First, the main manifestations of student anomie behavior
At present, the society is facing the transformation, and the old and new moral concepts alternate, and some moral anomie phenomena have appeared in the society, which also affects the students at school. Influenced by various reasons, they also show some thoughts and behaviors that violate morality and discipline. Mainly has the following performance:
First, it's rude and immoral. Some students, when they meet the teacher, don't say hello and tease behind their backs; Abuse, ridicule, and fighting with classmates. Go out, spit everywhere, make a scene in public, be loyal to the Jianghu, and call each other brothers.
Second, arrogance and selfishness. Facing parents, arrogance; Facing the teacher, disobeying the rules; Lack of sincere friendship when interacting with classmates, and regard mutual assistance as an exchange effect.
Third, fraud, luxury and vanity. Cheating in the exam is not a shame, but telling everyone; Falsely report achievements and avoid scolding; Spend money like water and pursue fashion. Traditional virtues are left behind.
Fourth, discipline is lax, and leisure hates work. Pursue freedom and indulge yourself; Look around in class and fiddle with things after class; The homework is sloppy and the exam is quiet; Pursue enjoyment and avoid labor.
Second, the reasons for students' anomie behavior
The reasons for these moral anomie of middle school students are very complicated, which can be summarized into two main reasons. One is the objective reason, that is, the external environment of students. The other is subjective reasons, that is, students' own physiological and psychological factors. The objective reasons for middle school students' moral anomie mainly include three levels.
First, the missteps of family education.
First of all, the influence of some bad habits of parents on their children. As we all know, parents are children's first teachers, and their words and deeds directly affect children's moral behavior. Some parents are foul-mouthed, rude, dishonest, duplicitous and inconsistent in words and deeds, which will have a bad influence on their children; Some parents smoke, drink, gamble and fight, which gives their children some hints. Over time, children will imitate it. Of course, these bad behaviors are regarded as normal in school.
Secondly, the incomplete family structure has also become an important reason for students' moral anomie. Incomplete family structure refers to the family phenomenon of the death of father or mother, divorce of parents or long-term separation. Parents of such families often can't take good care of their children, so the children can't get the warmth that the family deserves and become depressed and self-indulgent.
Finally, improper family education methods will also promote students' moral anomie. There are often two extremes in family education, and the requirements are too wide or too strict. Parents love, shield and protect their children unprincipled, and help them cover up their mistakes and stolen goods. Children make mistakes, but parents shift the responsibility to others. According to the survey, many students with moral anomie are caused by their parents' excessive doting and pampering since childhood. As a result, they become lazy and lax. Some families only care about not teaching or ignoring teaching, which also lays a hidden danger for children's moral anomie. They only know how to meet children's material needs, but ignore the education of children's moral behavior norms, forming a situation of no one to discipline. Even some parents think that education is the business of school teachers, and they relax or even give up the strict discipline of their families. Some parents just blame their children when they make mistakes, with a rude attitude and a single method. This can easily cause children's rebellious psychology. Once rebellious, students will become arrogant and cynical, and at the same time, they will treat social morality and school discipline as children's play.
Second, the negligence of school education. School is an important collective that affects the development of students' moral behavior, which is accomplished through educational ideas, educational methods, teachers' quality and other factors. The negligence of school education also directly leads to students' moral anomie. First of all, the deviation of educational guiding ideology. Some schools unilaterally pursue the enrollment rate and ignore the ideological and moral education of students, resulting in the phenomenon of "one long and one short". Secondly, the education work is not in place. Some schools seem to attach great importance to students' moral education, but they lack pertinence, series and stages in the education process. Unable to go deep into students, unable to teach students in accordance with their aptitude and unable to continue education, all of which directly promote the occurrence of moral anomie of students. Finally, the low quality of educators also directly affects students' moral anomie behavior. Facts have proved that the quality of teachers determines the quality of education. It is undeniable that some teachers' education methods are simple and rude, and they often reprimand, satirize, ridicule and punish students. The transformation underachievers lack patience. Even some teachers can't set an example and educate their students condescendingly. These practices just violate the educational principle of "being consistent and treating each other sincerely" and are easy to have a negative impact on students.
Third, the influence of social environment. In the period of social transformation, the ambiguity of social orientation and the relative weakness of new moral construction have led to moral decline, and middle school students in this environment are inevitably affected to some extent, and moral anomie has also appeared; Social changes will inevitably bring about great changes in a series of values such as outlook on life, marriage, sex, money and property. The remarkable feature of the change of values is that it is more complex and diverse than the change of material form, and it has a deeper impact on anomie behavior, so there are also bad value orientations among students. Urbanization causes the expansion of social disintegration, that is, the original social control is weakened, alienated interpersonal relationships replace intimate interpersonal relationships, and social norms and morality are lost. Faced with this bad social atmosphere, middle school students will inevitably appear indifferent and selfish behavior; Some decadent ideas and lifestyles, bad publications, movies and internet have a subtle toxic effect on students, and naturally there will be moral anomie behaviors such as fighting, impoliteness, truancy, cheating in exams, extravagance and waste. This negative influence undoubtedly accelerates the speed of students' moral anomie; In addition, some abnormal group activities, such as rural land issues and various excessive behaviors in the process of solving problems, also have a certain impact on students, which invisibly increases the difficulty of school education.
The subjective reasons for middle school students' moral anomie include two aspects. Namely, physiological factors and psychological factors.
First, physiological factors are mainly manifested in the development differences among students. As we all know, adolescence is a period of dramatic changes in one's growth and development, and extensive changes have taken place in both physical and psychological states. However, as far as individuals are concerned, when this physiological change began varies greatly. For example, as senior one students, some students have reached the level of adults physically, while others are still at the level of children. These differences will inevitably lead to some behavioral differences. Therefore, it is not difficult to find out why some students are immoral and some questions that cannot be answered.
