Early childhood education is a "play" education.
Second, the analysis of how to learn preschool education
Learning infant pedagogy is not an easy task, and effective learning and understanding need to be gradually achieved through thinking and practice. Only in the process of learning preschool education, put forward your own problems, think seriously and try to solve practical problems with theory, can you change from ordinary people to educators and take the first step to become an excellent preschool teacher.
1 the connotation of preschool education
Preschool pedagogy is a science that studies the educational laws of children aged 3-6 and preschool institutions. It is an educational theory that people summarize and refine from the practical experience of educating children. Early childhood pedagogy is an applied science, and its theory exists in our daily activities of educating young children, with rich and concrete forms of expression. Early childhood education is not simply about taking care of children, but involves all aspects of children's development. Different educational methods will have different effects on children, which will lead to different development results. Therefore, we should study and study early childhood pedagogy.
2 the importance of learning early childhood pedagogy
(1) Learning preschool education well is related to the development and progress of human society. In China, preschool education is a part of basic education. Education should face modernization, the world and the future. It needs to improve the quality of the whole nation as soon as possible and cultivate a large number of high-quality talents, and this great project must start with children. As an important part of China's vocational education, kindergarten teacher education shoulders the glorious task of laying the foundation for talent training. It is not only the requirement of the times and society, but also the pursuit of modern secondary vocational education to improve the quality of kindergarten teachers and make children develop morally, physically, intellectually and aesthetically.
(2) Learning preschool pedagogy well is a powerful weapon for preschool teachers. To be an excellent preschool teacher, professional knowledge and educational theory literacy are essential. It is necessary to understand China's educational policy, the training objectives and guiding ideology of various preschool education institutions in China, the characteristics of children's physical and mental development and various factors affecting their development, and the present situation, potential and possibility of children's individual development. We must understand the laws and characteristics of early childhood education, master the principles and scientific methods of early childhood education, correctly understand, analyze and think independently about various educational phenomena and problems in practical work.
(3) Learning preschool pedagogy well can help preschool teachers form basic educational concepts. Only by learning preschool education well can we have a preliminary understanding of what education is, what preschool education is, what preschool development and its influencing factors are, the characteristics and laws of preschool education institutions' work, the principles and methods of organizing preschool learning activities, the cooperation between kindergartens and families and communities, and the connection with primary schools. Only in this way can we understand the history of the emergence and development of preschool education, and have a correct understanding of the essence of education, the value of preschool education, the position of educators and educatees in the educational process and the principle of their interaction.
3 How to learn early childhood pedagogy
3. 1 vertical depth
The author thinks that the first step of learning theory is to study the teaching materials carefully and deeply understand and understand the basic concepts and principles of pedagogy; A preliminary understanding of the basic structure of preschool education is the focus of reading and learning. Besides textbooks, it is also important to read other reference books extensively. First, we should repeatedly scrutinize, understand and thoroughly understand the main contents of each chapter of the textbook and the important ideas and educational ideas infiltrated in it, make clear the internal relations between each chapter, and pay attention to grasping the logical system of the textbook; Second, we should systematically understand and master the essence, content and value of various schools of preschool education theory, and strive to make critical thinking, analysis and comparison.
Independent thinking, discussion and discussion are important methods to study preschool pedagogy. Einstein, a great scientist, said: "If a person has mastered the basic theory of this subject and learned to think and work independently, then he will definitely find his own way." We should think more about textbooks and predecessors' conclusions, popular views and opinions, existing research results, and ask more why, without being bound by traditional ideas and conclusions. The courage to explore new problems and put forward new ideas is an important way to improve the level of understanding. However, independent thinking is not behind closed doors, let alone speculation. "If a person studies without friends, he will be ignorant." On the basis of your own study, you can exchange views with teachers and classmates, discuss with each other and learn from each other, so that different ideas can collide with each other, inspire each other, arouse ideological sparks, and help you master preschool education theory more clearly, comprehensively and accurately.
