The essence of educational scientific research is to answer unknown questions in the field of education. Therefore, the first step of educational research is to determine the research topic. Educational research is a problem that needs to be solved, verified or answered. I. Expression of scientific research topic 1. Don't use affirmative sentences to express scientific research topics. The expression of the topic is not the expression of the topic of the paper. The topic is the problem, which should reflect the problem students, and the paper is the expression of the research results; Because the research conclusion has been drawn, the topic of the paper can be expressed in affirmative sentences. If the topic is expressed in affirmative sentences, it shows that researchers have not understood the essence of educational scientific research and the significance of scientific research topics. Scientific research topics can be expressed in declarative sentences or interrogative sentences. For example, "Good study habits are the basis of improving middle school students' Chinese learning achievement" can't be regarded as a scientific research topic, but should be changed to "Research on Cultivating Middle School Students' Good Chinese Learning Habits" or "Research on Cultivating Middle School Students' Good Chinese Learning Habits and Improving Chinese Learning Achievement". 2. The research topic should be a specific problem with clear meaning. The research topic should not be too big or too general, otherwise the research can't start. Especially for primary and secondary school teachers, the topic should be small rather than big, easy rather than difficult. Make a mountain out of a molehill, not a molehill. The bigger the subject, the more empty the research, such as "the study of students' learning rules". It will be more accurate if the topic is defined as "the guiding research of primary school students' learning methods". In practice, some big topics should be broken down into several sub-topics by defining the research scope, and sub-topics can be broken down into smaller sub-topics. For example, the study of giving full play to students' subjective role can be defined as the study of giving full play to students' subjective role in classroom teaching, further defined as the study of strengthening students' autonomous learning in primary school Chinese classroom teaching, and further defined as the study of strengthening students' autonomous learning and improving students' reading ability in primary school reading teaching. The subject is specific, the research scope is narrowed and the research is easy to operate. Like "research on cultivating students' innovative spirit", the scope of research should be fully defined. 3. The expression of scientific research topics should be complete. Generally speaking, the expression of scientific research topics should include three parts, namely, research questions, research objects and research methods. For example, the research on extracurricular reading of primary school students in Xicheng District of Beijing, the research problem is extracurricular reading, the research object is primary school students in Xicheng District of Beijing, and the research method is investigation. Some topics, such as "research on guiding students to learn to learn in junior high school mathematics teaching", can be described without writing research methods, but the research objects and problems must be clearly stated. For example, the research on the formation of autonomous learning ability is not comprehensive and lacks research objects. The research questions should be specific, and the overall scope of the research object should be clearly stated, such as; "Investigation on the extracurricular reading of primary school students" is not appropriate, because the overall scope of this expression has become the primary school students all over the world, and it is impossible to conduct an investigation. The overall scope of the research object is not only related to how to choose the research object, but also related to the scope of application of the research conclusion. 4. Scientific research topics should be expressed in strict terms. Scientific research topics should be expressed in rigorous terms, academic sentences, not "vernacular" and figurative sentences. For example, Talking about the Construction of Teaching Staff is not a science. Another example is "special love for special you", "repeated grasping, repeated grasping", "holding up tomorrow's sun" and "sailing confidently", which looks very vivid, but it is not rigorous and has no practical significance. Another example is "encouraging adventure and cultivating fluent oral English", which not only has no research object and scope, but also is not rigorous enough in "encouraging adventure". Second, the choice of scientific research topics Primary and secondary school teachers should pay attention to the following five principles when choosing scientific research topics. 1, the principle of necessity The so-called principle of necessity means that scientific research topics should first meet the needs of society, that is, starting from the needs of the development of sports practice, we should choose topics from various problems that need to be solved urgently in practical sports work. For example, there are many basic theories and application topics that need to be further studied in physical education teaching, extracurricular training and school physical education management in the field of school physical education; For another example, the discussion on the theory, mode, principles and methods of physical education teaching, the structural reform, curriculum reform and textbook reform in physical education class, and the cultivation of students' interest in physical education and lifelong physical education ability are all important research directions and problems. 