Based on the comprehensive understanding and analysis of higher vocational education and the talent training mode of higher vocational education, this paper makes an in-depth study of the talent training mode of higher vocational education: first, on the basis of grasping the overall connotation of higher vocational education development and reform in the new period, it discusses the ideas that higher vocational education should grasp in the new period; Secondly, it studies the historical evolution, present situation, types and typical cases of the talent training mode of higher vocational education in China, and on this basis, it discusses the main problems existing in the talent training mode of higher vocational education in China; Thirdly, while carrying out the above research, this paper makes a comparative study of several typical international vocational education talent training models, summarizes and analyzes their similarities and differences, and puts forward the development trend of foreign higher vocational education talent training models; Fourthly, the trend of China's economic, social and scientific development in the new period is further analyzed, and the demand of China's economic and social development for higher vocational education talents and talents' quality in the new period is discussed. Sixth, it further puts forward the countermeasures to speed up the reform and construction of talent training mode in higher vocational education in the new period.