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Chen Heqin

brief introduction

Chen Heqin (1892.3.5-1982.12.30), a famous child educator, child psychologist and professor in China, is the founder of modern early childhood education in China. He graduated from Tsinghua University in his early years and studied in the United States for five years. 19 19 received a master's degree from Columbia University.

He put forward the theory of "living education", attached importance to scientific experiments, and advocated that the development of children's education in China should be suitable for the national conditions and conform to the laws of children's physical and mental development; He called for the establishment of a teacher training system for children's education, compiled dozens of kindergarten and primary school textbooks and children's extracurricular reading materials, designed and popularized toys, teaching AIDS and juvenile group equipment, and mainly engaged in a series of pioneering research and practice of early childhood education throughout his life.

representative works

Family education, complete works of Chen Heqin, research on children's psychology.

Main educational thoughts

The ideological system of "life education"

1, the purpose of "living education"

Chen Heqin said: "The purpose of life education is to be a man, a China person and a modern China person." Have a sound body; Have the ability to build; Have creative ability; Have a cooperative attitude; Have the spirit of service.

2. "Life Education" course

"Nature and society are living textbooks", and his "living education" courses can be roughly divided into five categories: children's health activities (including physical education, health and other disciplines); Children's social activities (including history, geography, citizenship, common sense and other disciplines); Children's natural activities (including animals, plants, mines, physics and chemistry, arithmetic and other disciplines); Children's art activities (including music, painting, handicrafts and other disciplines; Children's literature activities (including reading, writing, oral English and other subjects).

3. The method of "living education"

"Learning by doing, learning by doing and making progress by doing". Do not pay attention to the class teaching system, but pay attention to outdoor activities and experience of life.

The teaching process of "living education" is divided into four steps: the first step is experimental observation, the second step is reading reference, the third step is publishing creation, and the fourth step is criticism and discussion.

Tao Xingzhi

brief introduction

Tao Xingzhi (1891.18, a native of Shexian County, Anhui Province-1946.07.25, died in Shanghai at the age of 56) was originally named Tao Wenjun./kloc

representative works

Essays on early childhood education, discussion on the integration of teaching and learning, educational reform in China, knowledge, practice and belief, etc.

Main educational thoughts

"Life is education and society is school"

The purpose of education is to liberate the masses, the nation and create an affluent society.

The principles of education are: universal education, comprehensive education, democratic education, creative education, life education and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.

The educational methods are: teaching, doing, knowing, feeling, doing and teaching.

The quality requirements for teachers are: telling the truth, refuting lies, being studious and seeking truth, creating openness, and cultivating students into "living people of truth, goodness and beauty".

Zhangxuemen

brief introduction

Zhang Xuemen (189 1 ~ 1973), a native of Yinxian County, Zhejiang Province, was once a famous preschool education expert in China. He was born on March 189 1 year 10. As early as 1930s, he had contact with another famous preschool education expert in China, Mr. Chen Heqin.

representative works

Kindergarten administration, early childhood care, early childhood education, kindergarten curriculum activity center, kindergarten behavior course, etc.

Main educational thoughts

1. Oppose naive education aimed at cultivating literati and religious believers, and advocate naive education aimed at developing children's personality and transforming the Chinese nation.

Second, advocate the implementation of "kindergarten behavior curriculum", thinking that "curriculum is experience and human experience." "Life is education, and the practice of children aged five or six living in kindergartens is behavior courses."

With this article,

Remembering the famous early childhood educator in China.

Contributed by Wu Shufen

Editor: Zheng Xinyi

Shoushan

+ 1

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