Froebel's educational thought.
The principle of unification
The principle of unity put forward by Froebel originated from the development of natural science in Europe and his religious thought. In Froebel's view, the fate and mission of all things is to show their essence, that is, to show their spirit of God. The difference between human beings is that human beings, as the noblest creatures with consciousness and autonomy, can feel, understand and know the spirit of God existing in themselves.
Human beings must first understand nature, then understand human nature, and finally understand the unity of God. The essence of education is to enable people to freely and consciously express their own essence, that is, the spirit of God. The primary task of education is to help mankind gradually understand the unity of nature, humanity and God.
Follow the principles of nature
Froebel believes that since divinity is the essence and root of human nature, then human nature must be good. Therefore, according to the function of God's spirit and the perfection and primitive soundness of human beings, the initial basic signs of education, teaching and training must be tolerance and obedience. The purpose is to protect the spirit of God and avoid the loss of the spirit of God in people. Freedom and self-determination are the purpose and pursuit of all education and all life.
Principles of development
In the history of world education, Freud applied the concept of "evolution" in natural philosophy to human development and education for the first time. Froebel regards human nature as something that is constantly developing and growing. In its view, the development process of human beings also follows the evolution process of nature, and they all experience a progressive sequence from imperfect to perfect, from low to advanced, from simple to complex.
The principle of creation
The principle of creation and the principle of unity are interrelated. Froebel believes that God created man in his own copy, and man should also create like God. And man created it only to show the essence of God that exists in man. For the education of the younger generation, it is necessary for them to engage in external work and production activities training as soon as possible, which is precisely to show the essence of God from the outside in action and work.