In Hangzhou, Xinghe Kindergarten and Qiantang Kindergarten ... have become models of preschool education in Qiantang District in recent years, which has promoted the development of preschool education in the whole region.
In Huangpu District, Shanghai, from 20 17, the Education Bureau received fewer and fewer calls from parents whose children did not enter the demonstration park, which was nearly 80% less than before.
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These changes and achievements are inseparable from the group's operation of the park.
In recent years, with the gradual solution of the problem of "having a garden", "having a good garden" has become a new demand. In order to make a number of newly-built parks and disadvantaged parks develop rapidly and realize the high-quality balance of regional preschool education, group parks have become the priority choice in many regions. Facts have proved that running parks in groups has indeed turned more and more weak parks into strong parks and "good parks" into "good parks".
How to realize the efficiency of organizing a group to run a garden? Zhou Yongliang, deputy director of Chengdu Xinjin District Recruitment Center, believes that the advantages of collectivization are reflected in the whole process of group formation, management and development.
Cluster formation: take the high-quality park as the leading factor and form various groups.
20 19 Mingyue Mountain Villa Kindergarten and Welfare Street Kindergarten in Lixia District of Jinan City opened at the same time. In 2020, another community supporting park, Fortune Kindergarten, also opened. As soon as these three parks were built, they joined the Zi Yuan Preschool Education Group led by Zi Yuan Kindergarten, which opened the road to rapid and high-quality development.
In recent years, Lixia District and Huaiyin District of Jinan City have added a number of public parks through the management of urban community supporting parks. How to develop them has become a difficult problem in front of the education administrative departments of the two districts.
In Xinjin District, Chengdu, in 2007, standardized kindergartens were built in 12 townships in the whole district, but they also faced the problem of rapid development.
In order to make the newly-built public parks develop rapidly, many education bureaus began to set up pre-school education groups as the "key" to solve the problem: taking a high-quality park in the region as the leader, several newly-built parks or weak parks were brought into the group, and the overall development was realized through cluster formation.
In Jinan City, since 20 19, nearly 10 preschool education groups have been established in Huaiyin District and Lixia District respectively, both of which adopt the mode of "old garden+new garden". At present, the group parks in the two districts cover more than half of the public parks in their respective regions.
The group park in Xinjin District of Chengdu began in 2008. In 2008, two preschool education groups were established in this district, namely Xinjin No.1 preschool education group and Wujin preschool education group, which were established in the form of "famous garden+agricultural garden", that is, "city+countryside", with strong strength and weak strength. On October 20 18, Xinjin No.2 Kindergarten Education Group was established, adopting the method of "parallel formation", that is, "village+village".
As a result, Xinjin has formed two grouping methods: "strong with weak" and "parallel grouping". At present, three preschool education groups cover all public kindergartens in this area.
In the view of Li Yuliang, director of the High-tech Branch of Weifang Education Bureau, the mode of running parks in groups like Jinan and Xinjin can be called "compact". Its biggest feature is the unified deployment of people and property.
Zhejiang Normal University Preschool Education Group began to explore the opening of branch parks from 1999. After more than 20 years, the group has grown to 20 parks, which are divided into two categories: directly affiliated parks and cooperative parks.
Under this framework, kindergartens of Zhejiang Normal University Preschool Education Group have a close and relatively loose relationship. "Between the four directly affiliated parks, people and property are managed in a unified way. For the 16 cooperative park, it is mainly the group output management. " Xu Jinya, general manager of Zhejiang Normal University Preschool Education Group, said.
The collectivization of Huangpu District in Shanghai has opened up another brand-new model. 20 17 in order to further integrate and optimize preschool education resources and strengthen the radiation effect of high-quality kindergartens, Huangpu District launched the theme-based preschool education group construction.
Theme-based preschool education group adopts the operation mode of "one school takes the lead and develops synchronously", that is, with a distinctive municipal demonstration park as the leader, public parks and private parks with characteristics, accumulation and development intentions in the same project in the region and even outside the region are gathered together independently and spontaneously to carry out theme-based project research.
At present, there are four preschool education groups in Huangpu District, covering all public and private kindergartens in the district. Cooperation projects involve art education, sports health, games and personalized learning.
"Whether it is compact or loose,' clustering' is a distinctive feature of group-run parks, that is, several kindergartens get together in different ways and make full use of high-quality resources to concentrate on their peers." Zhou Yongliang said.
Intensive management: maximize the integration of the Group's high-quality resources.
