First, the importance of medical ethics education for medical students
(A) the needs of social and medical development
At present, the disharmonious factors such as medical corruption, doctor-patient tension and medical disputes in the medical and health industry not only hinder the development of China's medical and health undertakings, but also affect the realization of the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a harmonious socialist society. The reasons include imperfect medical system, improper allocation of medical resources, reconstruction of social moral system and medical college.
It is also a very important reason that proofreaders do not pay enough attention to medical ethics education during their school days.
(B) the necessity of inheriting China's traditional medical ethics.
Medical ethics is an important part of China's traditional culture, an important embodiment of the excellent quality of the Chinese nation and a valuable spiritual wealth [1]. China's traditional medical ethics has a long history, rich content and perfect system, which is an important standard for doctors to measure their medical skills. Taking China's traditional medical ethics thought as China's unique medical ethics thought and humanistic accomplishment is of great help to the education of medical students, and it is of great help to students to take up their jobs in the future, become medical workers with both ability and political integrity, and form good professional ethics accomplishment and medical ethics emotion; At the same time, it is also the inheritance and development of Chinese traditional medical ethics.
(C) the ideological and political education needs of medical students
Medical ethics education for medical students is an important part of ideological and political education and moral education in colleges and universities, an indispensable part of quality education for medical students, and a concrete embodiment of communist morality in the field of medicine and health. The purpose is to cultivate medical students' socialist medical ethics quality, so that students can establish a communist moral concept as the ideological basis and establish a communist professional moral ideal and code of conduct system. Only when medical students have good ideological and political level and quality can they establish socialist beliefs and lay a good foundation for becoming socialist medical workers with noble medical ethics in the future. Medical ethics is an important part of China's core value system and Socialism with Chinese characteristics's theoretical system. Through ideological and political education for medical students, students' theoretical literacy can be enhanced, and the theoretical systems of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism with Chinese characteristics can be correctly understood, so that they can firmly establish the values of people-oriented and collectivism, serve the people wholeheartedly and promote the establishment of socialist medical ethics [2].
In medical colleges and universities, ideological and political education and medical ethics education are complementary and inseparable, and run through the whole process of students' study at school.
Second, the way of medical ethics education for students
(A) medical ethics education should run through the whole process of school education.
1.
Entrance education. The cultivation of medical ethics is a systematic process. From the moment students enter the university, we should lay a good foundation for this process, integrate medical ethics education into freshmen's entrance education, and let students have a preliminary understanding of their role as medical students. Education is required for freshmen every year, which requires students to combine professional learning with the cultivation of medical ethics. "Doctors have no virtue, and it is unbearable to be a doctor." Cite a large number of medical ethics models and advanced medical ethics deeds as factual basis to make students realize the importance of improving their humanistic quality and establishing correct medical ethics, and strive to cultivate themselves into medical workers with exquisite medical skills and noble medical ethics. Through the entrance education of freshmen, students can realize their mission as a medical worker, establish the medical ethics orientation of selfless dedication and service to the society, and lay a good foundation for the next stage of medical ethics education.
2.
The school offers relevant medical ethics education courses. Classroom education is the most important way for students to receive medical ethics education. While teaching medical courses to students, schools should pay more attention to and strengthen the humanities and social sciences education for medical students, and reform the backward curriculum structure and teaching content. The ideological and political theory course in medical colleges should not only give political guidance and ideological construction to students, but also strengthen the infiltration and combination with medical courses, further improve the pertinence of the ideological and political course, so that this course can play its due role in shaping students' personality and cultivating medical ethics; Construct a humanistic quality curriculum system combining the characteristics of humanistic courses and medical majors, and combine humanistic quality education with medical professional education to cultivate all-round medical talents [3].
In addition, we should combine the characteristics of today's development, learn from the experience of humanities and social sciences education in foreign medical colleges, add medical insurance system reform, medical and health care, hospital and society, and doctor's professional ethics training in medical humanities courses, broaden students' thinking and vision, mobilize medical students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning humanities courses, and cultivate their humanistic quality, so as to promote the development of medical ethics education for medical students.
3.
Emphasize the role of teachers in educating people. Teachers are the soul teachers of ergonomics and the main implementers of teaching and educating people in schools. Cultivating and shaping medical students' medical ethics is not only the work of ideological and political counselors and "two courses" teachers, but also the responsibility of medical professional teachers. Teachers of specialized courses should integrate medical ethics education into specialized courses, not only teaching students medical knowledge and skills, but also teaching students correct medical ethics and professional ethics. Therefore, professional teachers should have noble humanistic quality and medical ethics, and put their own political attitude, professional quality, sense of responsibility and mission to the country and the people and other factors that can directly affect students' medical ethics feelings into educational situations such as teacher-student communication and classroom teaching. After entering the clinical practice stage, medical students' medical ethics education has been further strengthened. As a hospital teacher with dual identities of doctor and teacher, his medical ethics, academic attitude and superb medical skills have an immersive influence and appeal on students. This influence comes from medical teachers' leading by example and setting an example in clinical work. Teachers should also strengthen the assessment system for interns, guide students to conduct self-evaluation and self-monitoring of medical ethics in practice, strengthen students' awareness of self-education, make students consciously improve medical ethics, and make them regard the cultivation of medical ethics as the improvement of medical skills in the future, forming a long-term mechanism [4].