Second, psychological factors include three aspects. One is cognitive bias. Due to students' lack of moral experience, there are gaps in understanding, mistakes in ideas, and contradictions between behavior and moral requirements. In this case, students often have ignorance, conformity and luck, which are the reasons for moral anomie. The second is emotional abnormality. Due to the infection of bad environment and the lack of correct moral understanding, some students will form abnormal emotional reactions. In addition, they are still in the semi-mature stage of psychological development, with great plasticity, emotional instability and impulsiveness. Some people have abnormal psychology due to special nerve types and special experiences, and their acceptance of educational norms constitutes emotional obstacles. They often confuse black and white, reverse right and wrong, and are unreasonable. The adjustment structure of personality is extremely unstable and irrational. The third is weak will. This is because young students' moral self-control ability is not strong and they can't meet the requirements of educational norms. For example, some students know the code of conduct, but they can't put it into action. When there is a contradiction between moral concepts and personal desires, they will be unable to control their own behavior because of their weak will, resulting in rude, aggressive, passive and negative behavior. It is common for some students to make mistakes repeatedly because of their weak will. In addition, some psychological obstacles, such as apathy, loneliness and depression, will also directly affect their moral behavior.
Third, from the perspective of education, put forward measures to correct students' anomie behavior.
Based on the current phenomenon of moral anomie among middle school students, aiming at the causes, school work should take targeted corrective measures to correct students' moral deviation. Specific work can start from three aspects:
First, schools should attach importance to students' ideological education, establish correct educational concepts, enrich educational contents, keep the school moral education clear and targeted, and ensure that education can proceed from the reality of students and society at different levels. We should establish the idea of educating people in all directions and strive to grasp the two lifelines of education and teaching. Pay attention to the construction of school spirit and class spirit, positively influence students with healthy collective public opinion, and promote students to form good moral behavior habits. At the same time, we should also pay attention to improving the quality of teachers. The vast number of educators must establish a wide range of service concepts, adapt to the changes of the times, constantly update educational concepts and methods, pay attention to the improvement of their own quality, keep learning and forge ahead. It can be said that improving teachers' quality is a powerful guarantee to prevent middle school students from moral anomie.
Second, we should establish a three-dimensional moral education network. Establishing a three-dimensional moral education network is an important guarantee to correct students' moral anomie. School education is the leading force of moral education, social education is the external environment and extension of school moral education, and family education is the important foundation of moral education. Only by combining the three can we give full play to the best overall effect of moral education. In addition, the reasons for middle school students' moral anomie involve family, school and society, and the situation is complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a moral education network including family, school and society. Create a good atmosphere for the healthy growth of middle school students. Specifically, we should do a good job in two aspects:
First of all, it is necessary to form the educational synergy between family and school through various forms. Ideologically, we should actively spread the correct educational concept to parents, so that parents can fully realize that children's healthy personality comes from healthy family education; From the perspective of participation, we should do two things well. First, let parents "formally participate" in school education. For example, the school set up an open day, held a parent-teacher meeting and held an exhibition of students' homework. The second is to let parents "participate" in school education from the perspective of interpersonal relationship. For example, frequent home visits and parents' participation in classroom teaching and extracurricular activities. Through these means, schools and parents can communicate in time, strengthen two-way communication and information feedback between schools and families, and exchange family education experience regularly.
Discuss problems and try to solve them in the bud.
Secondly, we should strengthen off-campus education. Off-campus education is an important measure to strengthen students' ideological and political work and cultivate all-round talents under the new situation. Strengthen off-campus education so that students can get beneficial influence both inside and outside the school. Strengthening off-campus education can be accomplished in various forms. First of all, we should establish a position for off-campus activities, such as summer camps and patriotic education bases. Secondly, according to the age characteristics of students of different grades, combined with the reality, we will carry out colorful and diverse off-campus activities, such as off-campus special reports, on-site education, and civilized schools jointly built by the military and the people. Through the above forms, we will form a multi-channel, multi-level, multi-form and multi-level off-campus education network, and make maximum use of social forces to correct students' moral anomie.
Third, we should attach importance to students' mental health education. First of all, we should infiltrate students' psychological education into daily education, and mainly do a good job in students' cognitive education, emotional counseling, and will tempering. All educators should take action to learn and improve their mental health education ability. The head teacher carries out mental health education in combination with class management, pays attention to the education of frustration tolerance, and cultivates students' good competitive mentality. Teachers should infiltrate mental health education into subject teaching.
At the same time, it can also be widely publicized through the school wall newspaper and radio. Through the establishment of psychological consultation room, psychological hotline, psychological consultation lecture and psychological training, psychological health education will penetrate into every corner of the school. Secondly, create conditions as much as possible to offer special mental health courses, with special teaching materials, full-time teachers and special class hours. In addition, you can also set up a mailbox for mental health problems, and ask experts to give lectures to students regularly and answer relevant questions or print self-regulating materials introducing common psychological obstacles. Through the above various forms of activities, students' psychological obstacles and diseases such as rebellious psychology and blind obedience psychology can be corrected. So as to effectively correct their moral anomie.
In short, the middle school stage is a critical period for teenagers to form good moral behavior, establish correct ideals and beliefs, and form a outlook on life and the world. Schools, society and families should pay full attention to the moral education of young students in this period and form a strong joint force to ensure their healthy growth. Only through effective educational measures can we correct all kinds of moral anomie behaviors of middle school students to the greatest extent and cultivate a generation of healthy and moral talents.