First, arrange the content of Chinese practice activities reasonably.
Different grades should arrange different activities. In the lower grades, we should first pay attention to improving students' interest in literacy, and guide students to understand the methods of literacy, so as to effectively expand the amount of literacy, change the learning methods of rote learning and game reading in the past, and make students feel relaxed and happy and memorable. With the growth of grade and the improvement of students' literacy, the activity mode should be constantly changed, laying a good foundation for the practice of middle and high grades. Secondly, activities such as "draw a picture and say it" and the performance of the textbook drama can serve a variety of purposes to cultivate students' listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities. The goal of middle-grade primary school should be to cultivate students' observation ability and expression ability. In middle school, primary school students have a certain sense of self. Teachers should consciously cultivate students' sense of ownership, let students learn to choose independently according to their own hobbies, and let them watch whatever they want, say whatever they see and say whatever they hear. Then, "reading, speaking and writing" and "listening, speaking and writing" are very necessary. The center of these activities is the hand, mouth and pen. Being able to speak and write actively is the highest learning level that we hope students can achieve. High school students should attach importance to the cultivation of students' Chinese practical ability. Let students go out of the classroom and campus and deepen their understanding of society through exchanges and visits. Guide students to fully express their views on current hot issues and talk about their own understanding. Let students improve themselves and improve themselves in tit-for-tat thinking confrontation.
Second, the implementation of comprehensive Chinese practice activities
(A) based on teaching materials, broaden their horizons
Chinese curriculum resources include classroom teaching resources and extracurricular learning resources. Students study at school, mainly in the classroom, and teaching materials are one of the important resources of Chinese classroom teaching. Our Chinese class is not completely divorced from textbooks, which is determined by the current situation of basic education in China. Therefore, we rely on teaching materials, take comprehensive practical activities as the medium, and combine rich Chinese learning materials with teaching materials to establish an open Chinese classroom teaching system.
1. Expand learning content through various channels.
Now, students have a wide range of channels to obtain information. Through library and network technology, various Chinese resources can be closely combined with existing Chinese textbooks, the content of Chinese learning can be expanded, and the Chinese curriculum can be more diversified and three-dimensional. When teaching, we often focus on Chinese textbooks, grasp a certain knowledge point, and guide students to carry out extensive practical activities such as consulting texts and searching online. For example, in the first class of the sixth grade exercise "Apple Family", I organized students to go into the library to look up information, surf the Internet in the computer room, learn about the history, planting requirements, planting areas, common varieties and nutritional value of apples, organize them into written materials and make full preparations; Then ask the students to introduce some aspects of the "Apple family" in the first person, such as "my family history", "my nutritional value" and "the four kings of our family". In practice, students are enthusiastic and scrambling.
2. Revise and expand textbooks to broaden students' horizons.
I once heard that a teacher in our school instructed students to learn the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, and then designed a Chinese comprehensive practical activity class "Fairy Tales in My Heart". The activity links are: interest introduction-fragment appreciation-role reproduction-story browsing-creative listening and evaluation-work recommendation. In the process of preparation, the students read many fairy tales: creating the earth, filling the sea with jingwei, what happened to the sea ... They also chose their favorite fairy characters, made props and performed. In the exhibition activities, some students tell stories and some students perform sketches ... According to the teacher, since the activities, students have not only read many fairy tales, but also learned this kind of Chinese that students like. In addition, after learning the article "Looking at the Moon", I instructed students to carry out comprehensive Chinese practice activities with the theme of "Moon", saying the word "Moon", making sentences of "Moon", reciting the text of "Moon" and telling stories of "Moon".
In teaching, we take teaching materials as the blueprint and content suitable for students' needs as the content of practical activities, so as to broaden students' horizons, enrich students' knowledge of Chinese studies and improve their ideological taste.
(B) contact life, feel the experience
Based on students' direct experience, comprehensive practical activities are closely related to students' own life and social life, which embodies the comprehensive application of life knowledge. In the process of carrying out comprehensive Chinese practice activities, we should strive to make students pay attention to school life and social life, introduce living water from the source of life, realize the communication between Chinese and life, and get through the integration of Chinese and other subjects in and out of class. Many articles in Chinese textbooks are closely related to students' lives. What should students do when they ask questions in reading? In the past, teachers usually told students directly or asked students to help them answer, but neglected to guide students to observe and experience themselves from life and nature and seek answers to questions. This stifles students' desire for independent study and exploration, which is not conducive to cultivating students' innovative spirit. Nowadays, we try to guide students to find the answers to their own questions.
When a Chinese teacher in our school teaches "Open the Green Textbook of Nature", she arranges students to observe nature, let them take pictures of the scenery they see, collect pictures depicting the beautiful scenery of nature and describe poems about nature. In class, students show the pictures they took or collected before class, introduce the beautiful scenery in nature depicted by the pictures, and some even recite children's songs praising nature. These activities make Chinese classroom teaching lively, students' learning mood high, and cultivate students' curiosity about things and interest in observing nature. Facts have proved that the close combination of Chinese classroom teaching and natural life provides students with more opportunities for Chinese practice, broadens the channels for students to learn Chinese and is conducive to cultivating students' Chinese practical ability.
2. Go into the community and experience life
Life is a school and society is a classroom. Our school carries out the comprehensive practice of "Talking about Mocheng", so that students can deeply understand the changes in their hometown, so as to know their hometown, feel their hometown, love their hometown and carry forward the spirit of innovation. At the same time, we can experience the details of China people in our life, and cultivate keen cognition, unique understanding and rich emotional strength. Our school is located near Changshu Merchants City, which creates a good condition for us to have activities. Let the students investigate in groups how people in their hometown get rich through hard work, collect relevant short stories, and also visit factories around the school, and finally organize them into languages and communicate in the whole class. In this activity, by letting students boldly go out of the classroom and into the community, students have a deeper understanding of their hometown, and they also realize that I am proud of my hometown and should work hard for it! We strive to make students' learning activities return to the real situation, to the comprehensive life itself, to break the barrier between books and life, to enrich spiritual experience, to make Chinese glow with life, to make Chinese comprehensive practice return to the poetic home and to the colorful life world on which human language depends for survival and development.
