Knowledge and education
The concept of knowledge is the most important concept in the field of philosophical epistemology. Plato believes that knowledge must meet three conditions and must be verified, correct and believed by people. Education refers to the rules that a person should learn from an early age and the respectful attitude towards people and things. If people are not educated, it is the dereliction of duty of parents and teachers. Many times, I think there is some inevitable relationship between knowledge and education. Slowly, I think maybe the relationship is not as close as I thought. Just like being rich and expensive, the rich are not necessarily noble.
The hospital waiting room is showing Journey to the West. Everyone is watching. A mother with glasses and a child aged 7 or 8 are also watching. The mother kept telling stories to her children loudly, and the children answered him loudly. The mother with glasses seems to be familiar with The Journey to the West and has a lot of knowledge in this field. However, she is like nobody's business, completely ignoring the feelings of others, and her children naturally don't know the basic etiquette of keeping silent in public. Her knowledge and upbringing do not match at all.
In the street, a mother led the child, and the child threw the empty plastic bottle on the ground, not far from the trash can. The young mother said to the child, "How to throw it?" And then took the child away! The mother knows manners. She thinks it's wrong for her children to throw things about. However, without action, she left with a faint word. How to cultivate children's upbringing?
Every time I see such parents and such teachers, I am desperate. I hope I don't often meet such parents and such teachers.
Reflection on our education, whether it is school education or family education, does it pay too much attention to the acquisition of knowledge and ignore the generation of education? There is a lack of respect when dealing with people and things, including respect for human beings themselves, respect for the environment in which human beings live, and respect for animals and plants.
The difference and connection between self-restraint and upbringing
What is upbringing? The dictionary says that education is "the cultivation of culture and morality", and some data also say that education is "the excellent quality and habit formed by education".
In my own opinion, every place and every class has established rules. When rules become cultural symbols, it is called education. Education is meaner to people than wealth. Because wealth can be inherited, but education cannot be transferred; Wealth can break out, but education will not have an epiphany.
However, education and wealth have something in common, which requires evidence. If you say you have money, you have to show proof of assets.
The evidence of education is not learning to become rich, powerful or rich. No matter how many books you have read, how many boastful articles you have written, no matter how prominent your family background is, no matter how high your official position is, no matter how many assets you have, no matter how skilled you are in using knives and forks and wearing evening dresses ... this is not real education, but just some bubbles on the surface of education. Education is not innate.
If a child is not taught good habits and related knowledge, he must be ignorant and shallow. Of course, this "teaching" is in a broad sense, not only referring to teachers, but also including parents' words and deeds and environment.
However, a person may be educated, but not necessarily educated. It depends on his absorption of "teaching". However, it seems that this statement cannot be reversed-a person can get a good education without a systematic education.
Speaking of the evidence of education, I think it can roughly include the following aspects: loving nature is the first evidence of people's education, because a person who doesn't know how to fear nature and how small human beings are will be a frog in the well, which is a thousand miles away from education. This may not be his fault, because without education, it is difficult for a person to spontaneously understand the vastness of the universe and the meager human beings.
Without the corresponding knowledge of natural science, people are doomed to be blind and arrogant except ignorance and narrowness. Educating children to love flowers and plants from an early age is the most basic training for this great feeling.
If you see an adult climbing a tree savagely, people usually make a judgment without hesitation-this person is too uneducated. It can be seen that education and green are closely linked.
People who know how to live in harmony with nature and care for silent plants may, by extension, love animals and their own kind more. Being able to freely use the common language, express one's heart, communicate harmoniously with others, and be able to express it properly in words should be the second evidence of an educated person.
By common language, I mean everyone's language-a clean and bright language that ordinary people and intellectuals can understand, not a narrow vernacular slang or a professional language in a specific situation. This requirement is not to gild the lily. In this competitive era of Qian Fan, too many people can only speak the language in their industry, only the language that machines and instruments can understand, but they don't know how to communicate with people intimately.
This is not criticism, but an irrefutable fact. Harmonious communication skills or speaking skills with people, especially strangers, are usually not spontaneous, but acquired through study and practice.
