Wang Tao, high flyers, majoring in electronic information engineering in a well-known university in Beijing two years ago, is both the monitor of this class and the president of the Student Union. Teachers and departments have high hopes for this excellent student. However, after her freshman year, Wang Tao dropped out of school without warning. After dropping out of school, Wang Tao didn't find a job or start a business. Instead, I went back to the high school where I studied to prepare for the college entrance examination and chose liberal arts. The decision to abandon theory and follow literature surprised teachers and parents. Everyone wants to ask Wang Tao "why". Today, Wang Tao is a freshman majoring in radio and television news.
The reasons for dropping out of school, re-taking the college entrance examination and abandoning science and literature are that students lack the consciousness of career planning, make blind decisions or fail to follow their own characteristics. Career education has developed well abroad. Vocational education is lifelong education. From a few years old, guide children to consciously explore and plan their career.
However, how to carry out career education?
First, the career education system-to build a three-dimensional career education framework
Carrying out career education is a long-term process and an all-round process. Vocational education can't be achieved by giving students a few lessons about old-fashioned persuasion. Therefore, it is very important for vocational education to follow what kind of teaching mode.
For more than ten years, the author has been engaged in vocational education and communication, worked as a career planning lecturer in several high schools, and trained more than 1000 career planning teachers. During many years of career education and the development of the first computer-aided career exploration system in China, the author has summed up the following experiences: the career education model in senior high school, with the computer-aided career exploration system as the core, career awareness enlightenment, career exploration and career decision as the center, and courses, activities, consultation, counseling and projects as the auxiliary, has greatly improved the effect of career education.
First of all, career education aided by computer system can deeply understand students' self-awareness and analyze students' interests, advantages, disadvantages and personality characteristics. Career education based on high self-awareness can provide objective reference for career decision-making. Moreover, through the computer-aided career exploration system, students can explore the outside world more widely, learn about the strong majors, related courses, professional characteristics of related majors, employment requirements of various occupations and other information in most domestic universities, and find their interested majors and occupations more quickly and accurately.
Secondly, this educational model follows the educational law of career education, and the enlightenment of career consciousness lies in guiding students to closely link their future development with their current study and life, and to think about current decisions from the perspective of life; Career exploration includes self-exploration and external exploration. Self-exploration guides students to fully understand their own characteristics, and external exploration guides students to have a deeper understanding of the external society. Career decision-making is to make career commitments and take actions to prepare for your career on the basis of self-cognition and external cognition.
Under this mode of career education, the phased goals of career education around the "three basic points" are more clear, and the career education carried out under these goals is more targeted.
Second, career enlightenment-stimulate learning motivation
Too many temptations from the outside world and students' lack of interest in learning are thorny problems faced by many teachers at present. Many data at home and abroad show that life goals play a very important role in students' learning. Students with goals in life are not only more motivated to learn, but also tend to learn better than those without goals.
However, how can we outline life goals for students?
Huang Hai, a senior one (grade three) student in the middle school attached to Beijing Normal University, is smart and has potential, but his study has been in a state of relaxation. Not only did I not listen carefully in class, but my homework was not completed on time, and my grades continued to decline. It is useless for parents and teachers to ring alarm bells in their ears every day, but excessive urging has aroused his resistance. A conversation between him and Mr. Chen, the class teacher, expressed his heart: I won't worry about my future life anyway. Why should I study these boring and useless knowledge hard?
Wang Xiaojing, a psychology teacher in the middle school attached to Beijing Normal University, made an in-depth analysis after realizing this common problem. Wang Xiaojing believes that helping students clearly understand themselves, the relationship between current study and future life development, stimulating students' interest and motivation in learning, setting life goals in combination with their own advantages and disadvantages, and defining long-term and short-term study plans are the key to solving students' lack of motivation in learning.
When solving the "problems" in the Yellow Sea, Wang Xiaojing highlighted two contents: the enlightenment of professional consciousness and the promotion of self-consciousness. The purpose of career awareness enlightenment is to guide students to look at current learning from the perspective of life development; Self-awareness helps students to know what I like, what I am suitable for, what I want and so on. Let students know their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and improve accordingly.
Finding the solution path, Wang Xiaojing began to think about the solution, and Wang Xiaojing initiated various experience activities:
1. Help students fully understand their interests, values, abilities and other characteristics through the evaluation part and detailed report interpretation of CareerSky senior high school computer-aided career exploration system; Using systematic career information to arouse students' professional awareness, combined with systematic recommendation of majors and related occupations, students' characteristics are initially linked with their future studies and careers.
2. Guide students to understand the process of their career development through the pie chart of career roles and the rainbow chart of career, and inspire students to realize that high school is an important foundation for people's life development.
