First, pay attention to the cultivation of children's living habits.

1, cultivate good eating habits.

You can start from the following aspects and gradually cultivate children's good eating habits.

1, eat regularly and quantitatively. For everyone, three meals a day can form a fixed diet. Give your child regular and quantitative meals, so that the interval between meals is 4~6 hours. This is the time for the stomach to effectively digest and absorb food and empty the stomach, so as to ensure the full digestion and absorption of nutrients and maintain a strong appetite. At the same time, we should give children proper meals according to their food intake, and insist on eating every meal. Never let children eat more, let alone eat as much as they like, and then fill their stomachs with snacks, which will affect their appetite for the next meal. At the same time, it will form a bad habit of willful waste.

2. Educate children to have a balanced diet and not to be partial to food. In addition to physical factors, such as indigestion or food allergic reaction, there are also environmental and psychological factors, such as the influence of some parents' own partial eclipse, the disgusting reaction caused by excessive continuous consumption of certain foods, or the unpleasant experience of children caused by parents' restriction on eating certain foods and refusal to eat them. Therefore, parents should consciously remind themselves to do: ① consciously use language to give their children positive psychological hints, such as "today's assorted cucumbers are really delicious, fresh and crisp" or "my favorite meat is round and delicious", etc., thus arousing children's interest and appetite. Grasp the psychological characteristics of children and use games to stimulate children to taste foods that they don't eat very much, such as "Let's be a little white rabbit, which loves to eat green vegetables and radishes" and "See who let the small fish into the pond by the mouth first". This method will be more effective for younger children. (3) Pay special attention not to cheat or force children to eat certain foods, which will deepen their dislike of this kind of food. It is better to give a horse a break and stop for a while, and then guide him to eat when he is hungry and happy.

3, let the children eat by themselves, children are not born dependent, try to let the children do it by themselves, don't limit and blame him because the children eat badly. Encourage children to finish their own meal independently, and eat a mouthful of rice, a mouthful of vegetables and a mouthful of soup alternately, instead of drinking soup and soaking rice. At the same time, we should pay attention to teaching children the correct sitting posture and the correct use of tableware, and guide them to learn how not to scatter rice grains on the ground.

4. Create a relaxed dining atmosphere. Creating a relaxed and pleasant dining atmosphere is also a way to cultivate children's good eating habits. Playing some beautiful music while eating is good for digestion. The most important thing to note is that no matter what happens, we should try our best to avoid criticizing, reprimanding or seriously preaching children at the dinner table, which will destroy the pleasant dining atmosphere, reduce their appetite and damage their physical and mental health. Education may not be effective, but it will outweigh the benefits. As long as parents insist on letting their children eat independently, eat well, use their brains, use existing resources to create a game atmosphere, and constantly encourage and strengthen them, they will make their children develop good eating habits.

5. Choose snacks and drinks carefully. For all kinds of snacks, we should look at them from two aspects. First, snacks can really bring children a happy and pleasant emotional experience and adjust their tastes. Secondly, snacks are more and more rich and exquisite, which have certain nutritional value and can be used as supplementary food. It is possible and necessary to give children some at the right time. It is worth noting: don't eat too much, don't eat before meals, and don't skip meals and make up snacks. Don't get into the habit of replacing soup with water. Because too much sugar, saccharin and chemical additives in drinks will cause bad stimulation to the stomach and prevent children from supplementing boiled water, so be sure to eat carefully and eat less.

Specifically, we should pay attention to: don't let children play while eating or watch TV while eating, which is not good for digestion; Don't use the promise method (talking about conditions) to let children eat, which is easy to make children form unreasonable, wasteful, willful and other bad habits;

2. Cultivate good sleep habits.

The requirements of children's sleep training are mainly: sleeping on time and sleeping alone. Sleep rules can ensure children's sleep time, get up regularly in the morning, don't sleep late, and take a nap for a fixed period of time. Sleeping alone is conducive to developing a good sleeping posture and cultivating children's independent consciousness and self-care ability. With the help of a nap in kindergarten, you can do this:

1) Arrange children's sleep time reasonably.

If children want to develop good nap habits, parents should first arrange their children's sleep time and let them go to bed and get up early as possible. Because if the child gets up too late in the morning, he will definitely not be sleepy at noon. Generally speaking, it is more appropriate for children to sleep at night10-1hour, and take a nap at noon 1-2 hours. Sleeping too much at night is not conducive to sleeping at noon, and taking a nap at noon is not conducive to sleeping at night.

