Article 1 Children's common sense of traffic safety
First of all, every time parents take their children out, they can introduce all kinds of basic traffic safety knowledge to them along the way, such as traffic lights and various traffic signs and markings. I have a formula that I can recommend to Bao Ma. "You should remember the traffic markings and obey the command and guidance; All lines have strict discipline and good safe passage order. " Then, parents can tell their children what to pay attention to when traveling. For example, when you come home from school, you should observe discipline, queue up, and walk on the sidewalk in an orderly manner under the escort of the teacher. When crossing the road, you should take the crosswalk. We must take the sidewalk. Where there is no sidewalk, you should walk on the roadside. When you walk, you should concentrate. You shouldn't play or read while walking. Don't walk side by side in groups of three or five, and don't chase cars. In addition to traffic safety, parents should also educate their children not to do things that hinder traffic safety and not to gather and stay in crowded places, so as not to affect the passage of others. When crossing the highway, you should take the crosswalk. When there is no crosswalk, you should see the road clearly, and when there is no vehicle, you should pass quickly.
Finally, I also suggest that parents can buy some graphic versions of traffic safety manuals for their babies to learn. Vivid words and colorful pictures can help their babies learn faster.
Chapter II Common Sense of Children's Traffic Safety
Pay attention to traffic safety when walking. When children go to school and leave school, it is the most crowded time of the day. There are many people and cars, so we must pay great attention to traffic safety.
1, walk on the road and walk on the sidewalk; For roads without sidewalks, take the roadside.
2. When going out in groups, walk in an organized and orderly way; When going out together, don't chase, fight and play with each other; Pay attention to your surroundings when you walk. Don't look around, read newspapers or do other things while you walk.
3. On the road section without traffic police command, learn to avoid motor vehicles and don't argue with them.
4. Wear colorful clothes in foggy, rainy and snowy days, so that motorists can find the target as soon as possible and take safety measures in advance. In some cities, primary school students wear small yellow hats when they go out, and they also hold "Rang" plates when they take part in group activities, in order to let motor vehicles find and avoid them in time. This practice should be advocated.
Pay special attention when crossing the road.
When crossing the road, the possible risk factors will increase greatly, so pay special attention to safety.
1, crossing the road, you must obey the command of the traffic police; It is necessary to obey the traffic rules and achieve "green light, red light stops".
2. When crossing the road, take the crosswalk line; In sections with overpasses and underpasses, you should consciously take overpasses and underpasses.
Safety precautions when riding.
1, by bus: queue up to get on the bus, get off first and then get on the bus, and be a sensible child; In the car, don't stick your head out of the window, which is easy to be scratched by other cars; Don't sit in the driving car seat and read; When there is no seat, pull the armrest around you; Don't throw things inside and outside the car; Don't run around in the moving carriage, it's easy to fall down; Don't eat in the car, especially popsicles and kebabs.
2, take a taxi: it is dangerous to rush to the middle of the road to stop the car, you can see it by waving to the driver's uncle on the side of the road; Get off from the right when you get off, and pay attention to the vehicles and pedestrians behind you; Before you get off the bus, see if there is anything on the chair. Don't leave anything in the taxi. If you want to cross the road when you get off the bus, it is safer to walk behind the taxi than in front.
3. Take the car driven by parents as an example: don't ask questions and sing, so parents will be distracted and affect driving; Do not open the door, sit quietly in the back row; Parents can drive safely by taking the child safety seat; Don't take the co-pilot, don't pull the steering wheel and shift lever, which may cause accidents; You can't put sharp toys in the carriage, which is easy to get hurt.
Know the traffic lights
1, when the green light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are allowed to pass.
2. When the yellow light is on, vehicles crossing the stop line and pedestrians entering the sidewalk are allowed to pass.
When the red light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are not allowed to pass.
Chapter III Common Sense of Children's Traffic Safety
Road traffic injuries have become one of the main causes of children's death, and road traffic accidents have become a serious public health problem in the world. According to the report on global road safety in 20 18 released by the World Health Organization, 186300 children die from road traffic injuries every year in the world, of which13 die during riding. According to the Statistical Annual Report of Road Traffic Accidents in China (20 17), 2,954 children were killed and13,938 children were injured by road traffic accidents. Road traffic injuries among children have become the second leading cause of death among children aged 1- 14 and the first leading cause of death among adolescents aged 15- 19 in China.
Child injuries are completely preventable! "Healthy China Action (20 19-2030)" clearly points out that it is necessary to promote the popularization of health knowledge and the promotion of healthy environment. For a long time, the hospital has attached great importance to the prevention of child injury, widely popularized the concept and skills of child injury prevention through videos, pictures and cartoons, and actively cooperated in the aspects of children's drug safety and parents' safety education.
Work together to reduce children's road traffic injuries.
In order to reduce children's road traffic injuries, the World Health Organization put forward ten actions for children's road traffic safety, including formulating laws and regulations, strengthening law enforcement, improving roads, using child restraint systems and helmets, improving vehicle design, emergency care, monitoring children's behavior, controlling drunk driving, improving children's visibility and driver management.
