? Everyone knows the importance of education, which is very important for the country, school teachers, parents and people themselves. Articles about education are overwhelming, and each has its own reasons. Only by studying the natural laws in pedagogy can we make our education more reasonable and rational, and we can get the educational achievements we want, otherwise we will be punished regularly, which is counterproductive.

Recently, I read Whitehead's The Purpose of Education and was deeply inspired. I want to share some feelings for your reference.

1. Educational purpose

? Whitehead said in his book that students are flesh and blood, and the purpose of education is to inspire and guide their self-development path. Self-development is the most valuable intellectual development. Our goal is to cultivate talents in special fields with extensive cultural literacy and professional knowledge. Their professional knowledge can give them the basis for progress and soaring, and their extensive culture makes them as profound as philosophy and as elegant as art. ..

We don't want to train working robots, but to train people who have ideas and can use knowledge to improve the world. All educational activities and methods should serve this purpose. Those methods of memorizing knowledge are no longer applicable. On the contrary, they are heuristic and experiential teaching methods, which enable students to learn how to acquire knowledge and solve problems with knowledge.

2. How to deal with the relationship between the study of cultural and scientific knowledge and the cultivation of literary and artistic literacy?

Whitehead elaborated technical education and its relationship with science and literature in his book. He pointed out that literature and art should play a very important role in a healthy and organized country. Art is to human society what sunlight is to nature. The existence of art makes us feel the beauty of this world and enriches our hearts. The ideal state of technical education is "work is entertainment, and entertainment is life." Work should be full of wisdom and moral imagination, so as to overcome the so-called boredom and fatigue brought by work and make work a pleasure.

It is a natural need for people to have a normal rest after working in the same job for a long time. Literature and art can make the tired brain change its way of activity, free people from boredom and boredom, and feel the joy and happiness of life. If the content of our education today is divided into cultural and scientific knowledge and literary and artistic accomplishment, for people with thinking and spiritual needs, cultural and scientific knowledge will arm people's hands and cultural and artistic accomplishment will arm people's spiritual world. Without the support of the spiritual world, no matter how dexterous their hands are, they can't feel the happiness of life. Therefore, while attaching importance to the study of cultural courses, we must not neglect the cultivation of literary literacy.

3. Different learning contents should conform to the rhythm of intelligence.

Whitehead named the process of intellectual development as: romantic stage, precise stage and comprehensive application stage. It is pointed out that different courses and different learning methods should be adopted at different stages of students' psychological development. In other words, we must harvest the right crops in the right season.

? Romantic stage is the perceptual stage of life, accurate stage is the analysis and systematization stage of perceptual knowledge, and comprehensive application stage is the stage of knowledge innovation and application. Different knowledge content has different rhythms and forms different cycles at different stages of children's growth.

For example, the acquisition of language ability can be said to be the first cycle of intellectual development, from birth to children can speak, which is the romantic stage of language; Then enter the precise stage of language learning, language can be used as a medium to classify objects and expand the happiness generated in the process of cognitive things. Finally, from the age of 12 to the age of 15, he must enrich himself with a lot of language content to prepare for comprehensive application. The romantic stage of scientific knowledge begins in primary school. At this stage, students should observe and experiment by themselves and have a conceptual understanding of science. The romantic stage of science will last until 15 years old. Secondly, the comprehensive use of language and the precise stage of science. At this stage, it is necessary to concentrate on scientific study so that students can deeply understand the important principles that determine the development of machinery, physics, chemistry, algebra and geometry. As shown in the following table.

? It can be seen that the process of human intelligence development presents a rhythm, which presents a universal law that is effective and reliable for most students. Our education must adapt to the corresponding stages of students' intelligence development rhythm. Unjustified "pulling out the seedlings to encourage" or delaying education will be punished regularly, which will affect the educational effect. Of course, everyone's intellectual development rhythm is slightly different, and the dividing line in the whole rhythm is not clear, so it is necessary for educators to teach students in accordance with their aptitude after clarifying the law.

We don't like fools who do things by imagination without knowledge, and we don't like nerds who do things by knowledge but lack creativity and imagination. The purpose of education should be clear and the methods of education should be appropriate. Similarly, for educators, they should be full of enthusiasm, pay attention to learning and seek truth from facts. Based on the understanding of educational objects and educational theories, our education will be more rational.