INF proposes the following definition:
Naturalism is a way of life in harmony with nature, which is manifested through social nudity, showing the self-esteem of people with different opinions and the self-esteem of the environment. At one end of the spectrum are nudists, who just enjoy the naked lifestyle, while at the other end are naturalists, who hold profound beliefs and think that common nudity is just one of many important principles.
The definition of INF is a compromise and has been maintained since 1974. In this definition, you can see these elements: "lifestyle, harmony with nature, social nudity, self-esteem, different opinions and respect for the environment".
Naked philosophical and religious nudity
In the 4th century BC, Alexander the Great met a group of wandering naked monks in India, whom he called "naked philosophers". (Greek: gymnos means naked; A sophist means knowledge. The philosopher Onesicritus studied their beliefs and lifestyles. Pyrrho, a skeptic, was influenced and incorporated nudity into his philosophy. These naked philosophers are Hindus, but they are monks of Jainism and Ajivika. Being naked in religion or practicing nudity as an expression, they have given up all worldly things. For the Greeks, nudity is not a new concept, just as the Olympic Games (founded in 776 BC) is a nude activity in which all men participate. Gymnastics and gymnasium use the same root in English ('Gymnos' in Greek).
The first English naturalists used the name "naked philosophy" as a euphemism for their leisure activities. The British Naked Philosophy Association was founded in 1922, and 1926 became a new naked philosophy association. They bought land in Brickswood and became Britain's first naked colony. One of the first members was Gerald Gardner, who founded the "Five Acres Club" nearby on 1945. On the surface, this is a naked club, but in fact it is the facade of Wicca, because witchcraft is illegal in Britain until 195 1.
Digamba, one of the two main branches of Jainism in India, maintains the ceremony of wearing clothes or being naked, but this is usually carried out by men. Digambar means "dress the sky". Wiccans adopted this word and performed their rituals in nude ceremonies.
Historically, the Adam Sect, a Sect of Gnosticism, adopted religious nudity.
Another Sect, Doukhobors, migrated from Russia to western Canada. They occasionally go naked or work on a farm. There are three branches in Duckball, Canada. A member of a branch, a small radical "sons of liberty" (political group), publicly stripped naked in large-scale demonstrations since1960s+0900s to protest against the government's policy of trying to assimilate them. At present, Christian nudism contains many different members, who are related to most Christian sects. Although their beliefs are different, they have a common theme: many elements of Christianity misinterpret the events in the Garden of Eden, and God is not happy that Adam and Eve covered their bodies with fig leaves. The ideal of naturalist
Many groups organized themselves in order to realize their dreams, and later split up because of some principles. There are many examples of differences between different groups in these principles, which often lead to two or more national organizations. This paper puts forward an incomplete list extracted from Decamp, which integrates the views of various naturalists and later becomes the focus of heated debate among them.
● Live in peace with wild animals-have ecological awareness.
Live in peace with the environment-become an environmental activist.
● Health-bathing in sunshine, fresh air and clean water ([bath therapy], seawater therapy, [sunlight therapy]), yoga and Tai Ji Chuan.
● Healthy diet-reduce the intake of alcohol, meat, cigarettes and drugs. Look for healthy food and adopt healthy eating methods to prevent obesity. This can be extended to teetotalless and vegetarian or vegan eating habits. The latter two are also related to respecting the environment.
● Agriculture-avoid unnecessary fertilizers and genetically modified organisms (genetic engineering). Oppose high-density collective raising of livestock or poultry (factory farming).
● Drug therapy-it should be natural therapy, if it is impossible to achieve complete homeopathy.
● Psychotherapy-as a way to influence personal change.
Harmony with others-equality and respect. Stand against war and supporting the national government.
● Pedagogy-children should be treated equally, not favoritism.
Spirituality-man is just an animal, and he is naked in religion (nudity has a place in religion).
Clothes-nudism, because clothes are unnecessary and unhealthy, which will cause social obstacles.
● Exercise-cultivate a healthy body.
● Art-you should give full play to your talents, not as a means of economic profit.
● Travel-learn about the cultures of other nationalities, concentrate on camping and be close to the earth.
Freedom-no one has the right to tell others or their children that they must wear clothes.