In Mengrun Preschool Education Group in Lixia District, Jinan City, its internal functions are divided into three parts: administration, teaching and logistics, and there are ministers of administration, teaching and logistics. These three ministers are not only the executive directors of the three sub-parks, but also the general heads of the respective sections of the group.
"Modularization of the Group's work can not only unify the management mode and system standards within the Group, but also blame people and ensure the simultaneous implementation and steady development of the work in each park." Shi Xia, director of Mengrun Preschool Education Group in Lixia District, said.
Compared with the modular decomposition management widely used in Huaiyin District and Lixia District of Jinan City, the group management mode in Xinjin District of Chengdu is more flexible and diverse.
For example, Xinjin No.2 Kindergarten Education Group has established a management mode of "flat cooperative" (group director-center director), Xinjin No.1 Kindergarten Education Group has adopted a "three-level management" (group leading-independent kindergarten-departmental linkage), and Wujin Preschool Education Group has adopted a "four in one" (education and teaching department, logistics support department, scientific research and training department, teaching administration department and cultural quality department).
"These methods realize the organic combination of hierarchical management and flat management, effectively solve the problems of multiple management levels and difficult management coordination, and achieve the goals of high work efficiency and low operating costs." Zhou Yongliang said.
In order to guide the cooperative parks in place, the Group adopts the guidance mode of "1+X", that is, each cooperative park is equipped with a fixed expert, and at least once a month. At the same time, other members of the expert database get through to each other, not fixed people and not fixed time, as long as the cooperation park needs expert guidance.
"These practices can comprehensively improve the quality of the cooperative park and ensure that the group culture is not out of shape." Xu Jinya said.
In Huangpu District, Shanghai, the main focus of the group's garden is "theme projects". For example, the "Lotus Pond" Art Education Group has always been good at art education. Therefore, the key to maintaining the management of the regiment is the project of "returning art to children's true nature". The "Four Friends" Personalized Education Group explores projects such as "meeting the learning needs of every child" and "multi-legal-person branch park and group-run park mode".
"With the project as the guide, each park of the Group has a key point. At the same time, the project can be a contact point. Party building, health care and teacher development in kindergartens can all be studied by projects. " The relevant person in charge of Huangpu District Education Bureau said.
"No matter which group management method, the core is to build a development community with collaborative management and operation, so as to achieve the purpose of saving the cost of running the park, improving management efficiency and amplifying the tension of quality education resources." Zhou Yongliang said.
Taking Huangpu District as an example, the research is carried out in the form of projects, and finally the advantages of each group are maximized. Games, sports health, art education and personalized learning have become the strengths of preschool education in Huangpu District.
Individualized development: adhering to the pluralistic characteristics under the common concept
The Third Experimental Preschool Education Group in Huaiyin District of Jinan City has four kindergartens. The group has constructed the traditional culture curriculum from the perspective of children, but the curriculum in different kindergartens is different. In the General Garden, teachers integrate aesthetic education into internet thinking, and construct a garden-based curriculum integrating paper-cutting art and information technology. In several sub-parks, the courses are mainly traditional sports, traditional games and home interaction.
In Xinjin District, Chengdu, the Early Childhood Education Group has built a curriculum scheme based on the cultural characteristics of the group, the central park has built a kindergarten-based curriculum under the group curriculum concept, and the kindergarten curriculum has been implemented in the streets (towns), so that the curriculum has both group spirit and kindergarten form.
For example, the concept of Xinjin No.2 Kindergarten Education Group is "green education and harmonious development", but the courses in each park have their own characteristics. Based on the perspective of "discovery", Xinjin No.2 Kindergarten has constructed diversified common courses and diversified expansion courses. Based on the "creativity" curriculum, Puxing Kindergarten has constructed six series of basic courses and six creative games.
Xinghe Kindergarten is a cooperative park of Zhejiang Normal University Preschool Education Group. It inherits the essence of "emotion-centered online course" of Zhejiang Normal University Preschool Education Group, and explores its own "Little Qiantang Explorer" characteristic course.
Shanghai Huangpu Friends Game Education Group, under the guidance of Penglai Road Kindergarten in Longtouyuan, has formed diversified development ideas from the standpoint of children, focusing on game activities. For example, Xia Zi Kindergarten features structured games, Quxi Road Kindergarten has long studied performance games, and Zhonghua Road Kindergarten and Huimin Kindergarten actively explore folk games.
"The development of kindergartens under collectivization is not homogenization and repetition. Kindergarten culture, curriculum, teacher development and so on. Are closely related to children's lives. They should develop because of kindergartens and children, showing a pattern of personality development. " Guo Yan, director of Xinjin Yiyou Education Group, said.