3.2 Horizontal Union
(1) Connecting with the reality of early childhood education. The theory of preschool education serves the reality of preschool education, and integrating theory with practice is the only way to learn preschool education well. During school, there are many ways to connect with reality, such as going to preschool institutions for internship and probation, visiting excellent preschool teachers, conducting community and family preschool education surveys, trying to design and organize some educational activities, doing some educational experiments, observing and studying one or more children, and participating in various related professional activities. , can effectively improve their educational theory accomplishment and ability to engage in educational work.
(2) Contact with adjacent disciplines and related knowledge and information. With the rapid development of science today, various disciplines are more and more comprehensive and permeable. Preschool pedagogy is also improving day by day in the process of constantly absorbing and synthesizing other related theories and knowledge. There are many disciplines related to early childhood education, such as early childhood psychology, early childhood hygiene, the design and organization of various educational activities in kindergartens, the history of early childhood education at home and abroad, education management and other sciences. The study of related disciplines is conducive to a better understanding and understanding of preschool education theory from multiple angles, to the mutual supplement and expansion of subject knowledge, and to the mutual migration and compensation of learning research methods and thinking modes of related disciplines.
(3) Contact with related social phenomena and problems. Early childhood education is closely related to society, and the ideological trend, ethos and various phenomena in society will have a greater or lesser impact on early childhood education. I often try to use the theoretical knowledge I have learned to analyze and think rationally about the problems from the society, and to judge and discriminate various ideas and viewpoints calmly, so that I can always be sensitive to the changing environment and new situations and problems in reality, which is conducive to forming my own educational theoretical views and opinions; Moreover, with the theory of practical problems, we can greatly improve our learning efficiency, cultivate our ability to deal with practical problems, and form a pragmatic style of study.
In short, the study of preschool pedagogy is not easy, and effective learning and understanding need to be gradually achieved through thinking and practice. Only in the process of learning preschool education, put forward your own problems, think seriously and try to solve practical problems with theory, can you change from ordinary people to educators and take the first step to become an excellent preschool teacher.
Ⅲ What is preschool education?
Supplementary as follows: Principles of kindergarten education
First, respect children's personal dignity and legitimate rights and interests.
Second, the principle of promoting children's all-round development.
Third, attach importance to the principle that individual differences face all.
Fourth, the principle of making full use of educational resources of children, families and society.
Five, the principle of combining education with protection.
Sixth, the principle of taking games as the basic activity.
Seven, the activity of education and the principle of diversity of activities.
Eight, give full play to the principle of the overall educational function of one-day activities.
Basic elements of kindergarten education
teacher
Labor characteristics of preschool teachers;
1. The work of preschool teachers is complex and creative.
2. The work of preschool teachers is exemplary.
3. The work of preschool teachers is long-term.
children
1, children are the object of education.
2. Children are the main body of their own learning.
3. Children are the subject of their own rights.
Kindergarten environment.
In a narrow sense, kindergarten environment refers to the sum of material and spiritual elements that have an impact on children's physical and mental development in kindergartens.
Physical environment and spiritual environment.
Kindergarten curriculum
Kindergarten curriculum is a means to achieve the goal of preschool education, and it is the sum total of various activities to help children gain useful learning experience and promote their all-round and harmonious development of body and mind.
Curriculum elements:
1, course objective
2. Course content
3. Course organization
4. Curriculum evaluation
Characteristics of kindergarten curriculum
First, the kindergarten curriculum is integrated into children's daily activities in the park, which has the characteristics of life and takes games as the basic form.
Secondly, the kindergarten curriculum aims to promote children to experience the living environment directly.
Kindergarten teaching activities
Significance of kindergarten teaching activities;
Teachers, starting from children's interests and actual level, organize and guide children's active learning in a purposeful and planned way according to the educational objectives of kindergartens, so as to enhance children's understanding of the surrounding environment, cultivate children's interest in learning, and help children obtain an experience life conducive to physical and mental development.
Characteristics and Enlightenment of Life-oriented Kindergarten Teaching Activities —— Teaching Content
Activities and participation-teaching methods
Playfulness and Situational Teaching Method
Kindergarten teaching activity method
The methods of kindergarten teaching activities include: teachers decorate the learning environment, use teaching AIDS and audio-visual means, provide operating materials, create learning situations, and enlighten, explain and demonstrate children. It is an important intermediary factor for teachers to stimulate children's interest in learning, effectively convey information, help children understand learning content, ensure the smooth progress of teaching activities and achieve educational goals.
