IV) of four plants under different light intensities, which are the most suitable conditions for growing in the shade. Plants ()
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B.Ⅱ
C.Ⅲ
D.Ⅳ
19。 The unity of biosphere reserves and abiotic world, because
A. Biological and abiotic substances
The compound consists of cells from the lithosphere.
C. inorganic properties of more than 20 chemical elements
Hefei D. The metabolism of organisms is the same.
Twenty organisms. Normal metabolic activity in the body is in the process of reproduction.
A. fat B. phospholipid C. solid alcohol D. fatty acid
2 1a & gt；
A. By comparing the phenomenon of separation and recovery in the cytoplasm of a cell, we can judge whether it is dead or alive. B. Ability and strength
What is the number of cell membrane carriers? D. cells absorb nutrients/>; 22。 In the experiment of starch decomposition catalyzed by starch, the effect of 2 times and 20 times dilution of amylase is basically the same, which shows that the enzyme has the following characteristics
A. specificity B. diversity C. efficiency D. stability
23。 Aerobic respiration in this process is 18O.
A. glucose water B. glucose → pyruvate → pyruvate → oxygen
C. glucose glucose → oxygen → water D. glucose → pyruvate → carbon dioxide utilization 18O tracing oxygen atom transfer pathway.
Changes in glucose production Three carbon compounds move the sun in a jar into dark cells.
A.C3 suddenly increases, (CH2O) decreases, and C3 b(CH2O) decreases.
C.C3(CH2O) increases D. C3 suddenly decreases and (CH2O) increases.
It contains ADP, phosphoric acid, NADP+ and other substances added to chloroplasts. Under the conditions shown by photosynthesis, the curve drawn by the experiment represents.
A. rate of organic synthesis
B.02 release
C.ATP and [H]
D.CO2 absorption
Two. Concept map: (20 points)
①_______②_______③_______④_____⑤______
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Correct the misjudgment. If it is true, the following statement will be played. If there is any mistake, please click on the underlined part. ( 10)
1。 Nucleic acid is a substance that carries genetic information. In all biological cells, genetic variation and protein biosynthesis are related to their structure and activity. 〖〗
2 Cell biofilm system consists of organelle membrane and cell membrane, nuclear membrane and cell wall. 〖〗
3。 With the help of macromolecular carrier protein, the cell membrane is transported from one side to the other by the process of active transportation. In this process, it is necessary to consume the energy released by chemical reactions in cells.
Cell metabolism is a large number of chemical reactions in which organisms are constantly growing. 〖〗
5。 The enzyme produced is organic matter catalyzed by living cells, and the organic matter is mainly protein. 〖〗
Fill in the blanks: (20 points)
1。 Flour bread, soft and delicious bread is made of yeast _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2。 The energy substance of biological life activities is mainly the direct energy substance of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
3. It has been found that under certain temperature conditions, when the lipid molecules of the membrane of the composition are vertically aligned, the temperature rises to a certain extent, and the thickness of the enlarged area of the irregular membrane of 75% of the lipid molecules decreases. This proves that the movement of membrane molecules makes the cell membrane have the structure of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
/a & gt；
Fill in the blanks with pictures: students who draw pictures
1。 (6 points) The schematic diagram of onion root meristem is as follows.
Careful observation and analysis of the chart, there are three obvious mistakes in the chart:
(1) Ben _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _;
(2)________________________;
③________________________。
2。 (8) The following figure is a schematic diagram of the photosynthesis process. Please answer the following questions according to the pictures.
(1) The function of pigments involved in photosynthesis in cells, which are organelles for photosynthesis of green plants.
(2) The process of photosynthesis can be divided into two stages, H stage, which I mentioned.
(3) the simple pattern of chemical molecule D of chemical formula B _ _ _ _ _
(4) Write the overall reaction of photosynthesis:
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3。 (8 points) The following two students were attracted by the penetrating experimental device. According to the picture, they answered:
(1) In the figure, A stands for _ _ _ _ _ _, and its function is _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) schematic diagram of infiltration device, the correct one is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
________________________。
/a & gt；
Exploration and analysis of virtual instrument experiment;
student
operation sequence/order
solve
blush
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manufacturer
observe
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The fifth of the ten days' work
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& gt 1 (9 o'clock was observed in the plant cell mitosis experiment) The fifth-grade students took measures to cut the onion root tips immediately after going from A to E. Please answer:
(1) The observation result is _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the observation result of B is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _? The observed experimental result is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (please select the serial number below).