2. The principle of innovation The so-called principle of innovation refers to the requirement that researchers put forward new ideas, new conclusions and make discoveries, progress and breakthroughs in research on the basis of existing achievements. The significance of scientific research is embodied in "innovation", and scientific research is most taboo to repeat the work of predecessors. When choosing a topic, we should first have innovative consciousness, curiosity, critical consciousness and pioneering spirit. We should not only learn from the achievements of our predecessors, but also be bound by their conclusions, so that we can choose new topics and achieve new results. We should have a comprehensive and correct understanding of innovation. Generally speaking, any topic with originality, advancement and novelty in essence can be considered as a creative topic. Innovation is not blindly pursuing fashion and being unconventional. Innovation can be understood from several aspects: the contents and problems of the discipline have not been studied and involved by predecessors, and new ideas and theories are put forward to establish a new discipline, that is, to fill the gap in a certain field; Correct the wrong views of predecessors or supplement and develop the theoretical views of predecessors; There are some materials abroad, which need to be studied in combination with the actual situation in China to fill the domestic gap; Summarize and highly summarize the good experience proved by practice and put forward new theories; Invent and compile new technologies, new tactics, new methods, new training equipment, new sports equipment and new materials in the research of sports application and development; Research on new teaching methods in physical education and development of small basketball stands. 3. The principle of feasibility The principle of feasibility refers to that the researcher should proceed from his own subjective and objective conditions, comprehensively consider whether it is possible to achieve the expected results, and appropriately select research topics. Anyone who conducts scientific research will be restricted by subjective and objective conditions. Sometimes, although the topic is very good, due to the lack of objective and subjective conditions, it can not be completed well, or even failed. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the degree of subjective and objective conditions in the actual research process to ensure the success of the research. Subjective conditions in scientific research include professional theoretical level, knowledge structure, scientific research methods and means, scientific research ability and experience, innovative consciousness and writing ability, which are the basic qualities of scientific researchers themselves. Objective conditions include necessary research instruments, equipment, tools, funds, documents, research objects, etc. These are the basic material conditions for scientific research. For example, when studying some theoretical problems in school physical education teaching and extracurricular activities, a large number of documents are needed, and when studying students' physique, some necessary instruments and equipment and research objects are needed. In addition, when choosing a topic, we should pay attention to the moderate difficulty and appropriate size of the topic, and avoid being too grand and too sad. People who are engaged in scientific research for the first time should choose some topics with small research scope and easy completion, which are urgently needed to be solved in this major. Physical education teachers in primary and secondary schools should choose their scientific research topics from their familiar psychological aspects, such as school physical education teaching, extracurricular sports activities and training, students' physical development, students' learning attitude and motivation. 4. The principle of continuity The principle of continuity means that it is best to choose what you have learned when choosing a topic, and constantly explore the depth and breadth in this direction to maintain the continuity of research. Maintaining the continuity of topic selection plays a great role in forming research advantages and making research develop in depth. Generally speaking, we can choose a long-term research direction, and draw up a short-term feasible and sure scientific research topic according to the current possibility. In the progress of research work, we will continue to strive for conditions and work hard in the selected direction. It is not advisable to use a hammer in the east and a wooden stick in the west. 5. Interest principle Interest is one of the important conditions for the initiative and creativity in dealing with work. Whether a person is interested in a subject is related to his preparation for the subject. Once the subject is of interest to them, researchers will have a strong sense of responsibility, and fully mobilize their subjective initiative, go all out, even forget to eat and sleep, and fight day and night. Therefore, researchers should be allowed to choose topics according to their own interests on the premise of obeying the overall needs. At the same time, individuals also have different characteristics in research, such as being good at theoretical research, experimental research, observation and investigation, etc. Individuals should choose topics according to their own specialties.