2) Take a nap on time

If children want to develop a good habit of taking a nap, parents should arrange their children's life reasonably every day and arrange their children to take a nap on time. When it's time for a nap, parents can say "It's time for a nap, wake up and play again", so that children can form an idea that a nap, like eating, is one of the indispensable contents of a day's life, and it is not something that can or cannot be done.

3) insist on taking a nap

If children want to form a good habit of taking a nap, parents should also let their children take a nap every day. The child has just started taking a nap, so he is definitely not used to it and may not be able to sleep. At this time, parents should not let their children give up taking a nap because they can't sleep, but let them lie in bed and enter a nap state regardless of whether they can sleep or not. If you persist in this way, the child will gradually develop the habit of taking a nap.

4. Create a nap environment

In order to let children develop good nap habits, parents should also create a good nap environment for their children. For example, draw curtains to dim the light; Adults should speak softly and try to keep the room quiet. During the nap time, other people in the family don't watch TV or computer, so as to eliminate all human interference.

Second, pay attention to the cultivation of children's hygiene habits.

Cultivating children's good hygiene habits mainly focuses on peacetime, with the focus on "four diligence, four wants and four don't". Four diligence: frequently cutting nails, frequently washing hair and cutting hair, frequently taking a bath and changing clothes, and frequently gargling and brushing teeth. Four essentials: Wash your face in the morning and evening, wash your hands before and after meals, wash your feet before going to bed, and wash or peel raw fruits and vegetables. Four noes: don't drink raw water, don't eat snacks before going to bed, don't sleep with your head covered in winter, and don't pick your nostrils and ears at ordinary times.

Principles of cultivating hygienic habits

1, according to the characteristics of children's neurological and mental development at different ages, different methods are adopted.

2. Family members' requirements and education for children must be consistent, so as not to cause psychological barriers to children.

3. The success or failure of children's attempts should be treated correctly. If they succeed, they should praise and encourage them and put forward new hopes and higher requirements. If they fail, don't criticize and blame. They should help children find out the reasons for failure, help them overcome difficulties and encourage them to try again.

4, the child's rebellious psychology, should be positively guided, do not force orders.

5, the cultivation of good hygiene habits should start from an early age, it needs long-term cultivation and education of adults, and it must be repeated and persevered, so don't rush for success.

To cultivate hygiene habits, you can do this:

1, demonstration method: children like to imitate, which is very imitative. Parents' good habits are a direct demonstration of cultivating children's good hygiene habits and a concrete image demonstration. Therefore, parents should set an example and cultivate their children's hygiene habits.

2. Repeated practice: the formation of brain conditioned reflex needs repeated practice, and the formation of good hygiene habits also needs repeated practice opportunities. In order to improve the interest of repeated practice, we can take competitive games and practice consolidation in the game.

3. Positioning method: put the children's commonly used items and toys in the prescribed places, and put them in strict accordance with the prescribed positions, so that children can form a fixed impression on the positions of commonly used items. This can help children form the habit of not using other people's property casually.

4, supervision and inspection method: children's consciousness, persistence and self-control are poor, and need constant supervision, reminder and inspection, so that children's good hygiene habits are continuously strengthened and gradually form conscious actions.

Parents should pay attention to the following points:

1, nails should be cut frequently.

2, hair should have common sense.

3, shoes should be changed frequently.

4, underwear should be worn often.

5, teeth should be checked regularly.

6. It is not advisable to wear more clothes.

7. I have no plans.

Third, pay attention to the cultivation of children's study habits.

Study habits are very important for a person's development. Good study habits and strong interest in learning are more important than "knowledge reserve". You can do this:

1, cultivate the habit of doing things from beginning to end. Many children are half-hearted, with a head and no tail, and many of them are caused by inattention. We can consciously train children's attention in life.

1) Repeat the exercise.

Let the children read 10- 15 minutes, close the book immediately, and let the children "retell" the story according to your requirements. You can ask several main questions, who is in the book and what you are doing. What color clothes do people or animals wear in the book? What else is in the book? Children can draw images of the animals they see. Finally, let him read the book again. After several times, the child will gradually understand the necessity of concentration.