Principles of kindergarten activities
First, the principle of combining science with ideology-teaching orientation
Second, the positive principle-bilateral activities
Third, the principle of development-teaching progress
Fourth, the principle of intuition-teaching methods.
Five, the principle of activity teaching form
Common teaching means and methods in kindergartens: activity method.
Intuitive method (practical activity)
Oral method (perceptual activity)
(Oral activities) Game observation, dialogue, experiment, demonstration, explanation, operation, practice, audio-visual teaching, discussion and experiment.
Experimental method: with the help of materials and equipment, let the children do it themselves, participate in the whole process and draw a conclusion. Experimental methods can make children gain direct experience, which is beneficial to stimulate their interest in learning and cultivate their practical ability.
Pay attention to the following points when using the game method:
1. Teachers can use games as a part of teaching activities, or they can use a game to run through the whole teaching activities.
2. When using the game method, teachers should clearly realize that the games they use serve teaching activities, and the goals and rules of the games they choose should meet the educational requirements.
Pay attention to the following points when using experimental methods:
1. Safety of the experiment.
2. Teachers operate the experiment in advance, and have formed a perfect experimental guidance scheme, and observe the whole process of children's experiments to provide targeted guidance, thus promoting children to have a successful experience in the experimental process.
3. The experimental method emphasizes that children do it themselves.
4. In the children's operation experiment, the selected equipment and materials should be complete and sufficient, and the time should be sufficient, so that every child has the opportunity to try again and again.
Observation method:
It refers to the method that teachers purposefully and systematically guide children to perceive the selected objective things and phenomena with vision, hearing, taste, touch and other senses, so that they can gain perceptual experience and gradually form concepts on this basis.
Function: Rich perceptual experience, * * its various senses, arouse children's attention to the surrounding things, cultivate children's positive attitude and observation, stimulate children's thirst for knowledge and cultivate their interest in learning.
When using observation method, we should pay attention to the following points:
1, according to the educational requirements, make preparations before observation.
Including determining the observation purpose, selecting the observation object, drawing up the observation plan and creating the observation environment conditions.
2. At the beginning of observation, teachers should put forward the purpose of observation for children and stimulate their interest in observation by setting questions.
3. In the process of observation, teachers should give full play to the guiding role of language and gestures, start from children's interest points, inspire children to perceive and describe the observed objects from different aspects, and learn the methods of observation.
4. At the end of the observation, it is necessary to sum up the impression of observation, so that the knowledge observed by children can be further consolidated and organized.
Demonstration and demonstration
Demonstration means that teachers show children all kinds of objects, visual teaching AIDS or do experiments.
Demonstration refers to providing an example for children through their own performances. (Language teacher training and action demonstration)
Function: Let children see concretely, learn vividly, imitate and learn easily.
Audio-visual means
Audio-visual education is the use of multimedia, slides, tape recorders and other equipment to assist teaching.
Function: concrete, vivid and vivid, easy to arouse children's interest, broaden their horizons, strengthen their impression and enhance teaching effect.
Attention should be paid to the following points when using audio-visual education:
1, get ready before use.
2. The teacher should ask for the movie before organizing the movie, and let the children speak after the screening.
We should cooperate with other means in teaching. Such as illustrations, objects, lectures by teachers, etc.
Writing of teaching plan
Activity name
Activity objectives:
1, emotional goal 2, ability goal 3, knowledge goal
Activities to be prepared
Activity flow:
1, starting part 2, basic part 3, ending part
Fourth, pre-school education and teaching plan
Foundation of preschool education
foreword
1. Early childhood education (concept): Early childhood education is a science that studies the laws of education for children aged 3-6 and the laws of institutional education for children. It is an educational theory summarized and refined from people's practice of educating young children.