Third, the comprehensive practice of Chinese should achieve "unity of three natures".
Through solid and fruitful work, I deeply realized that organizing students to carry out Chinese practice.
Activities should pay attention to the "unity of three natures": the unity of interest, practicality and openness, so that comprehensive Chinese practice can become the sky for students to release their potential.
(1) Pay attention to fun and learn through "fun".
Chinese comprehensive practical activities are critical, reflective and research-oriented practical activities carried out by students under the guidance of teachers, emphasizing respect for students' subjective status. To respect the subject, it is necessary to protect students' interest in learning and their natural thirst for knowledge. Interest is the best teacher, it can stimulate students' curiosity, promote active thinking and keep learning lasting. Therefore, the activities of carrying out comprehensive practical activities are first of all what students are really interested in, and what students really want to know can really "hang" their appetite, so that students will be excited and eager to try as soon as they attend the Chinese comprehensive practical activities class.
For example, whenever spring comes, middle and senior teachers will ask students to write an essay "Looking for Spring". In order to improve students' writing enthusiasm and give them something to write and say, we designed a comprehensive practical activity "We Love Spring". We explore and discuss with students, and find out many ideas for activities: under the guidance of teachers, students can go out of textbooks to find spring, describe spring and collect idioms about spring. Students can also go out of the classroom under the organization of teachers, parents and other tutors, watch the beautiful scenery of spring, enjoy the sunshine of spring, kiss the breeze of spring, even bathe in the fine and sweet spring rain, or fly colorful kites in the wild, or play with lively and lovely fish in the river, or roll around on the grass a few times, kiss the tender grass … and take photos or videos to feel the beauty, taste and joy of spring; Students can also guide students to enjoy and miss spring in the imaginary space carefully created by teachers. When students are intoxicated with the deep spring, they will lose no time to guide them to think of the spring scenery in the north and south of the great river and the beautiful scenery inside and outside the Great Wall from here and now, and connect them with people who work hard for the eternal spring scenery of the motherland. At this time, students may think about the Millennium and see through Wan Li, where stories and places blend together, poetic and picturesque, and every student's eyes will emerge. Of course, children will sing and praise spring in their favorite way, or write articles, poems, paintings, or compositions ... In this way, students expand their understanding of spring, enrich their language, experience the charm of spring, cultivate their love for nature, and cultivate their ability to appreciate and imagine, which is redundant. This kind of comprehensive Chinese practice that interests students is exactly what students are willing to participate in and what students dream of.
(2) Pay attention to practicality and explore while doing.
Chinese comprehensive practice has strong practicality, research, participation and life. It is a practical, holistic and open educational activity, which emphasizes that students learn Chinese in practice, gain knowledge and ability in practice, experience emotions in practice and develop their personality. For example, when we instruct students to carry out the comprehensive practical activities of "a kind of plant (or animal) I like", students will keep a small animal or plant a pot of flowers and grass according to their own hobbies, observe the living habits of animals such as eating, moving and sleeping, and observe the growth process of plants germination, flowering and fruiting; Find some relevant information and ask experts for some knowledge about planting and breeding. The teacher guides the students to describe the ups and downs in the process of planting and breeding. The forms of narration can also vary from person to person, and there are many kinds ... After carrying out this comprehensive practical activity, students' comprehensive abilities such as cooperation, collecting information and applying what they have learned have been improved.
(3) Pay attention to openness and exercise through "living".
Because of its wide content and various forms, comprehensive practical activities adapt to the diversity of children's intelligence and learning styles, so that students can learn in their favorite and good ways. Therefore, in the process of Chinese comprehensive practice, teachers should pay more attention to the implementation of the principle of openness, and truly make comprehensive practice a sky to release students' potential.
For example, after learning the text "Butterfly Valley in Taiwan Province Province", students want to carry out comprehensive practical activities of "understanding Taiwan Province Province". They listed many questions they wanted to know, such as understanding the history of Taiwan Province Province, the historical sites of Taiwan Province Province, the customs of Taiwan Province Province, the snacks of Taiwan Province Province, the development and changes of Taiwan Province Province and the environment of Taiwan Province Province. Some students even want to know about the relationship between the mainland and Taiwan Province Province ... Students can carry out comprehensive practical activities by consulting books and newspapers, surfing the Internet, listening to radio, watching TV and asking others ... The results of activities can be colorful: videos, photos, editing tabloids, painting ... Through these open activities, children can be provided with "living" broader knowledge. Let every child have the opportunity to learn independently, explore freely and display their talents. More importantly, he can gradually cultivate students' awareness and ability to learn to learn, learn to seek knowledge and learn to cooperate in comprehensive practical activities.
Plenty of time is the wing of Chinese comprehensive practice activities, and vast space is the stage of Chinese comprehensive practice activities. In a dynamic and multidimensional world, students can turn their inner feelings into a spiritual product, and their lives can be wonderful and healthy. In Chinese teaching, it is necessary to change the traditional teaching mode with classroom as the center, books as the center, teachers as the center, and imparting and instilling as the basic characteristics, so as to realize the revolution of learning methods; Cultivate students' Chinese ability, innovative spirit and practical ability in practice, lay a solid and comprehensive foundation for students' lifelong learning and development, and shape a perfect personality.
Chinese comprehensive practice activities, let us explore and think.