2) jigsaw puzzles and jigsaw puzzles

Jigsaw puzzles and the challenges of jigsaw puzzles will bring children a sense of accomplishment, which is a great motivation for children to concentrate on the end. Parents can sell puzzles and puzzles with different difficulties according to their children's situation. At first, parents can demonstrate to play, and children will slowly fight by themselves, and finally they can compete with their children. This is also an effective way to train their attention.

3) Domino practice

Domino training is an excellent exercise regardless of the degree of mental specificity or the duration of concentration, and the thrill of instantly knocking down dozens or even hundreds of dominoes can also make children tolerant of the "monotony" of training. Only when children finally have a sense of happiness and accomplishment can they overcome the monotony brought by concentration.

4) Anti-interference exercises

When the child's attention has been greatly focused on an undisturbed environment, parents can consider putting the "interference source" in his "attention training" space. For example, parents can watch TV when he is doing a puzzle. For example, when he is reading, he can interrupt a little. In this process, the child's attention will be scattered and repeated, but eventually his anti-interference ability will gradually increase. What needs to be reminded here is that if your child is paying attention and not doing this kind of "attention training", you must not disturb him. Let him do his own thing with peace of mind. )

2. Cultivate children's listening habits.

Some children and adults talk to him and only play by themselves. When the teacher is in class or the child answers questions, he always talks nonsense or plays tricks below, which is not pleasant to listen to. Ask him what the teacher (or companion) just said, whether he was ignorant or didn't understand. If this habit is not corrected in time, it will not be good for children's future study. Therefore, when we talk to our children, we should let their eyes look at ourselves. Don't be half-hearted and careless at first.

3. Cultivate children's interest in books and good reading habits.

Reading habits are very important for children's development. Usually, parents should pay attention to cultivating their children's interest and habits in reading. At first, the child could not read. Adults should guide children to read and remind them to read page by page, for example, look at who is in the picture, where is it and what is it doing? Tell him a book while reading. Slowly, adults and children watched it separately. After reading it, they exchanged the contents of the book with each other and gradually paid attention to the children. At this time, adults should encourage more praise. Children's interest in reading habits is very helpful for his future study, which is conducive to improving his future Chinese writing, analysis and understanding ability, and is also of great benefit to his future work. Of course, the books bought for children should be appropriate, healthy and have certain educational significance; The colors of books should be beautiful, and the proportion of words and pictures should be appropriate. In addition, children should be trained to manage books by themselves. Prepare a place for children to put books, and make a bookcase or bookshelf if possible. Let the children put away the books after reading them every time, and form the habit of sorting out their own books.

(1), accompanying reading is to accompany children to look at pictures in a picture book. You can look at pictures and make up stories with your children to cultivate their interest in pictures. At this time, parents can point to the corresponding pictures while reading, and then slowly transition to the words in reading, so that children are interested in words.

(2) Performance is to perform actions after reading a story or children's song, such as how rabbits do it, how elephants save rabbits, and how wolves do it. According to the plot, several people in the family act separately, and the roles can be reversed after a performance. Let children realize that children's songs in books can be used as games, thus making them like reading more.

(3) Asking questions First, ask the children questions. Parents of small kindergartens can ask some simple questions, such as who are the people in the story, what they are doing, who do you like, and so on. Parents of middle and large classes should ask more "why and how" questions, so that children can fully think. Secondly, let the children create and edit by themselves, and the parents tell half the stories, leaving the ending of their own creation and editing for the children and cultivating their imagination. Finally, let the children ask questions, ask the children who don't understand, and ask the parents who don't understand. Cultivate children's study habit of asking if they don't understand. Using the above methods to guide children to like reading and fall in love with books has achieved good results. Parents may wish to give it a try.

Fourth, pay attention to the cultivation and education of children's etiquette and respect their elders.

Being civilized, being polite, respecting the old and loving the young are the national virtues of our country, so we should attach importance to education in peacetime and pay attention to children's words and deeds in life.

Parents can start from the following aspects to cultivate children's habit of being polite to others:

Parents should set an example for their children. There is an old saying: "Go straight to be right." If parents want their children to be polite, they should set an example first. Parents have the most direct and profound influence on their children. Parents' role models are the most vivid and practical education for their children. Parents should make full use of the favorable opportunity of family visitors to remind their children and make a demonstration, so that children can realize the meaning of civilization, courtesy and enthusiasm in their own experience and practice, and influence their children subtly through their parents' behavior, so that children can gradually form a polite character in the environment they are exposed to.

