(A) highlighted the spirit of understanding this era. As we all know, with the acceleration of globalization, competition and cooperation between nations are increasing day by day, and they are all based on understanding. Once this spirit of understanding has settled in people's minds, it has become an indispensable quality for contemporary people.
(2) Pay attention to underachievers, a vulnerable group. Transforming underachievers is a difficult problem in international education today. Many countries have done research in this field, but most of them focus on the means and methods of transformation (such as behavior correction technology), and it seems that they don't realize that misunderstanding is one of the basic reasons for students' backwardness. In fact, family misunderstanding, social misunderstanding and educational misunderstanding have ruined the intelligence and youth of some teenagers. Understanding education came to this world to eliminate these misunderstandings.
(3) Open up new paths for teachers' development. As we all know, the improvement of education quality depends largely on the development of teachers themselves. Teachers' development is based on their understanding of themselves, students and education. The deeper and more accurate this understanding is, the more teachers can exert their subjective initiative. Therefore, understanding education starts with improving teachers' understanding consciousness and ability, and then improves teachers' professional ethics and educational ability.
Encourage underachievers to make progress with other students. In education, misunderstanding and understanding are common. Although understanding education attaches importance to underachievers, it also cares about other students, makes a fuss about underachievers and makes progress with other students. In fact, teachers who are good at transforming underachievers and doing other students' work are undoubtedly more handy. Understanding education begins with the formation of understanding concept, and through practical links such as ideological work and classroom teaching, underachievers have gained great benefits and greatly changed the common progress of all students. The basic steps are as follows:
(1) Create an atmosphere of understanding. First, establish a school motto of understanding, that is, understand and teach students in their hearts; Understand teachers, study hard and forge ahead; Know yourself and shape your life. Second, publicize understanding words, and post slogans and metaphors that are conducive to understanding in eye-catching places in schools. Third, recite the Song of Enlightenment. Teachers' Understanding Song, developed by understanding education, is a reading text that helps teachers master the understanding process and use understanding strategies, and helps teachers eliminate students' misunderstandings. Similar texts include "Students Know Songs" and so on. Fourth, establish an understanding room. The understanding room is a place for teachers and students to vent their dissatisfaction and adjust their mentality. There are mainly three spaces: venting space, soothing space and dialogue space. Understanding room is different from psychological consultation room, which not only plays the role of psychological consultation, but also plays the role of education. Fifth, use the understanding card. Understanding cards are three-sided bodies placed on students' desks to express mutual communication. Each face is painted red, yellow and blue, representing different meanings.
(2) The creation of understanding atmosphere is conducive to the formation of understanding concepts, but this alone is not enough. At ordinary times, teachers and students should be organized to learn understanding theory, recite understanding songs, practice understanding exercises, teach understanding classes, gradually deepen understanding and form the concept of understanding. Practice has proved that it is almost impossible for teachers and students to get rid of a deep-rooted old concept and form a new concept only through several theoretical studies. Therefore, on the basis of learning theory, organizing and practicing comprehension exercises is an important link to accelerate the formation of ideas. Of course, this can only solve some people's problems. For some teachers and students, it takes a long practical process to understand the formation of concepts. Comprehension exercise is a kind of psychological exercise, which is divided into extracurricular exercise and in-class exercise. Its basic function is to urge teachers and students to overcome some psychological obstacles, adjust their emotions and enter the teaching process with happy emotions.
(III) Implementation of the Understanding Course The understanding course is mainly composed of the following links: First, psychological preparation, students do understanding exercises, concentrate their attention, and form a happy learning mood. Second, communication and understanding, teachers and students can master relevant theoretical knowledge or exchange thoughts and feelings by talking to each other. This step emphasizes that teachers give students the right to speak and guide students to change from practical reading to creative reading. The so-called real reading is actually reading and understanding the original intention. Creative reading refers to reading creatively and reading new ideas. Third, understanding the problem. Apply what you have learned to solve problems and apply what you have learned. The general requirement is to solve written problems first-master theory, and then solve practical problems-and enhance practical ability. Fourth, reflect on understanding, sum up positive and negative experiences in class, and think about improvement methods. Fifth, tracking and understanding, according to after-school practice, establish students' learning progress files, disperse students' learning problems at different points in a relatively long time, and solve them one by one, so as to turn teaching students in accordance with their aptitude into reality.
Of course, the steps of understanding the course are not mechanical, and should be adapted according to the actual situation. The time distribution of each step is not uniform. At the same time, these steps can not be completed in one class, especially the fifth step, which takes a long time and is usually completed after class.
(4) Building an understanding moral education field An understanding moral education field refers to a school environment that promotes teachers and students to understand virtue by spreading morality, experiencing morality and practicing morality. Its basic point is to strengthen the moral experience link (that is, deep understanding) in school moral education, and turn morality as a means (regulating people's behavior) into morality with a unified means and purpose (morality becomes an end, that is, morality is people's accomplishment and a symbol of people's happiness); Let all teachers and students devote themselves to the construction of moral education field, make suggestions, experience moral norms personally, and pursue a more reasonable moral education mechanism.
