Carrying out the summary of highway professional and technical work can make relevant personnel constantly reflect on the work situation and ensure safe production. The summary of highway professional technical work is what I want to share with you. Welcome to browse.
I have been engaged in the maintenance and management of highway engineering machinery since I was appointed as an assistant engineer. He has served as vice captain, captain, deputy section chief and section chief of the mechanical team of the Highway Bureau, and is now the deputy director of the Highway Bureau. Over the past few years, I have been based on my job, conscientious and hard-working. Around the new requirements of highway engineering for mechanization under the new situation, some work has been done in locomotive management, mechanized construction organization, safe production, construction machinery financing and so on, with demand as the premise, high utilization rate as the standard and maximum benefit as the goal.
First, develop and innovate, and do a good job in comprehensive management of mechanical equipment. With the development of economy and the expansion of highway construction scale, the mechanization degree of engineering construction has become the key to ensure the quality and progress of the project, and the quantity and technical content of mechanical equipment have greatly increased, which puts forward new requirements for maintenance management. In recent years, I have correctly selected the law of mechanical operation and the law of market economy, and combined with the actual situation of our unit, I have carried out serious exploration and practice. From focusing only on the technical management and physical form management of equipment, I have changed into a management mode that combines ideological value form with physical form, pays attention to economic benefits and work benefits, and serves to improve the economic benefits of our unit. Based on the principle of managing objectively and invigorating microscopically, a new system integrating use, maintenance, repair and management has been formed.
(1) Equipment purchase In recent years, with the improvement of the mechanization of engineering construction, higher requirements have been put forward for the purchase of equipment. In the process of purchasing equipment, I follow two principles: First, before purchasing equipment, I conduct necessary technical and economic demonstration, fully understand the mechanical performance, reliability, product quality, production capacity and engineering application scope of the equipment, and investigate the necessity of purchasing equipment and predict the cost in combination with the market situation and the actual situation of our unit. Master different quotations of the same equipment and shop around to make the investment reasonable.
Second, fully consider the production situation and equipment development when purchasing equipment. For example, when our bureau purchased the plant-mixed equipment of stabilized soil in 2000, according to the needs of the project at that time, purchasing the plant-mixed equipment of 300 tons/hour could meet the use requirements. However, considering that the demand for the output and quality of plant mixing equipment is getting higher and higher in the future highway construction, it is suggested to purchase the most advanced computer metering WCQ500 subgrade material mixing station at that time to meet the requirements of material weighing, material grading and output in the future high-grade highway. At present, the total assets of machinery and equipment in our bureau have reached more than 40 million yuan, more than 30 times that of 10 years ago. Equipped with Jackie Chan, it has advanced performance and is fully capable of undertaking high-grade highway construction. Over the past few years, I have participated in and presided over the survey, selection, procurement, installation and debugging of all large-scale mechanical equipment in my unit, and the success rate of one trial operation reached 100%.
(II) Use of Equipment The correct and reasonable use of mechanical equipment is the main content of equipment management, the guarantee of completing the mechanized construction task, and the key to reducing mechanical wear and tear, prolonging the service life of machinery, reducing the operation and maintenance cost of machinery and improving economic benefits. In the use of management, I adhere to the principle of man-machine fixation, have you done it? Polishing? That is, one person, one machine and one post responsibility system, and the captain responsibility system is implemented for large machines with more than one person. Mechanical operators are required to know four things about machinery: structure, performance, principle and use, and three skills: operation, maintenance and troubleshooting. When operating machinery, do not overtemperature, overpressure, overspeed and overload. At the same time, the machinery on the construction site is dynamically monitored and maintained. Operators are required to obey the command of construction management personnel, operate correctly, use according to regulations, respect science, give full play to mechanical efficiency, ensure the quality of operation and do a good job in construction cooperation. The operator has the right to refuse the instruction that the construction personnel violate the safety operation rules and may cause dangerous accidents. Need mechanical site management personnel? Are there four people at the scene? That is, there are mechanical management, mechanical inspection, mechanical work coordination and mechanical fault handling, so that mechanical management can be carried out horizontally and vertically. At the same time, the mechanical supervision system is implemented, and the mechanical supervisors go deep into the construction site to supervise the correct use, maintenance and repair of mechanical equipment by operators and maintenance personnel. So as to ensure the correct and reasonable use of