1. Microeconomics, also known as microeconomics, is a branch of modern economics, which mainly studies a single economic unit (single producer, single consumer and single market economic activity). Microeconomics is an economic theory that studies the economic behavior of a single economic unit in society and how to determine the single value of the corresponding economic variables. This paper analyzes the economic behavior of individual economic units, on this basis, studies the operation of modern western economic and social market mechanism and its role in the allocation of economic resources, and puts forward microeconomic policies to correct the market failure in the process of exchange between individuals and organizations in a heart society. Its basic problem is resource allocation decision, and its basic theory is the theory of determining relative price through the relationship between supply and demand. Therefore, the main research scope of microeconomics includes consumer choice, manufacturer supply and income distribution.
2. Research content: Microeconomics has a wide range of contents, including: equilibrium price theory, consumer behavior theory, producer behavior theory, distribution theory, general equilibrium theory and welfare economics, market rigidity and microeconomic policy. Research direction of microeconomics: microeconomics studies the economic behavior of individuals in the market, that is, the economic behavior of a single family, a single manufacturer and a single market and the corresponding economic variables. Based on the basic concept of resource scarcity, it holds that all individuals' codes of conduct strive to achieve the maximum harvest with limited resources, so as to examine the conditions for individuals to achieve the maximum harvest. In the commodity and labor market, families as consumers make choices according to the different prices of various commodities, trying to get the greatest utility or satisfaction from the quantity of various commodities purchased with limited income. Therefore, the task of microeconomics is to study the market mechanism and its function, the decision of equilibrium price and how the market mechanism can obtain the conditions and ways of optimal allocation of resources by regulating individual behavior. Microeconomics is the economics of market mechanism. It takes price as the analysis center, so it is also called price theory. Microeconomics also examines the theoretical basis of how the government takes intervention actions and measures when the market mechanism fails. Microeconomics was gradually established on the basis of Marshall's equilibrium price theory and absorbed the monopoly competition theory of American economist Chamberlain and British economist Robinson.