In June 5438+last year 10, in the newly revised Law on the Protection of Minors, China made specific provisions for the first time on the obligation of parents or other guardians to ensure children's road traffic safety: parents or other guardians should "equip minors with child safety seats, educate minors to abide by traffic rules and other measures to prevent minors from being injured by traffic accidents". In April this year, the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security deployed a nationwide "one helmet and one belt" security guard operation to enhance the public's awareness of wearing safety helmets and using seat belts.
The prevention of children's road traffic injuries can't be done by ourselves, and it needs the joint efforts of public security traffic control departments, legal departments, educational institutions, medical circles, scientific research institutions, social organizations, media and other parties. Only by common concern and cooperation can we create an environment that is more friendly to children and more conducive to injury prevention from the aspects of product safety, legal system, system governance and popular science education.
"One helmet and one belt" reduces the risk of death, and wearing skills are essential.
"Road traffic injuries are easier to prevent than diseases." Using effective tools such as "one helmet and one belt" can greatly reduce the death rate of children in road traffic accidents. Proper use of child safety seats can reduce the infant mortality rate by 70% and 54%-80% in the collision of traffic accidents. Using helmets correctly when riding can reduce the risk of death by 42% and head injury by 69%. To this end, we hope to have relevant regulations and standards to promote the correct use of children's helmets.
So, what precautions do parents have when using safety helmets and safety seats correctly for their children?
Wear your helmet correctly. In the event of a collision, wearing a qualified helmet will better protect our heads. Step 1, make sure that the helmet is the right size. By measuring around the forehead above the child's eyebrows with a clothing belt or rope, the size of the child's head circumference can be obtained more accurately, and the corresponding size on the helmet label can be selected accordingly. The second step is to ensure that the helmet is tight by adjusting the helmet pad or internal elastic adjuster. Step 3, adjust the side rope to make the buckle belt form a V-shape on both sides of the ear. The fourth step is to adjust the rope at the chin to adapt to one or two fingers of parents to ensure proper tightness. The fifth step is to check and adjust frequently to prevent children from loosening their buttons. In addition, it should be debugged before each wear.
Article 4 Children's common sense of traffic safety
1. The main causes of traffic accidents among children and adolescents are: 1. Don't obey the traffic rules. The proportion of such traffic accidents is very high. Looking up the traffic accident files of the public security traffic department, we can find that most of the responsible parties in childhood traffic accidents are the victims, such as young children crossing the road without adults, not taking sidewalks or crosswalks, playing on the roadside, running red lights, riding bicycles, etc.
2. traffic signs are not eye-catching. In some areas, traffic lights have been damaged for a long time without being repaired or their handwriting is blurred, crosswalk signs are unclear, and signs are not set on crowded sections. Some harsh natural conditions, such as fog, snow, rain, night, etc., will make traffic signs difficult to identify, which is also one of the reasons for traffic accidents.
3. Driving in violation of regulations. Drunk driving, fatigue driving, not wearing a seat belt, speeding, running a red light, driving by minors, and children under 12 riding bicycles on the road.
The prevention and treatment of children's traffic accidents is a comprehensive management project, which needs multidisciplinary research, multi-sectoral joint management and the common concern of the whole society. We should start with traffic laws and regulations education, vehicle road maintenance, driver quality and technical training, adult supervision and so on.
2. Preschool children are high-risk groups of traffic accidents. What measures should be taken to prevent traffic accidents among preschool children?
1, strengthen the supervision of infants and young children, and don't let children walk alone on the road with many people and cars;
2. Popularize traffic safety knowledge in nurseries and kindergartens;
Children must walk on the sidewalk when they go to the road, and they must be accompanied by their parents. When crossing the road, parents should hold their children's hands;
4. Don't let children ride children's tricycles on sidewalks, highways and narrow roads next to horses;
5. Don't let children ride bicycles where other vehicles pass after dusk;
6. Fasten your child's seat belt when you take your child by car, and parents should also fasten their seat belts.
7. Set a good example for children and cultivate children's awareness of obeying traffic rules from an early age, which is also the most critical preventive measure.
It is worth parents' attention: don't think that driving with children will not happen as long as you hold them tightly in your arms. In fact, parents' hands are not the guarantee of children's safety, and this practice may not work when the speed is very slow. This is a question of consciousness. You know, the impact of a child in a high-speed collision accident is equivalent to the weight of an elephant, and the consequences are very serious. Therefore, the correct way to take a child out by car should be to fix him in the child's "special seat"-the child safety seat, just like an adult is protected by a seat belt. Many countries in the world have legislated for parents to do so.
Three, children of different ages use safety seats and wear seat belts:
1. An insurance company survey shows that for children aged 0-4, the probability of casualties or serious injuries in the front seat is five times higher than that in the back seat. Therefore, a backward child safety seat should be adopted. Because when the two cars collided head-on, the head of the child sitting in the front seat was thrown forward, forced to bend sharply downwards in the sternum direction, and then bent sharply backwards and upwards. How can a child bear such nervousness?
2. When the older children can't sit in the child seat, they can choose the child safety cushion, mainly for children aged 3 to 10. Child safety seat cushion can reduce the impact on children's abdomen. After the child is raised, you can use a seat belt to protect the child's chest and head and neck. Seemingly simple measures can improve the safety factor by 80%, which is really simple and efficient.