machinery and construction quality. While doing well the technical management of equipment, we have strengthened the economic management of equipment, insisting on taking the economic benefit management of equipment as the center and taking the comprehensive benefit rate as the highest goal. The mechanical team implements independent accounting, is responsible for its own profits and losses, and formulates the annual payment amount according to the value of the equipment assets it owns. The mechanical team implements a single-machine and single-vehicle accounting system, with cost, workload, mechanical technical status and surplus as the main assessment indicators, directly linked to wage distribution, and implements a structural wage system of paying according to work. Single-machine and single-vehicle economic accounting method overcomes many disadvantages of unbalanced income and expenditure, incomplete responsibility and poor performance of each machine in the overall economic accounting of small units, and makes the income and expenditure of each machine detailed, thus measuring economic benefits and assessing the work performance of driving operators. Through the implementation of bicycle accounting, give full play to the professional advantages of talents, technology and management, improve the utilization rate of equipment, mobilize the enthusiasm of driving operators, and encourage operators to be multi-functional and strive for perfection. Follow? What's the difference between inside and outside? Based on the principle of "internal rent system and external rent system", actively explore the internal and external markets, and actively rent out equipment on the premise of ensuring internal construction tasks. Rent a machine and make a profit from it? A new way. According to the actual situation of the unit, I found out the relevant regulations, formulated the internal machine-team expense quota, the external machine-team expense quota, the detailed rules for rent accounting management and the detailed rules for lease contract management, and drew the dynamic distribution map of equipment lease and the economic distribution map of lease. Give some concessions to people with long leases, and adjust the rental price in time with the market to make themselves invincible. In recent years, the equipment utilization rate of our bureau has remained above 65%, the effective utilization rate of equipment has been above 90%, and the accumulated external rental income has exceeded 4 million yuan. (3) Maintenance, repair and transformation of equipment. Good maintenance is the key to prolong the service life of machinery. I realize tradition in practice? Regular maintenance, mandatory maintenance? The system has many shortcomings, the key point is that it does not pay attention to the economic effect of daily maintenance. Therefore, we actively explore new warranty models and gradually establish them. Condition monitoring, mandatory maintenance and condition maintenance? A new model of. The daily maintenance work before, during and after work was strengthened, and the reward and punishment system for daily maintenance status was implemented. Equipment maintenance personnel have implemented the piecework wage system and the responsibility system for maintenance quality. Regularly organize personnel to monitor the equipment status and maintain it as appropriate. And actively explore new maintenance methods. For example, a T-230 bulldozer purchased in 2000 uses Cummins NT-855 engine cylinder liner, which needs to be replaced every six months due to cavitation. I advocate the transposition method of parts, and rotate the cylinder liner by 90 after running for a period of time. Reinstallation effectively prolongs the service life. After adopting the new warranty mode, the annual maintenance cost of our bureau decreased by 15%-45% and the failure rate decreased by 65%, which greatly improved the mechanical integrity rate and prolonged the service life of the machinery. During this period, I presided over or directed more than 20 major equipment overhauls, including 4 major technical transformations. Firstly, in 1995, the dust removal part and combustion part of the asphalt mixer produced by Xi 'an were reformed. On the basis of cyclone dust removal, a water dust removal system is installed, and diesel oil is used instead of heavy oil combustion, which not only saves oil consumption, but also solves the problem of dust pollution to the environment. If the utilization rate is 60%, it can save 50,000-60,000 a year. The second is to repair and transform the Texas-made 14/ 16-ton road roller eliminated by the Municipal Highway Bureau nearly 10 years ago, and change the steering lever to steering wheel, and change the mechanical steering to full hydraulic steering, saving more than RMB180,000. So far, it has been used well and compared with the original factory. 3. 1997 participated in the transformation test of the metering system of Parker-M356 asphalt mixer. The electric signal is directly led out from the circuit behind the signal amplifier, and then enters the PLC (programmable controller) through the proportional circuit. In this way, the digital-to-analog ratio can be easily adjusted by hardware. After the transformation, the system can store all kinds of aggregates, asphalt and powder in each tank by classification. When there is waste, it can automatically alarm. Prevent waste materials from entering the finished product warehouse and ensure the quality of discharge. The system is running well at present. Fourthly, in 1998, the WCQ200 stabilized soil plant mixing equipment produced by Shandong Construction Machinery Factory was reformed, the motor of the mixing tank was added, and the feeding system was reformed, so that the output of the equipment was increased from 200t/h to 300 t/h. At the same time, the powder metering method was changed to spiral weighing method, and it directly entered the mixing tank, which made the measurement more accurate and allowed the equipment to be used on grade highways. Roger that.
