Introduction to the background of the 14 th Five-Year Plan
In 20 14, both the state and Guangdong province issued the first-phase promotion plan for special education. 20 17 released the second promotion plan. The "14th Five-Year Plan" issued in 2022 is actually a three-phase plan, in some innovative places.
The development trend of special education in the world
1. Attach importance to legislation to protect the rights and interests of the disabled, including the rights and interests of education.
2. Pay attention to early intervention for disabled children, that is, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
3. Pay attention to inclusive education and inclusive education. In fact, the focus of the third stage is integrated education, that is, to let special children and adolescents join ordinary classes in ordinary schools as much as possible and receive education with other children.
4. Pay attention to the participation of families and communities. For example, the parents' club is to intervene and support the family's education of special children. The community will also provide some services for the disabled and participate in supporting the growth of special children.
5. Pay attention to the explanation of the causes of disability, and tend to combine internal and external causes, not only attributing all the causes of disability to children, but also including some external factors such as environmental support.
The specific content of the "14 th Five-Year Plan"
1, guiding ideology:
Improve the quality of education in an all-round way and promote the self-esteem, self-confidence, self-reliance and self-improvement of disabled children and adolescents;
Respect differences, diversity and integration. Teaching students according to their aptitude is suitable for development. Understand and respect each other and make progress together.
2. General requirements:
The enrollment rate of special children in Guangdong province reached 97%;
In the pre-school education stage, the admission rate of the Pearl River Delta region reached 90% in the first three years, and the eastern and northwestern regions reached 85%.
Free education will be held on 15, from semester to senior high school for three years.
3. Improve the development system of special education;
In the part of compulsory education, it is stipulated that the proportion of teachers sent should not exceed 10% to avoid the situation that children are registered but actually drop out of school; The part of non-compulsory education meets the requirement of enrollment rate mentioned above.
The target of special education in Guangdong Province will be expanded from the original three categories of blindness, deafness and mental retardation to six categories of disabilities, plus autism, learning difficulties and emotional and behavioral disorders.
Continue to develop integrated education, that is, Pute integration, vocational integration, medical rehabilitation information technology and special education integration.
Improve the guarantee mechanism of special education, provide sufficient funds, run teaching conditions well, expand the supply of degrees, enrich the talent team, develop curriculum resources and strengthen quality control.
Strengthen organizational leadership, improve working mechanism, strengthen supervision and evaluation and social publicity.