The content of building a school moral education field is very rich, and the emphasis here is to build a school micro-moral experience field. The first step is to design jointly by teachers and students or independently by students. The process is as follows: define the experience that needs to be obtained (such as forming a sympathetic experience for workers in difficult positions), that is, the content of experience; Imagine the means to gain experience (make assumptions); Write an experience plan. The second step is to determine the participants and divide them into several groups according to the requirements of the experience scheme (students can also group voluntarily), and then each group designs the experience scheme in detail to achieve operability. The third step is to build physical facilities (if any, they can be used directly), including the layout of the site environment and the placement of equipment. The fourth step is to carry out experience activities in the venue, that is, to implement the experience plan, and the participants will talk about the experience according to the requirements of the activities. The fifth step is to write a written experience. The sixth step is reflection and improvement.
Micro-experience field usually includes intuitive experience field, imaginary experience field and rational experience field. Micro-experience field is a necessary supplement to the conventional moral field because of its small space, small number of people, short time and easy organization. Of course, it also has some shortcomings, such as strong simulation properties.
There are many motives for building a school moral education field, one of which is to encourage students to study and change the situation that underachievers are tired of learning and backward. The survey shows that no matter what kind of underachievers, even those with high IQ, good grades and irregular behavior may eventually hate learning (some don't really hate learning, but don't like studying at school). Because of endless criticism and punishment, they hate school and find reading boring. In view of this, understanding education adopts different strategies for teaching because students are tired of learning:
1. For those who dislike teachers and don't like scholars, use emotional strategies (the specific strategies are detailed in another article). 2. For scholars who are tired of poor performance, we should use the strategy of meritorious service. 3. For the blind and tired scholars, we use metaphor strategy. 4. For frail scholars, use inspirational strategies. For the scholar who is tired of family difficulties, we should use the strategy of eliminating worries. Of course, the complexity of learning weariness determines the diversity of transformation strategies, and we should take a multi-pronged approach. The basic discovery of understanding education for any of the above-mentioned learning weariness is that understanding is the resource and quality of education. Understanding is an educational resource, which means understanding is an effective means (tool) to educate people. If the cognitive, moral, emotional, practical and creative nature of understanding and its special nature of comprehensive understanding are fully developed, the rationality of educational practice will be further improved. Understanding is the quality of education, that is to say, accelerating the formation of people's understanding quality in education is the purpose of education. In other words, we can shape the quality of teachers and students in this respect, make them understand physics, be considerate, write and practice, and basically realize the educational goal. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the proportion of understanding in educational evaluation, so that education can truly become an education of understanding.
After analysis, this basic finding can be inferred as follows:
(A) teachers' comprehensive and profound understanding of education is the prerequisite for improving the quality of education. Teachers' reasonable understanding of education means to a great extent that they have formed their own educational concepts with certain rationality. The educational behavior guided by this concept is relatively easy to produce positive effects.
(2) A truly excellent teacher is a teacher who can teach even underachievers well (this is a continuum from low to high), while a teacher who only teaches excellent students can hardly become a truly excellent teacher.
(3) Self-misunderstanding is often more decadent than mutual misunderstanding. This means that the behavior motivation of the subject ultimately comes from the inside of the subject rather than the outside. Although mutual misunderstanding is an important cause of self-misunderstanding, fundamentally speaking, admitting or rejecting external misunderstanding is a manifestation of the subjective initiative. Losing the necessary initiative, from mutual misunderstanding to self-misunderstanding, is the fundamental reason for the weakness or failure of some teachers and students in reality.
(D) Underachievers are more eager for success than ordinary students. In reality, underachievers are often ignored by others or deprived of equal competition opportunities, and have almost no successful experience. So some of them seem to be indifferent to the world, but in fact they are more eager for performance and success than ordinary students.
(5) In transforming underachievers, the power of emotion is often greater than that of cognition. That is to say, for underachievers, it is better to influence them first than to reason first (practice has proved that reasoning has little influence on them).
(6) insatiable scholars are willing to learn. First, make him like the person who wants him to study. For underachievers, the personality charm of educators is often more touching than repeating the truth thousands of times.
(7) Any educational activities should be centered on students' real talents and practical learning, and be done in a down-to-earth manner, so that students can get benefits. This is especially true for cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability.
(8) To deeply understand the effective development of students' thinking (including creative thinking), it is necessary to unify implicit thinking and explicit thinking; Providing clues to inspire implicit thinking can make students suddenly enlightened, and let students grasp the regularity of innovation with the help of intuitive explicit methods, which is conducive to the continuous improvement of thinking level.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) major awards:
First Prize of Shanghai Excellent Textbook
Second prize of the 6th shanghai research on education.
Baosteel Excellent Teacher Award
National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Award
Six, the main social groups part-time:
Vice Chairman of the National Professional Committee on Teaching Theory and Director of China Educational Experimental Research Association.