(IV) Maintenance statistics Maintenance statistics is a record that runs through the whole process of mechanical equipment from procurement to scrapping. In our work, we carefully collect all kinds of original materials, do a good job in establishing accounts and cards for equipment, and make complete records of equipment handover, use, maintenance, major and medium-sized repair records, depreciation expense records, tire replacement records and mechanical operation records. Statistical accounting enables us to master the management and use of all mechanical equipment, and provides a basis for assessing the technical performance and benefits of mechanical equipment. By summarizing, analyzing and summarizing the collected data, the problems and deficiencies in equipment management can be found in time, providing scientific basis for management decision-making. Thereby improving the intact rate and utilization rate of mechanical equipment, and further improving the investment benefit of mechanical equipment.
(5) Do a good job in training and strive to improve the technical quality of mechanical employees. Whether the mechanical equipment is used correctly or not directly affects the service life of the equipment, and at the same time affects the progress and quality of the project, thus affecting the investment benefit of the equipment and the economic benefit of the project construction. Improving the quality of machinery managers and equipment operators is the key to manage and use equipment well. In practice, first of all, strict rules and regulations and reward and punishment systems are formulated to manage operators reasonably and effectively, improve the labor enthusiasm of each operator and stimulate their full labor enthusiasm. Secondly, the quality education and professional training of employees have been strengthened. In terms of personnel quality, ideological and professional ethics education has been carried out, which has enhanced the sense of professionalism, responsibility and dedication. In terms of business training, in recent years, technical training has been provided to mechanical managers, maintenance personnel and operators in stages. One is to go deep into the construction site and teach operators the correct use and daily maintenance knowledge of equipment anytime and anywhere. In view of the operators' considerable perceptual knowledge of machinery, during the training, I don't give empty lectures, but take facts as facts, deepen the operators' understanding with on-site demonstrations of use and maintenance, and let the operators carry out scientific construction work on the premise of maintaining machinery. Second, in the off-season of construction, systematic training for mechanical employees is planned and organized. The focus of the training is to learn all kinds of mechanical knowledge, including mechanical structure, hydraulic and hydraulic transmission, electrical wiring, etc. Through learning, they have a rational understanding of the structure and principle of mechanical equipment, so as to further deepen their understanding and deepening in practice, while constantly accepting new knowledge and adapting to the application and development of new technologies, new materials and new processes. Third, the training of repairmen has been strengthened, and repairmen with high comprehensive quality have been actively sent to equipment manufacturers and large repair shops for theoretical and practical study, so as to improve their professional and technical level and meet the needs of technical upgrading of mechanical equipment. In recent years, I not only participated in the on-the-job postgraduate study in Changsha Jiaotong University, but also held eight training courses, training more than 400 mechanical practitioners.
Chapter II: Overview of Highway Professional and Technical Work I. Overview of Supervision Work
The supervision projects undertaken by the supervision office of Ye Jing Construction Project Management Company, the fourth resident of Qinglai Expressway, include fj 15~fj 19, SB01~ SB1,dja, djb, Fine Decoration 07 and Fine Decoration 08, totaling 20. Our supervision organization adopts the straight-line management mode, and sets up the resident supervision office. The resident engineer performs the supervision contract on behalf of the company, and the supervision office is equipped with three sub-stations to assist the resident work.
According to the contract requirements, Wang Zhaojun, the engineer stationed in our supervision office, is responsible for the supervision office. Meng, Dong Keqiang and three deputy stationmasters are responsible for the specific supervision of five housing construction projects. At the same time, five supervisors, librarians and safety officers, including Xie Feng, were equipped as required, which satisfied the normal work of supervision.
Second, the project quality management
The supervision department adopts the quality management measures of routine inspection and on-site supervision for key parts and key working procedures. In the process of supervision, the supervision department pays attention to the self-control of construction enterprises and strictly implements it? Level 3 inspection? Procedures, step by step to carry out the responsibility, to ensure the quality of the project.
In the process of construction, we should control the quality of foundation and foundation, main works, decoration works and installation works constructed by housing construction units to ensure that the structural quality and use function meet the design and contract requirements. Finally, the main structure of all housing construction units is qualified, the use function meets the design requirements, and has passed the completion acceptance. The equipment contract section of the supervisor meets the design requirements and functional requirements, and has passed the completion acceptance.