A. the color on the chromosome is not significant and can't be seen.
B. Cell overlapping chromosomes
C. Colors on chromosomes are clearly visible.
D. Chromosome coloring is weak, and fuzzy note: "+"indicates this operation. "-"indicates an operation.
(2) After the above steps, student D directly observes under a high-power microscope. Cell mitosis has not been discovered for a long time, and the steps should be able to be used normally _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(3) The students observed rectangular units, but no mitotic images were found. The possible reasons are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(4)E's student teacher pointed out that an image of cell division was found. He wants to observe the number and shape of mitotic chromosomes in onion root tip cells, and he should combine eyepiece and objective lens _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
2。 Read the following materials and answer the questions.
In the process of cancer research, many scientists have devoted a lot of effort and sweat. 1900, Rawls, who was only 30 years old, got chicken sarcoma (a sarcoma of connective tissue and epithelial tissue in the growth of malignant tumor), and did the following experiments: chicken tissue fell to the ground in liquid form and was filtered with a special "sieve". Even the smallest cells did not pass through this filtering device. Then the filtrate was injected into the healthy body of chickens, which led to the rapid growth of chicken sarcoma. (8 points)
(1) Based on the above speculation, Rawls proposed an angle? _____________________
(2) From this point of view, the evidence provided by the research on what carcinogens cause cancer, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
______________。
(3) You designed a simulation experiment and studied that some physical or chemical factors may cause cancer.
_______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________。
/a & gt；
3。 (10) Scientists' plants are watered with salt water for 30 minutes. The plants in Figure B are like pictures to answer this question:
(1) What happened to the cells when the plants were watered with salt water?
(2) Talking will lead to changes in plant cells.
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(3) If you water the plants with fresh water in Figure B, predict what will happen to the plants and explain the reasons.
/a & gt；
/a & gt；
Reference answer
, multiple choice questions:
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Second, the concept map:
1。 ①CH, O4 ribose ⑤ ② ③ Glycogen (cellulose) of glucose monosaccharide.
2 1 chloroplast pigment ② ATP (3) O2 4C5 (CH2O)
3 judgment correction:
1。 √
Delete "and cell wall"
3。 √
4。 Life activities
√
4. Fill in the blanks
1。 Carbon dioxide aerobic breathing anaerobic breathing alcohol
Glucose ATP of 2 fat solar energy
3 liquidity
Verb (abbreviation for verb) fill in the blanks:
1。 Answer: ① There should be no chloroplasts ② There should be vacuoles ③ Cells should be square.
(4) Nuclear energy should account for a considerable proportion.
2( 1) chloroplast dark reaction? It should be (3)O2 ATP(3) (abbreviated)
(1) Semi-permeable membrane allows water molecules to absorb light energy (2) sucrose molecules are not allowed.
(2) Equipment B has more water molecules in the sucrose solution, and the volume of the sucrose solution increases.
6 experimental exploration and analysis problems:
1 (1) Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone (II) Low magnification microscope uses high magnification for the first time.
(3) incorrect observation station (seeing that students are mature area cells) (4)BC
(1) Carcinogenesis of virus; (2) Evidence of carcinogenicity of viral factors.
(3)① Select the test materials (an animal) and group them.
/& gt； ② Animals were tested with physical or chemical factors, and a control group was set up.
③ Predictive results and conclusions: If the tumor of the animals in the experimental group indicates that this factor is carcinogenic, can it be inferred if there is a tumor? .
3。 (1) cells were isolated from the plasma wall.
(2) When the concentration of plant cells is higher than that of cell sap, vacuoles of plant cells dehydrate, resulting in cell plasma wall separation.
(3) If fresh water is injected into the factory in time, the factory should be able to restore the separation of plasma and wall between plants soon. If it takes longer to inject fresh water into the plant, the plant may die, and due to long-term dehydration, the plasma-wall separation cannot be restored. State.