Some articles say that philosophy is not a religion, but it can give you faith; Philosophy is not art, but it can give people aesthetic feeling; Philosophy is not a science, but also can enlighten people with truth; Philosophy is not morality, but it can also persuade people to do good. Philosophy is like the sunshine that shines on the earth, illuminating the world of human life and giving human life a meaningful "light". I appreciate this poetic interpretation of philosophical connotation.
In a word, philosophy is not a ready-made knowledge conclusion. The wisdom of philosophy is not only the way and method to "teach people to think", but also to make people consciously realize the "essence of thinking" and master the logic of ideological movement, so as to gain an understanding of truth. To truly master philosophical wisdom, we need not only thoughtful rationality, but also real feelings and rich and profound experiences, just like the same proverb has very different meanings for the elderly and children.
Russell said that to understand an era or a nation, we must first understand its philosophy. This is very profound. Behind every great civilization is a great philosophy. Philosophy is the core of all cultures, the embodiment of the vitality of the national spirit, the symbol of the maturity of civilization, and the reflection of civilized human beings on their own destiny. Without philosophy, a nation is doomed to have no great future.
So, what is art? Art is a special way of human use. She grasps and reflects the world with emotion and imagination, and expresses her views on the world, herself and the relationship between them. She reproduces reality, expresses emotions and ideals through aesthetic creation activities, and realizes the mutual objectification of aesthetic subject and object in imagination. Generally speaking, art is a special product of people's comprehensive psychological activities of knowledge, emotion, ideals and ideas, and it is an image expression of people's real life and spiritual world.
Because some human experiences and emotions are difficult to express in ordinary oral language, in order to express these deepest feelings and thoughts, people use a more acute and exquisite "language", which is called art. This language can be a kind of writing, a kind of music, a picture, a kind of body movements, an object that has been processed by people and endowed with rich connotations, or it can be
Art belongs to the category of entertainment and game culture, and it is a cultural phenomenon created by people to satisfy their subjective defects in emotional organs and comfort their behavior. The essential feature of this cultural phenomenon is to create virtual human real life with various "languages", and art is a refined cultural form for people to exchange their feelings and thoughts. Because people communicate their feelings and thoughts on the basis of language, the basis of art is human language. In people's artistic practice, art always depends entirely on people's language. What kind of language form human beings have, there will be what kind of art form. There are many forms of human language, such as oral language, written language, painting language, body language, music language and modern film and television language. When art happens, stories, novels, poems, paintings and dances will appear accordingly. If people don't understand each other's language, or don't use the same language at the same level, artistic communication and exchange can't be realized.
Art is different from science. Science reflects the regularity of the objective world with the help of human reason. Art reflects the world with the help of human sensibility, including the objective world and the subjective world. Science is more about "discovery" and art is more about "creation". Art is a perceptual knowledge different from human reason and belief, and it is a reflection of human inner feelings and imagination. Art uses language to create illusory events. Through the understanding of language, let others feel the scene of illusory events. In the process of feeling this scene, people's corresponding subjective shortcomings will be properly comforted, and people's emotional organs will have a positive and fierce behavioral response.
Because the comfort of people's subjective regret and the behavioral response of emotional organs are entirely based on people's subjective needs for some objective things in social life, the virtual events created by art must be based on people's subjective needs in social life; The virtual reality constructed by art can have a great influence on the formation and change of people's ideology. For people's spiritual world, art is God's shepherd's whip, which can lead people's souls to heaven or drive them into hell. Of course, art, as an aesthetic object, means that people pay attention to and appreciate it because of its intrinsic value, making art a precious existence beyond secular life.
Philosophy is man's rational thinking. She thinks about all the questions that people are interested in, and it is a no-man's land between theology and science. Art is people's intuitive feeling of the world. With the development of society, great changes have taken place in art history. Under the influence of the outside world, it has been unfolded again and again, writing people's emotions. Obviously, philosophy and art belong to two different fields, and they are obviously different in content and form.
However, the brilliance of art is rooted in the development and evolution of human thinking, and it develops with the development of human cognitive ability, scope and depth. Art is a kind of creative behavior of human beings, and the history of this kind of creative behavior shows that since human beings can think freely, their creative behavior depends on their various understandings of the world and life in many important aspects. We should understand art as the creative behavior of human beings. It is necessary to understand the philosophy as the basis of his thinking. If an art form wants to be recognized in a specific social scope, it can only try to adapt to the aesthetic taste of the whole society. Aesthetic taste is often determined by the philosophical consciousness of the whole society. Philosophy and art complement each other and promote each other. The change of the times and the progress of history lead to the change of philosophy, which in turn affects art.
Specifically, all human activities are life activities. The process of life activities includes the process of thought and the process of action as its inevitable extension. In philosophy, people's thoughts are carried out through written language, which is objectified and fixed by its structure (concept and semantics). The difference between art and philosophy is obviously much smaller than that between art and science. This difference is not that philosophy is abstract thinking, but art. However, philosophy relies on written language as an intermediary, but art is not completely like this. Philosophical statements are nothing more than a series of conversion processes of written language symbols, and the fuzziness of the language used means the fuzziness and looseness of reasoning. Philosophy strives to conceptualize and clarify emotions through the intermediary of written language, so emotions become thoughts in philosophy, and perceptual motives solidify into rational structures in philosophy, but art does not necessarily rely on the intermediary of written language.
Because philosophy is the fundamental thinking foundation of art, and art has broader means and ways of expression than philosophy, philosophical consciousness determines the development direction and aesthetic taste of art, and artistic form in turn affects the development of philosophy.
Judging from the actual course of China's artistic development, the social culture and education in ancient China were based on poems, books, rituals and music. Confucius and Mencius' philosophy of "prospering in poetry, standing in ceremony and becoming happy" has deeply influenced art. Confucius and Mencius' philosophy is a rational and precocious agricultural culture based on ethics. Self-improvement and morality are its basic spirits. On this basis, a classical artistic and cultural model with tenderness, honesty, harmony and perfection as its aesthetic ideal has been formed. Ancient people in China expressed their sigh and understanding of the universe and life through primitive artistic activities such as singing, dancing and offering sacrifices. Most ancient philosophers in China have strong characteristics of poets and artists. The spirituality of China's poets has always contained a leisurely metaphysical philosophical feeling. In ancient China, philosophy was poetic and art was rational. We read Confucius' Analects of Confucius and Laozi's Tao Te Ching, and were deeply amazed at the artistic beauty of their words. We appreciate Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting Collection and more than a thousand Buddha statues in Yungang Grottoes, and we are shocked by their philosophical realm. China's ancient culture, from the lowest material utensils to the life of rites and music, reached the realm of heaven and earth, which is a great harmony and rhythm. Classical harmonious beauty, as the ideal of China ancient art, requires various elements of art, such as reproduction and expression, subjectivity and objectivity, ideal and reality, emotion and reason, time and space, etc. , is processed and organized into a balanced, harmonious, stable and orderly unity. This artistic pursuit has also become a solid cornerstone and ideal realm of Confucius and Mencius' philosophy and Zhuangzi's philosophy.
The development of art has greatly promoted the progress of human civilization, and human beings' metaphor and thinking about the living environment.