1, the decline of official learning: among these factors, political reasons are more direct than economic reasons.

(1) Hereditary system led the nobles to neglect education.

(2) The decline of kingship led to the neglect of schools: the decline of kingship, the destruction of etiquette, and everything could not be done according to the old system. The emperor's bravery, the governors' efforts, and local rural studies all exist in name only.

(3) War turmoil broke the old cultural monopoly: the rulers were too busy with war to care about education; During the period of turmoil, cultural officials and declining nobles wandered around, taking books and utensils out of the government and giving full play to their teaching profession, that is, "the emperor lost his official position and learned from four foreigners", resulting in the phenomenon of "culture moving down"

2. The change of scholar class and the new demand of education;

(1) The constant change and growth of the scholar class has also acted as a pioneer in the historical trend of academic downward movement.

(2) Scholars can play an important role in political or military struggle. In order to fight, the rulers of various vassal States and the emerging landlord class competed for "selecting scholars" and "cultivating scholars", and the wind of cultivating scholars began to take shape.

(3) A large number of free people in the society are scrambling to engage in the profession of "scholars", so they need to learn culture, and learning culture must be taught by teachers, which has become the driving force for the development of education in the new era.

(4) Traditional official learning and six arts can't meet the requirements of cultivating scholars, and a new educational institution-private learning is needed.

3. The promotion of cultural change to the rise of private schools:

There are all kinds of academic talents among the people, and there are ancient books that record historical and cultural thoughts. As learning materials, they provide conditions for the emergence and development of private schools.