In the process of supervision, we emphasize process control, and notify the construction unit to make rectification in time when problems are found, so as to avoid major structural hidden dangers or affect the normal use function after the construction is completed. Through the joint efforts of the construction unit and the supervision office, major quality problems and accidents have been avoided.
After two stages of acceptance, the housing construction project and equipment installation project meet the design requirements and the provisions of the contract documents, and the quality evaluation is qualified.
Three. Measurement and payment, project progress and contract management
According to the construction contract documents and the actual situation of the construction progress of each bid section, our supervision office timely and accurately reviewed the measurement and payment of each contract section. So far, all contract sections under its jurisdiction have been measured and paid according to the contract documents.
By controlling the construction progress, most contract sections can be completed and accepted before 2065438+April 2005 according to the contract requirements, except for the delayed delivery date of individual equipment blocks. The supervision office strictly follows the design change procedure. No matter which company proposes the design change, it must seek the owner's argument and consent, and reply through the design unit in the form of design approval. Before the change is implemented, there must be a reply or verbal permission from the owner or design unit. Change the unit price and the original contract unit price level as much as possible.
Verb (abbreviation of verb), problems existing in completion acceptance and its treatment.
Most of the problems existing in the handover acceptance have been rectified to varying degrees. The new defects in the final acceptance shall be jointly confirmed by the supervision office, the director office, the project office and the management office, and then handed over to the management office for handling, and the expenses shall be borne by the corresponding construction unit.
Six, design units, construction units and evaluation of construction units
The design unit designs in strict accordance with the design specifications, and the response to design changes always has strict procedures and reliable basis, and there are no excessive mistakes. At the same time, it actively serves the construction unit on the technical level and is highly praised by the construction and supervision units.
Most construction units can strictly fulfill their contractual obligations, actively rectify the problems in construction, and have achieved good social reputation. However, some units have poor contract awareness, poor performance ability and low credibility.
The construction unit shall act in strict accordance with the contract, and be reasonable, principled, fair, honest, reasonable and strict.
Seven, supervision work experience
Through the supervision of this project, we have the deepest experience, and we can summarize the following points:
1, supervision must be carried out in strict accordance with the contract documents, contract documents (agreement, bill of quantities, design documents) are the basis of our supervision behavior, and no behavior can violate the principle.
2. Supervisors must have good professional ethics, rigorous work attitude and solid business ability.
3, supervision department must have a clear division of labor, responsibility to the people, the work should be completed from beginning to end.
4, supervision room must formulate strict work discipline, no one may damage.
5, DuZhaShi must be someone who's in charge, completes the notice, file upload and distribution, completes the file sending and receiving records, important documents timely report to the leadership and remind.
6. For the construction unit that fails to perform the contract, it is necessary to restrain its behavior by means of measurement and payment, so that it can perform the contract.
7, for the owner and director of the notice, to timely convey to the hands of the construction unit. For the problems reflected by the construction unit, it is necessary to reply in time or report to the director's office and the project office.
Chapter III: Summary of Highway Professional and Technical Work Since I graduated as a technician, I have been mainly engaged in the management, study and practical operation of surveying engineering, and worked as a bridge manager and assistant technician of surveying engineering in Pingding Expressway Project Department. After that, he was responsible for the measurement and data collation of Leilizhixing water supply project in Jiayuguan, Fuzhou. At present, he is responsible for the measurement work in the project department of Zhongyan Gansu Wuyang Salt Chemical Co., Ltd. and concurrently serves as the deputy secretary-general of the Association for Science and Technology. Over the past few years, based on my post, I have devoted myself to work. According to the new requirements of engineering survey under the new situation, I have focused on the engineering survey system and experience, and strived to achieve more accurate and professional survey work.
Engineering survey is an important procedure of engineering construction and an important link of engineering quality control and testing. In order to strengthen the management of engineering survey, unify the relevant systems of engineering survey, and better provide guarantee for creating high-quality projects and striving for the best results.
A, the construction unit after receiving the pile point, survey workers need to protect the pile point and review. If encryption is needed, carefully survey the terrain and select points. Choose a good place that is firm and not easy to be damaged during construction as the encryption point.
Second, when the design institute drawings are reviewed in place, the main task of the surveyors is to review the drawings. There are many mistakes in drawing according to experience. These hidden dangers will bring serious consequences to the project if the side construction is not carefully examined. Although this is the responsibility of design, we can't escape the responsibility. When reviewing drawings, we must master the changes in combination with other relevant drawings, among which checking the top elevation of pile foundation is the key point.