An uneducated person has a limited and poor vocabulary. Besides describing his physical feelings, such as hunger, thirst, sleep and reproductive desire, they are very vague about their inner feelings, because those words describing their inner feelings are usually abstract and longer than competition. Without learning and skills, it is difficult to express clearly and appropriately, and even some extreme hurtful words appear.
Those who have a skill, but can't use the sacred medium of public language to communicate and interpret their hearts well can hardly be regarded as educated people. Technology is used to make a living, and it is not enough to have the ability to make a living. Just like a jackal will spontaneously feed, this is an instinct that can be mastered with little education.
And people, no doubt, should be better than jackals. A correct understanding of history and knowing how tortuous we have traveled are the third evidence of people's education.
It is true that education cannot make everyone as knowledgeable as a historian, but education can let a thoughtful person know where we come from and where we are going. Through history, education enables us to live not only in the present, but also in the past and the future, just like living in a rushing river and knowing the direction of spring and the ocean.
In addition to the immediate things, gains and losses, he can't help thinking about his lofty goals, which is the fourth evidence that people are educated. Education expands people's attention and becomes grand and bright.
Everyone has a moment to sink into the dark canyon. When you trudge and climb, although you are scarred, because of your education, you know that time is flowing, and you know that time is temporary and permanent. I believe that in a distant place, there must be an exit from the canyon, where the waterfall is roaring. A cordial understanding and care for one's body (especially women) is the fifth evidence of a well-educated person.
Know their unique and clear names, understand that they are exquisite and clean, and every part of the body has irreplaceable functions, and there is no distinction between high and low. He knows that his happiness and satisfaction are largely based on these sensitive senses and sound integrity.
He also knows that there is no doubt that his brain is the master of his body. He won't let his organs restrain his actions. He is sober and in control.
He respects others' bodies as well as his own. While respecting our own rights, we also respect the rights of others.
While galloping on the steed of self-will, we also carefully safeguard the grass of others. Full of respect, awe and admiration for loyalty, courage, trust, diligence, mutual assistance, self-sacrifice, fearlessness in times of crisis, perseverance and perseverance, this is the sixth evidence of human education.
Not everyone can practice, but they know how to love and praise. People can't be timid and lazy, but he can't disguise these bad habits as moral integrity, and he can't vilify them all because he can't be noble.
The relationship between quality and education
Quality is a comprehensive embodiment of a person's acquired physical, psychological or behavioral development and accumulation. Quality is relative to demand. If two people are simply put together to compare their qualities, it depends on which aspect they are comparing. ! Doctors and farmers don't know who is good at physical fitness. I don't know who is better, the artist or party member's political quality. Now everyone is always talking about quality, which may all mean professional quality. It depends on the characteristics of the occupation type. For example, if a manager who is very good at encouraging and communicating in an enterprise is compared with an ordinary security worker, the former may not be as good as the latter in terms of security work. Education generally refers to the influence of a person's growing environment on his morality, values, beliefs, social behavior, being a man and doing things. , does not represent the degree of knowledge mastery. I think education may belong to one aspect of quality.
What is the relationship between knowledge and cultural literacy and ideological and moral literacy?
(1) Understand the causes of moral conflicts and know the important ways to solve them. ② Understand the relationship between cultural knowledge cultivation and ideological and moral cultivation. ③ Understand the fundamental significance of strengthening knowledge and cultural accomplishment. (4) Clear the way for pursuing higher ideological and moral goals. (1) Situational teaching method, which uses multimedia teaching methods to show ideological and moral conflicts in life through pictures and videos. (2) Heuristic teaching to inspire students to think about how to judge and choose moral conflicts. ③ Students learn by themselves, read by themselves, list, discuss and summarize.
Emotional attitude and values ① Improve students' ability to judge right and wrong in the face of moral conflicts in life. Pursuing moral life is not a painful choice, but a process of self-pleasure.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Focus: the relationship between ideological and moral cultivation and knowledge and culture cultivation
Difficulties: Causes of Moral Conflicts