1, collectivism education through class culture
The so-called class culture refers to the synthesis of beliefs, values, attitudes towards life and behaviors shared by class members. It was jointly created by teachers and students, which in turn influenced its founders, especially young students. Class collectives have the power to change students' individual behaviors and attract students' cohesion. This cohesion comes from students' compliance with certain normative values established within the class collective, which strongly links students' individual motivation needs with the class collective goals, so that the class collective behavior deeply affects students' individual behavior. Therefore, class culture represents the collective ideals, wishes and interests of all teachers and students in the class. The construction of class culture is an indispensable link in class collective construction and an important link in collectivism education.
2, through the interpersonal relationship of the class collective collectivism education.
Class collectivity is not only a common activity system mediated by classroom teaching, but also an interpersonal relationship system characterized by direct communication and emotional contact. As far as its nature and content are concerned, the interpersonal relationship of the class collective includes not only the elements of democracy and centralism, cooperation and mutual assistance, but also autocracy and obedience, standardization and non-standardization, rebellion and alienation. These relationships not only dynamically transmit and feed back the changes and development of macro-social relations, but also restrict the communication between collective members and the tendency of personality development. Good interpersonal relationship is an important symbol of socialist spiritual civilization construction. For example, the thoughts, feelings and attitudes of interpersonal relationships are important contents of moral ability, while good social perception, good communication and the ability to unite with others are the elements of intellectual education. At the same time, good interpersonal relationship is an effective incentive means, whether it is knowledge imparting or moral education. Class collective education activities are organized and enriched in interpersonal communication, and almost all collective activities exchange information in the form of interpersonal communication. Therefore, the richer the collective interpersonal communication, the broader the field of educational activities. Reasonable, orderly and good interpersonal relationship construction of class collective is an important channel of collectivism education. On the other hand, if in a class group, the activities of irregular groups are extremely active, which leads to the tension and complexity of interpersonal relationships within the class group, which will reduce the cohesion of the group and directly affect the efficiency of school education.
3. Carry out collectivism education through various colorful activities.
Education is inseparable from activities. How to make students receive subtle education in colorful activities and get rid of the rigid "preaching" mode is the embodiment of the effectiveness of moral education under the new situation.
Conduct collectivism education through learning activities. Learning is the most important activity for students, which occupies most of their time in school. Suhomlinski pointed out: "Learning is the basic form of students' active activities, starting from the first day of school. It provides great and endless possibilities for students' collectivism education and their moral experience of life and labor in the collective. " Collectivism education should first penetrate into learning activities, and teachers should take mutual learning, mutual help and common progress in learning as an important method to cultivate students' collectivism spirit. At present, cooperative learning in research-based learning in senior high schools provides a broader stage for collectivism education. Secondly, we should strive for excellent grades as the goal of the whole class, unify our own learning goals with the goals of the class, pool the wisdom of all students, and let all students get full and comprehensive development, so as to cultivate a sense of collective responsibility.
Collective education through cultural and sports activities. Cultural and sports activities are an important part of students' life, which plays a great role in promoting students' personality perfection and guiding students' psychological healthy growth. Cultural and sports activities carried out under the guidance of collectivism principle should not only consider improving students' artistic and sports level, but also consider cultivating and strengthening the cohesion of class collectives, improving students' collective concepts and consciousness, and strengthening the idea that individuals win glory for the collective and everyone contributes. From this perspective, in addition to individual events, it is more important to organize activities and competitions in groups, classes and grades. From the selection of chorus, relay and ball games to the usual rehearsal, and even uniform clothing, it is an excellent cultivation of collective concept and consciousness. For students who have no professional knowledge of style, they should also provide opportunities to serve their classmates and class groups and display their talents. If every student has his own job and is an active participant in the activities, then the spring of thinking of loving and caring for the collective can quietly penetrate into the hearts of students.
Carry out collectivism education through daily management. Conventional management represents the management level of a class and can reflect all aspects of a class's collective literacy. For example, the management of public property can cultivate students' collective concept. There are many public properties in schools and classes: desks and chairs, labor tools, televisions, projectors, fire-fighting facilities, etc. Therefore, when caring for public property, we should pay special attention to "small things" such as turning off the lights on time and turning off the faucet in time, and cultivate the good habit of saving water and electricity from an early age. This will help to extend the class's "small collective" consciousness to the school's "big collective" in time, and cultivate students' big collective concept and consciousness, because water and electricity are in charge of the school, and the class's "small collective" concept is relatively easy to cultivate, while the school's big collective concept is difficult to cultivate. However, after this difficult point is broken, the real collectivism concept can be formed.
Fourth, creating excellent class groups is the key to collectivism education.
In the implementation of collectivism education, all teachers, headed by the head teacher, should work together to build an excellent class collective. There are many ways to create excellent class collectives, and the author thinks that we should mainly start with collective consciousness.
1. Set the common goal of the whole class. The goal is the direction and motivation of the class. Once the goal of "excellent class collective" is determined, the head teacher can put forward the goal of the class collective in stages according to the actual situation of the class collective, and turn the goal into the will and action of the class collective in time, and turn it into the internal goal and behavior of each student, which becomes the ideal pursuit and code of conduct of each student.
2. Form a good class atmosphere and correct collective public opinion in time. Once a good class spirit and correct public opinion are formed, it will provide a good environment and great influence on the construction of class collectives and the progress of all students, and exert a subtle influence on the formation of collectivism and good behavior norms, with a subtle educational effect.
3. Form strict collective discipline in time. Strict class discipline is the guarantee to form a good class spirit and make the class collective have combat effectiveness and cohesion. According to school rules and regulations, student behavior norms, etc. The head teacher should formulate the class discipline and norms suitable for the students' behavior norms in this class, which will be transformed into the will and requirements of all students through the class meeting and become the conscious constraints and norms of students' behavior.
4. Carefully design activities suitable for students' psychological characteristics. Through group activities, it is an important carrier and channel to unite all students under the class goal, so that students can influence, understand and learn from each other in the activities, thus cultivating the overall behavior of loving the group, which is to create an excellent class group and enhance the collective cohesion.
5. Create conditions for collective life. Young students have a strong sense of belonging. Every student has the need of communication and activities with others, as well as the need of self-development and realization of self-value and ideal. The satisfaction of these needs can not be separated from the collective, so there is a demand that individuals belong to the collective. It can be seen that the formation of a student's strong collectivism concept and consciousness is based on participating in and experiencing the collective life of excellent classes.
An excellent class group has a strong cohesion and a United collective atmosphere. Students who grow up in such a class group can feel the warmth of the group, and then form emotional resonance, so that students' personality can be fully and harmoniously developed, and collectivism can be consolidated in such an environment and atmosphere. Therefore, building excellent class collectivity is the best way to educate students in collectivism, so the most important thing is to strengthen class collectivism education.