3. Cast-in-place pile construction is the key to the bridge alignment, and it is listed as the full inspection project of the supervisor, providing reference for the position of the pier of the bearing platform in the future. When calculating the data of cast-in-place pile, we should pay attention to whether there is linear deviation. In addition, when calculating the data of cast-in-place pile of abutment, we should carefully check whether the expansion joint of abutment is consistent with the center line of abutment. If the column position is lost, the reasons should be explained and a punishment system should be established for the owner. Because temporary landfill is very dangerous.
Four, after the pile cap reinforcement molding, to strictly control the normal direction of reinforcement. If there is a deviation between the center of the line and the center line of the pier, we should attach great importance to coordination. The central coordinates and normal azimuth data of the pier should be calculated by table indoors, and the numerical units of deviation should be unified. Temporary control points of pier reinforcement crosshairs shall be firm and clearly marked, and shall be handed over to the person in charge of next working procedure before leaving.
Five, the pier top elevation and leveling control is the key step of bridge engineering, before the pier molding pouring, the effect level of the nuclear column top elevation should be measured at least twice, and whether the distance between the column top and the cap top is consistent with the design with a steel ruler, and the measurement of other column top elevations, such as the marks on the surface of steel bars, should be clear and standardized, below the datum level.
6. The construction of box girder is the most important part and key point in bridge construction. The measured data in box girder construction are mainly the edge of box girder bottom plate, the inner edge of collision wall and the box girder ground. Wing plate, top surface elevation. It is required that the sideline and elevation data must be calculated by two people. In the calculation process, special attention should be paid to whether the center line of box girder structure coincides with the center line of design line.
Seven, surveying engineering field work is important, but the indoor work is more important, and the indoor data should be neat, clear and clear. In our work, mastering the flexible data of drawings for the first time should be a deeper and clearer performance for our work.
As qualified surveyors, they must deal with various projects, use different measuring methods, find out the measuring points of different projects, and ensure the normal operation of project progress and quality. It is our fine tradition to make full use of computer software to calculate and manage data, input effective data into the computer and form data check. It is our fine tradition that a single person cannot complete the measurement task. In addition, consolidate the basic knowledge and strengthen the correct operation skills.
Engineering survey is the premise and basic work of engineering entity construction in building construction. The content of engineering survey is to measure the positions of buildings and structures designed on the general construction plan to the construction site according to the design requirements, and locate them correctly on the ground.
The development of engineering technology constantly puts forward new requirements for surveying, especially the development of global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS), photogrammetry and remote sensing (RS), digital mapping and ground surveying technology, which makes the means, theories and methods of engineering surveying have undergone profound changes.
(1) Basis for measuring and setting out before excavation: The plan drawn by the design institute provided by Party A and the planning permit approved by the Planning Bureau must be available. Notice of pile position coordinate results provided by Surveying and Mapping Institute. Only the construction party and the supervision party can set out and check the line.
(2) The construction party's measuring unreeling inspection sheet and engineering positioning measurement memory record must be signed and agreed by the supervisor.
(3) The construction party can start excavation only after the supervisor has inspected the line. Pay attention to measuring the angle with theodolite and drawing the distance with steel ruler. In order to prevent errors, it is best to retest the results by diagonal method. The location of temporary BM point on site shall be reflected in the engineering calibration test record. At the same time, BM point should be visible, firm and not easy to destroy, and clearly marked.
(4) Pay attention to the line inspection of foundation pit, and the construction unit can only start paying-off after the cushion and fireproof layer are finished. In addition to the outline, the inner wall, beam and column of the bottom ring, post-cast strip and thin part of elevator shaft shall be released. This line must be carefully checked, otherwise it will cause dislocation and missing reinforcement. After the control network or main axis is determined, protective measures shall be taken for the pile immediately. On general land, (200mm*200mm* 100mm) piles can be driven on the road surface with nail gun, and the top surface of the piles is covered with (200mm*200mm*3mm) steel plates. In addition, the control network and points are drawn on the floor plan, and the project department is required to take practical measures to protect the piles.
Through the above survey of road construction and housing construction, I think that as a qualified surveyor, we must handle all kinds of survey projects well, work with a serious, careful and down-to-earth attitude, sum up experience, find new problems, deal with old problems, and strive to bring you happiness with the spirit of not being afraid of fatigue and environmental hardship.
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