(B) through the construction of school environment to promote medical ethics education
1. Class construction promotes medical ethics education. Class is the most direct way to unite students, enhance their cohesion and sense of collective identity and belonging. Good class culture can effectively exert the role of collective influence and promote the improvement of medical students' medical ethics.
In the construction of class culture, we can choose medical students' oaths, Hippocratic oaths and famous sayings and deeds of famous medical experts and medical ethics models at home and abroad to make wall newspapers, hang them on the classroom walls, infect students through clear and vivid written language, and remember our mission as medical students. Set up newspaper racks and bookshelves in the classroom, subscribe and buy newspapers and books related to medical ethics education by using class fees, and broaden and supplement classroom teaching content; The league branch of the class carries out medical ethics education activities by making medical ethics posters to strengthen students' understanding of medical ethics; Students set up a medical ethics study group in the dormitory to write their learning experiences regularly, so that students can pay attention to the cultivation of medical ethics in their lives. In this way, integrating medical ethics education into students' self-education, self-management and self-service can enhance medical students' awareness of medical ethics cultivation.
Through the theme class meeting, we will collectively study and discuss medical ethics, and use classroom multimedia to display video materials of medical ethics education, such as CCTV's "Everyone" column medical master series and TV documentary "Famous Doctors". These medical masters are not only high in medical level, but also noble in personality and medical ethics, which is a model that puts medical skills and medical ethics in the same important position. By watching these materials, students can further understand the mission and responsibility of doctors, which has a positive guiding role for medical students whose medical ethics are forming, and also provides vivid teaching materials and models for medical ethics education, which stimulates students' consciousness of contributing to society and serving the people.
Good class spirit can not only strengthen students' initiative and enthusiasm in improving medical ethics, but also exert the collective influence effect through the class to form a good public opinion environment for students to learn from each other.
2. Campus culture construction promotes medical ethics education. Campus culture construction is an important part of higher education. We should integrate medical ethics education into the construction of campus culture, give full play to the ideological and political education and moral education functions of campus culture, optimize the educational environment, expand the space and channels of medical ethics education for students, and create a good atmosphere conducive to the cultivation of medical ethics for medical students.
Schools are the main participants and implementers of campus culture construction. Schools should combine their own development history and actual situation, cultivate the spirit of school spirit and motto that can reflect the spirit of medicine and inspire people to forge ahead, and create a positive and enterprising campus humanistic atmosphere that abides by medical ethics. Set up school history walls, publicity windows, newspaper columns and some scenic spots and signs with rich connotations that can show medical humanities on campus; Pictures and deeds of famous medical experts are hung in the library hall; Inspirational headlines and famous doctors' sayings are posted in teaching buildings and classrooms. Promote the improvement of students' medical ethics through these intangible education.
The Youth League Committee and the student union and student associations under its leadership should often hold campus cultural activities with the theme of medical ethics education. For example, carry out model education, invite models on the medical front to come to the school to make advanced deeds reports for students, and let students realize that doctors' duty is to save lives and implement revolutionary humanitarianism; Use the annual Nurses' Day, AIDS Day, World Environment Day and other related publicity activities to enhance students' sense of social responsibility; Organize various student activities around the theme of medical ethics, such as campus art festivals, and integrate medical ethics education into various competitions and performances.
Through campus culture, students can always be influenced by medical ethics, find common ground in activities, and stimulate the enthusiasm of improving medical ethics.
3.
Using internet to carry out medical ethics education. The rapid development of Internet provides us with abundant information resources and information retrieval methods. The timeliness, universality, openness and interactivity of the network enable us to broaden our horizons and obtain information and new knowledge in time; However, the disorder of the network makes some bad information spread at will, which is of great significance to college students in the period of stereotyped world outlook, outlook on life and values.
Personality and quality will have a negative impact. Therefore, medical colleges and universities should attach importance to network construction, make full use of network advantages, grasp the initiative of education, and open up a network classroom for medical ethics education [5].
