Du Kewei: The Ministry of Education insists on the balanced development of compulsory education as an important measure to promote educational equity. Sign memorandums with provinces to promote the balanced allocation of resources, implement the rotation of principals and teachers, and expand the coverage of quality education resources. At present, 757 districts and counties in China have passed the certification of county supervision on the basic balanced development of compulsory education in China.
At the beginning, the Ministry of Education issued a document to deepen the enrollment reform of compulsory education and establish a scientific, clear and convenient enrollment system, focusing on 19 big cities. Over the past year, local policies have been put in place and work has been vigorously promoted. Beijing has made historic achievements, and all parts of the country have basically achieved entrance examination-free and standardized admission.
In August, the Ministry of Education issued "Management Standards for Compulsory Education Schools", which put forward 22 management tasks and 92 management requirements from six aspects: treating every student equally, promoting students' all-round development, leading teachers' professional development and improving the quality of education and teaching, marking that the management of compulsory education schools has entered a standardized, scientific and refined era.
Finally, the Ministry of Education issued the Dandelion Action Plan (20 15—20 17). Dandelion symbolizes flying freely and chasing dreams, and symbolizes students' infinite creativity in the flower season of seeking knowledge and exploring dreams. The plan scientifically designs and plans the off-campus education in the next three years from nine aspects: construction, allocation, management and use.
Li Tianshun, inspector of the Second Division of Basic Education, spoke.
Li Tianshun: Since the implementation of the second pre-school education action plan for one year, the gross enrollment rate in the three years before school has continued to grow rapidly. Various localities have introduced a series of policies and measures to increase the total resources and expand the coverage of public parks and inclusive private parks; Establish a reasonable cost sharing mechanism and strive to ensure operation; Improve the supervision and teaching research system and improve the quality of running the park.
The special education promotion program has achieved remarkable results in the past year. First of all, the number of disabled students in school has increased rapidly. Second, the average budget for public funds for special education schools has been raised from 2,000 yuan to more than 4,000 yuan, which basically guarantees the daily operation of special education schools. Third, the central special education subsidy has increased from 55 million to 4 1 10,000.
Finally, the Ministry of Education issued "Opinions on the Implementation of the Academic Level Examination in Ordinary Senior High Schools" and "Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Students in Ordinary Senior High Schools". These two documents are not only an important breakthrough and breakthrough point for the reform of the examination enrollment system, but also an important system construction for promoting quality education and realizing scientific talent selection.
The "green evaluation" index system of primary and secondary education quality introduced by the Ministry of Education not only pays attention to students' academic level, but also pays attention to moral development, physical and mental health, hobbies and so on. Pay attention to both learning effect and learning burden, and strive to reverse the tendency of evaluating the quality of education simply by scores and enrollment rate. Reform was initiated in 30 national pilot areas.
Question and answer area: the level of compulsory education in rural areas is still relatively weak. How can the state give more support to rural compulsory education?
Du Kewei: Balanced development is the strategic task of compulsory education, and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas is an important content of balanced development. The country mainly advances from the following aspects: First, establish a balanced development promotion mechanism and conduct evaluation and acceptance. The second is to clarify the relevant requirements in school planning and layout construction. The third is to increase investment and comprehensively improve the basic conditions for running weak schools in rural areas. The fourth is to strengthen the construction of rural teachers and improve their level. Fifth, improve the level of compulsory education for rural students.
Q: What measures does the Ministry of Education have to further expand public preschool resources?
Li Tianshun: Public parks really can't meet the needs of ordinary people. The second phase of the plan will continue to vigorously develop the park. First, increase government investment and speed up the construction of a number of parks in resource-poor areas. The second is to increase support and run well existing public resources such as state-owned enterprises and institutions and collective parks. The third is to do well the construction and management of supporting kindergartens in residential areas.
Q: What are the dicing schools? Are public, private, private and so on included? Can parents choose which school to attend for their children?
Du Kewei: Admission to the nearest school is the basic principle determined by the compulsory education law according to the nature of compulsory education and the physical and mental characteristics of children. Scribing is mainly a requirement of public schools. Private schools can independently determine the enrollment scope according to relevant laws and regulations, but they must abide by the regulations of local education administrative departments and fully consider the sleep and safety of students. Parents should choose rationally.
Q: It is said that the country has issued the "Special Education Promotion Plan". I wonder what impact this will have on the compilation of special education textbooks.
Li Tianshun: According to the requirements of the special education promotion plan, the Ministry of Education has started the evaluation of curriculum standards for special education schools on June 5438+ 10 this year. The Working Committee of Curriculum Textbooks Experts has completed the review of curriculum standards for deaf schools and will continue to review the curriculum standards for blind schools and mentally retarded schools. At the same time, the compilation of teaching materials for special education schools has also started simultaneously.
Q: It has been said on campus, but what should primary and secondary schools do?
Du Kewei: The Ministry of Education specially issued documents to clarify the work requirements, emphasizing the pertinence and effectiveness of cultivating and practicing core values in all aspects of education such as curriculum, practice, culture and management, and integrating core values into the whole process of primary and secondary education. We will hold an experience exchange meeting to commend a number of outstanding cases.
