(1) What are the strategic objectives and priorities of population affecting the development of education?
The strategic goal of education development not only depends on certain social and economic conditions, but also is closely related to the social population constraints and the expected population growth rate. If the population growth rate is fast, in order to ensure that every school-age population has the opportunity to receive education, the strategic focus of education development must be on the development of education "quantity".
If the enrollment rate is improved, we should focus on expanding teachers, school buildings, finance and other material aspects. In areas with zero or negative population growth, the focus of education strategy should be to improve the quality of education.
In the 1990s, the top priority of China's education development was "basically popularizing nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminating illiteracy among young people", which was established in consideration of the basic characteristics of China's large population and low quality. After entering the 2 1 century, while continuing to ensure the popularization and scale expansion of education, China education has put forward the strategic focus of improving quality, upgrading connotation and promoting fairness.
(2) Population restricts the scale, speed and funds of education development?
Population is an important factor in determining the demand for education. In ancient society, population reproduction was a type of high birth rate, high mortality rate and low growth rate. At this time, the number of people receiving school education was limited, and the right to education was basically monopolized by the ruling class.
After the industrial revolution, population reproduction is a type of high birth rate, low death rate and high growth rate. This phenomenon first appeared in European countries in capitalist society and entered most developing countries around the 1960s. At this time, the scale of education has expanded rapidly, the development speed has increased rapidly, school education has been gradually popularized, and the number of years of compulsory education has been continuously extended.
At the end of the 20th century, low birth rate, low mortality rate and low population reproduction growth rate began to appear in developed countries. Therefore, the focus of education development in these countries is not the expansion of quantity, but the improvement of quality. Continuing education and lifelong education have developed rapidly.
(3) Does the quality of population affect the quality of education?
The direct influence of population quality on education quality refers to the total influence of students' current level on education quality, and the indirect influence refers to the influence of the quality of the older generation on the quality of the new generation, thus affecting the education quality of schools aiming at the new generation.
The improvement of population quality will inevitably put forward higher requirements for education, such as expanding the scale of education, promoting the fairness of educational opportunities and improving the level of education. Universal social requirements will inevitably turn into government actions, so "running a satisfactory education for the people" has become an important responsibility of governments and schools at all levels in the new period.
(d) The influence of population structure on the educational structure?
Population structure includes natural structure and social structure. The natural structure of population refers to the gender and age composition of the population. The social structure of population includes employment structure, distribution structure and population mobility trend, which will have an impact on the structure of education, that is, the proportion of education at all levels, the regional layout and development direction of schools.
1. The geographical distribution of population has obvious influence on education, with high population density, dense school layout and relatively developed education; If the population density is too sparse, there will often be unreasonable school layout, too few schools and low utilization rate of educational resources, which will affect the development of education in this area.
2. The impact of population mobility on education In society, the population is in a state of mobility, and there are many kinds of population mobility: between urban and rural areas, from poor areas to developed areas, and from underdeveloped countries to developed countries. This kind of mobility affects the scale of education, the difference of education between regions, the formulation of goals, the cultivation of talents, the choice of structure and the education of immigrants.
In recent years, the floating population in China has also raised new issues for education, and the education of left-behind children and floating children is one of the important aspects.