Reduce the pollution of clothes, and then produce and maintain some ways to reduce the carbon footprint.
Some of these ideas have become mainstream. Everything else was quietly forgotten. It is generally believed that there is no room for erotic and open sexual behavior among naturalists. In fact, these behaviors run counter to the ideal of naturalism.
Naturalism and romanticism
American writer walt whitman is a nude sunbather;
I have never been so close to nature; She has never been so close to me. ... nature is naked, and so am I. ... sweet and sober, I am still naked in nature! Ah, if the poor, sick and promiscuous people in the city may get to know nature again! Isn't nudity indecent? No, it's not dirty at all. Your thoughts, maturity, fear and decency are all indecent. When we are in a bad mood, our clothes are not only too boring, but also indecent. Henry david thoreau's famous phrase "The world is preserved in the wilderness" comes from a walk (Thoreau):
If we approach this natural aspect with any wrong concept of human pollution, we will not fully understand it. If we allow man-made objects, such as clothes, to interfere with our contact with nature, they will naturally avoid us. To understand nature, we must be completely naked. Naturalism was a part of the literary movement in the late1800s (please refer to andre gide's works), which especially influenced many artistic movements at that time, especially henri matisse and other fauvism painters. This movement is based on the French concept of "joie de vivre", which refers to the free indulgence of material senses, direct experience and spontaneous life orientation. This movement was later called naturalism. For healthy naturalism.
German naturalism originated from the life reform movement. 1896 started from the Wandervogel youth movement in Steglitz, Berlin, which advocated the idea of fitness and vitality, was inspired by nationalist ideas and rebelled against the thoughts of parents. At the same time, doctors who promote the natural therapy movement use phototherapy to expose patients to the sun to treat tuberculosis, rheumatism and tuberculosis of lymph nodes. It has been proved that sunbathing is beneficial to some skin conditions and can make the body produce vitamin D.
● Arnold Rickli, a Swiss doctor, opened a sunbathing clinic in the Slovenian town of Bled on 1853.
● In his book Nackende Menchen und Jauchzen, Heinrich Pudor, a German, discussed the methods to improve social health, and then discussed Nacktkultur (a nude sect). It stipulates a strict lifestyle and nudity.
● German Paul Zimmermann opened Freilicht Park in Lubeck, which is open to people who believe in nude sects.
● Die Nacktheit written by Richard Ungewitter, a German, sold 90,000 copies, specifying a utopian lifestyle, where everyone will be naked, eat only vegetables, and prohibit drinking and smoking. In his utopia, everyone is a German with blue eyes, blond hair and blue eyes.
● Adolf Koch, a German, a left-wing primary school teacher, tried to use social nudity to liberate people from the authority addicted to restraint, which made ordinary people obey their masters: the authority of parents, the moderate autocracy of the church, the media and the institutions that maintain law and order. In the1920s, he adopted organic rhythmic movements in schools in Berlin. 1932, about100000 Germans participated in naturalism, of which 70000 were in Koch's K &；; OumlRperschülen school
● Werner Zimmermann, a Swiss, advocates being guilty of the body and encourages nude education. He tried to eliminate the guilt of the body, and encouraged opening up and ending the depression of human spirit, which he believed was the cause of sexual deviation.
● Hans Surén, a German, taught nude calisthenics in the army for five years and was later forced to leave. He wrote Mensch und die Sonne on 1924, and reprinted it 6 times1time. Later, in 1936, Suellen advocated movement and naturalism to create a pure Germany. 1Early 1940s, unpopular, arrested. By 1945, he changed his face and wrote religious scriptures. Although he never joined any FKK club, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom. Honorary member of oumlrperkultur (DFK).
● Nudists have become the main part of German left-wing politics. The proletarian liberal party organized by the workers' movement; Oumlrperkulturbewegung branch has 60,000 members.
With people paying more and more attention to skin cancer, sun protection has become a part of naturalistic culture.
Naturalism and equality
Many people say that being naked in a group makes you feel more accepted as a whole; Including body, knowledge and emotion. They said that despite their differences in age, size, physique and health, they are often more acceptable to others. Without clothes, a person's social class is usually covered up. They feel more United with others and less concerned about personal wealth, status, nationality, race and gender.