Q: It is said that the college entrance examination reform will cover all subjects of the high school level examination. Will it increase the burden on students?
Li Tianshun: Universal coverage is mainly to prevent serious partiality. In order to reduce the students' heavy burden as much as possible, except for the three subjects included in the total enrollment score of colleges and universities, other subjects are only required to be tested, which meets the basic teaching requirements stipulated by the state and has qualified results. Take the exam after each subject, disperse the preparation time and quantity, and reduce the pressure of centralized preparation.
Q: Now all students have electronic student status. Do all primary and secondary school students have?
Du Kewei: In order to improve the governance level of basic education, the Ministry of Education promotes the management of electronic student status for primary and secondary school students. By the end of this year, a national unified electronic student status has been established for 654.38+77 million primary and secondary school students, and one person, one number has been achieved. At present, all primary and secondary school students attending schools approved by government departments should have electronic student status. Parents are advised to learn from school.
Q: This college entrance examination reform needs to evaluate the comprehensive quality of senior high school students, which may be subjective. How to ensure its objectivity and fairness?
Li Tianshun: The document stipulates that comprehensive quality materials are a true record of students' activities during their growth. The materials used for enrollment should be publicized and reviewed to ensure authenticity and credibility. In the use of colleges and universities, it is necessary to formulate a scientific evaluation system and methods, organize teachers' collective evaluation, and evaluate objectively to ensure fair and just evaluation.
Q: How to solve the problem of school-age special children in the western region?
Li Tianshun: We will focus on solving the problem of compulsory education for school-age disabled children and adolescents who are not enrolled in school, and strive to achieve full coverage and zero rejection through various forms such as regular schooling, regular schooling for special education, and door-to-door delivery.
Q: I heard that there will be a "green assessment" for primary and secondary schools. What are the main contents?
Li Tianshun: Green evaluation indicators include 20 key indicators in five aspects: students' moral development level, academic development level, physical and mental development level, interest specialty cultivation and academic burden. They strive to refine and concretize the requirements of the party's educational policy, and at the same time, focus on the outstanding problems and weak links in education, and pay attention to comprehensively examining the development of students.
Q: In recent years, the salaries of teachers and temporary teachers have increased, and the quality of education in ordinary schools is still at a low level. Otherwise, why do you want to buy a house in a prestigious school campus to strive for a good learning environment for your children? Can education equity really be achieved in the future?
Du Kewei: Educational equity is the foundation of social equity, and equity is the basic value orientation of compulsory education. Balanced development is a strategic measure to ensure the fairness of compulsory education. Balance not only refers to the basic conditions of running a school, but also includes teachers, students, management and quality, which requires a multi-pronged approach to address both the symptoms and the root causes. The balance is relative, and the key is to form a good educational ecology, so that good schools have a direction, ordinary schools have goals, and weak schools have motivation. Balanced development has become a reality in many places.
Q: It is difficult to teach children in some kindergartens. What should kindergarten teach? Are there any regulations in the country?
Li Tianshun: Children's learning is based on direct experience and is carried out in games and daily life. In order to help teachers and parents ensure education scientifically, the Ministry of Education issued the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6 on 20 12, which provides concrete and operable guidance for children aged 3-6 to learn and how to learn, and for kindergarten teachers and parents to teach and how to teach.
Q: I have been talking about reducing the burden for years, but I feel that the burden on students is quite heavy. what do you think?
Du Kewei: The Ministry of Education insists on treating both the symptoms and the root causes, and has carried out the "reducing the burden by thousands of miles" activity for two consecutive seasons, carried out inspection and supervision in 18 province, investigated and dealt with a number of illegal school-running behaviors, and monitored the academic burden of students. At the same time, accelerate the balanced development of compulsory education, deepen the comprehensive reform of entrance examination system, evaluation mechanism, curriculum materials and teaching, and strengthen the construction of teachers. Reducing the burden also requires the joint efforts of parents and society.
Q: Children's personality is more influenced by family education, but when students have problems, society and parents only care about the accountability of teachers. Excuse me, are there any special family education laws and regulations in China?
Du Kewei: I agree with you very much. Family education plays an irreplaceable role in children's growth. School education can't replace family education, and the care of teachers can't replace the affection of parents. The Law on the Protection of Minors clarifies the guardianship duties of parents (guardians), which need to be better implemented to ensure the safe and healthy growth of minors.
Conclusion: Li Tianshun thanked you for paying attention to the reform and development of high school education, special education, preschool education and the curriculum reform of basic education. We will carefully study your opinions and suggestions, further improve our work, improve policies and measures, deepen reform, promote fairness and improve quality. Du Kewei said that compulsory education involves everyone, and the state, government, schools, teachers, students, parents and society all have corresponding obligations. Let's work together to develop in a balanced way, improve the quality and create a good environment for the healthy growth of every student in accordance with the requirements of comprehensively deepening reform and comprehensively administering education according to law. Thank you for your concern, support and participation!
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