Set up a special column on medical ethics education in the campus network to introduce the latest medical trends, national medical regulations and policies, medical ethics norms, ancient medical ethics models, modern medical ethics models, famous teachers in the school, video materials, online stacks, etc. The message section allows students to leave their own medical ethics feelings, and at the same time links to some websites of ideological and political education and moral quality construction, which is convenient for students to browse these websites; Use QQ course
Group, counselor blog, campus BBS
Online interactive discussion and interactive learning are carried out on the network platform, and moral education teachers are invited to conduct online teaching and case discussion to solve students' moral confusion. The above measures can not only guide students to make rational use of network resources, but also strengthen the effect of medical ethics education, improve the initiative and enthusiasm of students' medical ethics training, and make medical ethics education transform into students' internal conscious behavior through the network.
Through the social environment of the school, we should build hidden courses and expand the ways of medical ethics education, so that hidden education can run through students' study and life and influence and edify students imperceptibly.
(C) School related institutions to participate in medical ethics education
1.
Give full play to the role of the party and functional departments in medical ethics education. Give full play to the political and organizational advantages of the party Committee and the general branch of the school and do a good job in ideological and political education for medical students. In particular, we should attach importance to the cultivation of student party member and the construction of student party organizations, attract outstanding college students with both ability and political integrity to join the Party, give play to the vanguard and exemplary role of student party member, and promote the development of medical ethics education through ideological and political education.
The Youth League Committee of the school and the Youth League Committee of the department should give full play to the advantages of education, contact and unity of students, and integrate the medical ethics education of students into their daily work to serve the improvement of students' medical ethics. For example, during the summer vacation, the Youth League Committee organized a "three rural areas" medical volunteer service team to go deep into the community and rural areas to carry out medical and health services such as compulsory physical examination, medical consultation and health knowledge publicity to solve problems for the masses; Use holidays to organize students to go to nearby communities, nursing homes and orphanages to carry out free clinics and help work, provide regular physical examinations for poor families and widowed elderly people, and provide basic medical security services. Participating in social practice not only improves students' consciousness of contributing to society and serving the people wholeheartedly, but also enables medical students to form firm medical ethics beliefs and career ideals in participating in social practice activities.
The propaganda department takes the education of students' medical ethics as the theme, makes a propaganda plan, plays its role as a mouthpiece, and promotes the development of medical ethics education in schools by using campus media such as campus radio, campus TV station and school newspaper.
In order to bring medical ethics into normal teaching, academic departments should combine the characteristics of current social development with the reform and innovation of ideological and political education and moral education courses to make medical ethics education closer to reality. Establish students' medical ethics learning files and medical ethics evaluation system, record students' medical ethics learning and moral quality performance, encourage students to conduct self-evaluation and mutual evaluation, and evaluate the effect of medical ethics education, enhance the timeliness of medical ethics education and consolidate the achievements of medical ethics education.
The Student Affairs Office and the Financial Aid Center combine the results of students' medical ethics study and medical ethics examination with various scholarships and grants, establish a reasonable reward and punishment system, improve the incentive mechanism of medical ethics education, and strengthen students' medical ethics quality. When the school employment guidance center recommends students to graduate, it combines the students' academic performance and medical ethics assessment results to recommend them, so as to deliver medical graduates with both ability and political integrity to the society.
All departments of the school should actively participate in students' medical ethics education, establish and improve the unified leadership of party committees, make concerted efforts by the party and government, carry out their duties and cooperate closely to jointly promote the development of medical ethics education.
2. Give full play to the medical ethics education function of the library. Library is the second classroom for college students, and it has its own unique advantages in educating people compared with classroom teaching. Medical college libraries should give full play to their own advantages, actively invest in medical ethics education for medical students, and cooperate with schools and teachers to do a good job in medical ethics education for students [6].
The rich collection resources of the library can not only enable students to acquire a lot of professional knowledge, but also cultivate sentiment, improve personality, improve ideological and moral level and medical ethics through humanities and social science reading materials. The library regularly holds exhibitions on medical ethics education by using internal space such as venues and equipment, and invites outstanding medical workers inside and outside the school to give special lectures on medical ethics by using multifunctional lecture halls; Using the rich network and electronic resources of the library, the electronic database of medical ethics education is established, and students are educated in a three-dimensional and vivid way in the form of words, pictures and videos. By excavating the medical ethics education resources in the library, it can promote the development of medical ethics education for medical students.
In short, shaping a medical graduate with socialist medical ethics is a systematic project. This requires medical colleges and universities to integrate medical ethics education into ideological and political education, moral education and medical professional education, take medical ethics literacy as an important standard to measure the comprehensive quality of medical students, reform and develop the medical ethics education system and model, and all departments of the school should participate, cooperate and coordinate with each other to standardize, systematize and institutionalize medical ethics education, and cultivate medical workers with noble medical ethics and superb medical skills to meet the needs of national and social development.