3. In the subsequent career fantasy trip, Mr. Wang inspired students to think about their future careers according to their own advantages and characteristics, so as to contact the current study and life reality and encourage students to struggle for the ideal life in the future.
After exploring the career planning course, Wang Xiaojing found that through a series of courses and activities, students can not only learn more about themselves, but also stimulate their learning motivation and change their learning attitude. Many students' learning attitude has changed greatly, and their learning quality has made a qualitative leap. They have expressed their responsibility for their own lives.
Third, career exploration-a new course to achieve the future
In junior and senior high schools, students' understanding of the outside world is very poor. How many occupations exist in society, what skills each occupation needs, what requirements are there for employees, and what is the relationship between majors and courses and occupations? Know yourself and know yourself, and you will win every battle. Only by combining self-cognition with external cognition can students better plan their career and help them make decisions.
However, like many teachers, teachers in Suzhou Middle School Park in Jiangsu Province are also faced with the puzzle of how to help students make better decisions: how to choose liberal arts subjects? What do you study in elective courses? What does social practice practice? How should students choose between further studies and going abroad? ..... He, a psychology teacher at Suzhou Middle School Park School, hopes that through step-by-step and focused activities, he can help students eliminate confusion and promote students to explore the future development direction.
where am I going? What kind of person do I want to be? This is just related to the career exploration of vocational education. In vocational education, based on profound self-exploration, guiding students to explore the outside world is another key point. Exploring the outside world can help students understand the qualifications and abilities required for various occupations, the general learning contents of different majors and disciplines in universities, and the relationship between majors and occupations. And help students to define their own development direction and start preparing for career decision.
How can we let students know all kinds of information outside the campus? He Laoshi thought it over and over again, and finally determined the teaching ideas:
1. Interview with professional figures: First, let students search for their interested occupations from the career information part of CareerSky system to understand the basic situation of occupations and the requirements for people. Then, ask the students to choose a practitioner, interview the occupation they are interested in, understand their professional status and requirements, and promote the students to conduct in-depth and detailed exploration in their recognized professional fields through this activity.
2. Exploration of professional environment: Senior One and Senior Two also hired students' parents and social members to become school teacher occupation, invited them to come to the school to tell students career development stories, provided workplaces for students to visit, and sublimated their understanding of the professional world.
3. Career system information guidance: Senior three specially arranges square consultation, voluntary counseling and other activities, and uses the professional information, school information and voluntary selection process of CareerSky system to help students understand their favorite majors and schools, and make a choice after careful comparison and verification.
4. Professional practice: through community activities (such as astronomical society, etc.). ), social practice, research-based learning and other ways to promote students' exploration of the professional world, promote students' understanding of the professional world, and stimulate students' motivation for the future.
The exploration of the outside world has deepened students' understanding of careers and majors, and combined the future target career requirements with the current course selection, subject selection, major selection and school selection, forming a smooth road of life development. This series of career education has been recognized by the higher education authorities and won the award of "Top Ten Innovative Cases of Moral Education in Suzhou Primary and Secondary Schools in 2008", which has aroused great repercussions in the local society.
Fourth, career decision-making-the choice of sublimation "crossroads"
People's career development is composed of one career decision after another. On the basis of self-awareness and exploration of the outside world, career decision-making answers "How do I get there?" .
Chen Xuan, a teacher from Beijing dongzhimen middle school, is an experienced psychology teacher. After each division of arts and sciences, she always gets help from many students:
Li Nan did better in liberal arts than in science. However, because the enrollment rate of science in the school is relatively high, I chose science without much thinking. But after entering the science class for a month, he found it hard to learn and wanted to transfer to the liberal arts class.
Faye Wong stayed in the liberal arts class without much consideration when he was divided into arts and sciences, and his grades were good. However, when she found that her favorite psychology major (a better school) only recruited science students, she suddenly felt at a loss.
The division of arts and sciences is the first major career choice faced by high school students. How to help students make decisions smoothly has become a concern of school teachers. Teacher Chen Xuan has done detailed counseling work in this year's senior three liberal arts subjects:
Career enlightenment: Using CareerSky system, vocational counseling courses are offered in senior one to help students have a basic exploration and understanding of themselves and a preliminary understanding of the external professional world.
1. Division of Arts and Sciences: After learning the basic information of the division of arts and sciences in CareerSky system, class teachers are required to organize a debate contest with the theme of "Arts is better than science or science is better than liberal arts" by using the class meeting time. Through this activity, students' understanding of arts and sciences, their requirements for learning, and their majors and admissions for further studies were clarified.
2. Characteristic evaluation: organize students to use CareerSky system to evaluate their interests and abilities, and guide students how to read their evaluation reports through large-scale grade lectures, and teach students to choose arts and sciences by using balanced list decision-making methods.
3. Omitted)
Editor/Yu Hong Final School/Reconciliation