2) Explain the "rules" for entertaining children. Parents should explain the "rules" of hospitality to their children and let them understand some behavioral norms. If relatives and friends visit, say "come in" when you hear a knock at the door; When you meet friends and relatives, take the initiative to say hello according to your address; Take out refreshments and warmly invite guests to dinner. Don't look unhappy, and don't eat alone: when adults are talking, children should not interrupt casually; When the little guests come, take the initiative to take out toys and play with them; People who eat together are not allowed to move the tableware until they are full: when guests leave, they should say "goodbye" and welcome guests to come again.

3) Encourage children to directly participate in the reception. Visitors from home, children are usually very excited. Don't neglect children, let them feel that they are a member of the family and a small host, and be polite and enthusiastic in hospitality. Children can be allowed to participate in some entertaining activities within their capabilities. Through direct participation, you can exercise your child's hospitality movements and skills and gradually develop behavioral habits.

4) Evaluate children's performance. The reaction of others is usually the best catalyst to stimulate children's learning. When guests are present, parents can praise and encourage their children's good performance; After the guests leave, parents can also evaluate the children's performance, affirm what the children have done well, point out the shortcomings, and what they should pay attention to in the future. What needs to be pointed out here is that children make mistakes in receiving guests. For example, if they break a teacup and dirty the dining table, parents should never criticize them in person. They should protect their children's enthusiasm, treat their mistakes more with motivation than with consequences, and forgive their inexperience. The code of conduct for children to be polite to others is not formed overnight, but depends on constant education, training and strengthening at ordinary times. Young parents should always provide their children with "educational situations", let them practice constantly and consolidate their warm and polite behavior towards others, which will have a positive role in promoting the cultivation of their moral character, learning ability and behavior habits.

5) Help children build self-esteem and respect for others. Politeness seems to be an external behavior, but it is closely related to people's inner cultivation, especially whether people have self-esteem and respect for others. Self-esteem means respecting yourself, not being insulted and discriminated against, maintaining your personality and dignity, and striving for a good social evaluation. Normal people have self-esteem. If they want self-esteem, they must first respect others, observe social order and pay attention to manners. It is hard to imagine what manners and customs a person who has lost his self-esteem will have. Politeness is actually an important means for people to satisfy their self-esteem.

6) Help children master the necessary common sense of civility and politeness. This includes both language and behavior. Civilized and polite language does not need vulgar words. Everyday expressions include "Hello", "Good morning", "Nice to meet you", "Welcome", "Good night", "Goodbye", "Welcome to come again", "Sorry", "Never mind", "Thank you", "Please" and so on. Civilized and polite behavior includes communicative behavior and environmental behavior. Communication behavior includes greeting and shaking hands when meeting or breaking up, and the eyes, posture and expression when talking with people should show respect for each other. It is also a courtesy to look at others with your eyes when talking to them. It is impolite to look at others when you speak with your eyes. Civilized and polite environmental behavior requires observing public order and social morality, such as caring for public health, not spitting, not littering, etc. The clothes are simple, generous and neat, and the hair is clean and tidy; Do not fight or scold; Treat people with a warm and kind attitude; Obey traffic rules; Take the initiative to buy tickets when taking the bus, make way for the old, the young, the sick, the disabled, the pregnant and the teachers, and do not dispute seats: shop in order; Take care of public facilities, cultural relics and historic sites: when watching performances and competitions, don't make noise, be a civilized audience, and so on.

7. It is necessary to cultivate children to develop some minimum etiquette for people and things. Sitting and standing is also a kind of manners. Speak kindly and gently. Some parents speak loudly, and children will learn from them. So, do you want to cultivate children to speak loudly? Speak louder when you talk to everyone, so that everyone can hear you. Speak softly at ordinary times.

Identification of habit formation: habit is an automatic behavior tendency, which means that it is difficult to control certain behaviors without consciousness. After the child reaches the goal, it is easy for parents to stop paying attention or reduce their attention, and it is easy to let the formed habits go down the drain, which is difficult and time-consuming to rebuild. But how do you know that a child has formed a habit? When children still do this without praise, reward and other encouragement, it shows that habits have been formed. In other words, when you don't let him do it, but he has to do it, it means that the habit has been formed, but he still needs supervision from time to time. Once a habit is formed, it is very difficult to change it, unless something big happens to stop it, so children must not form bad habits, because habits are more difficult than cultivating habits 10 times.