Second, the case analysis:
Scene 1: Parents take their children shopping. The child takes a fancy to a toy, but the parents don't think it is suitable for him and don't buy it for him. So the child lay on the ground and cried, but the parents' advice was invalid and it was difficult to clean up the scene ... Why did the child become so capricious? Are children born stubborn and disobedient? What should we do with such a wayward child? If parents give in and obey, buy whatever they want, or threaten to beat and scold, can they solve the problem by forcing them to obey? What do you think of this case?
-children's waywardness is not built in a day, but the result of improper family education methods. If parents don't fundamentally change incorrect parenting attitudes and educational methods such as "doting" and "domineering", it is difficult to correct children's willfulness, and children's personality can't develop healthily-so parenting methods affect children's personality.
The first chapter is the emergence and development of preschool education.
Section 1 Concept and Significance of Early Childhood Education
1. Education in a broad sense (concept 15 page): Education here includes family education, social education and school education, covering a wide range, and is generally called education in a broad sense.
Second, the unique structure and function of the school make it the core part of modern educational activities, and it plays a (demonstration) and (leading) role in all kinds of education.
Third, early childhood education (concept): The education of children aged 3-6 is called early childhood education. In a broad sense, all activities that can affect children's physical growth and psychological development such as cognition, emotion and personality are preschool education, while in a narrow sense, preschool education refers to kindergarten education.
Preschool pedagogy is a branch of pedagogy, which specializes in the education of children aged 3-6 and explores its characteristics and laws.
Fourth, the significance of early childhood education: (brief answer and discussion)
(a) to promote growth and development, enhance physical fitness;
(2) Develop the brain potential and promote the intellectual development;
(3) developing personality and promoting the healthy development of personality;
(4) Cultivating aesthetic feeling and promoting the development of imagination and creativity;
In short, early childhood education shoulders the heavy responsibility of promoting the all-round development of children's body, intelligence, morality and beauty.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) sensitive period (concept) Early childhood is a sensitive period for the development of language, form and sound. We call this stage a sensitive period.
The emergence and development of preschool education in the second quarter
1. 1. School Date of Birth: Early childhood education institutions were first born in Europe. The most noteworthy is the preschool school founded by the British utopian socialist Owen in 18 16. Early early childhood education institutions are mostly organized by philanthropists and industrialists, but they are essentially charitable social welfare institutions.
2. German preschool educator Froebel is known as the "father of babies" by the world, and he founded the first kindergarten in the world.
(Games) are children's main activities, and children learn through their special toys-("gifts").
4. Early childhood education institutions in China: The earliest early childhood education institution in China was Hubei Kindergarten founded by 1903 in Wuchang, Hubei Province. At that time, these early childhood education institutions completely copied Japan, showing the characteristics of semi-feudal and semi-colonial education.
Kindergartens, such as Mr. Tao Xingzhi, a famous educator, sharply criticized three kinds of serious diseases: one is exotic diseases, the other is spending money, and the third is rich diseases.
6.1In June 1989, the State Education Commission formulated and promulgated the Regulations on Kindergarten Management, which was the first pre-school education regulation approved by the State Council since the founding of New China.
Second, the development of early childhood education thought
(1) Froebel, Germany
1, the principle of children's self-development: Froebel believes that children's behavior is the expression of their inner life forms, and the imperative, compulsory and interventionist education methods are ineffective for children's development, but we must respect children's autonomy and attach importance to children's self-activities.
2. Game theory: Froebel was the first person to clarify the value of game education. He believes that children express their inner spiritual activities through games. He emphasized that games are of great significance to children's personality development and wisdom development.
Coordination principle: let children live in harmony with the surrounding environment, society and nature.
4. Parenting education: He founded the world's first "workshop" for mothers, and later wrote a book "song of a mother and careful songs".
Montessori is known as a "kindergarten reformer" in the early 20th century. He founded a "Children's Home" in the slums of Rome in 1907.
The main points of Montessori's educational theory are:
1, the law of children's self-learning: every child is an organism that follows its own internal laws and has its own different needs and development process table.
2. Pay attention to the role of educational environment.
What are the characteristics of a prepared environment for early childhood education? (short answer)
(1) Free development environment (2) Orderly environment (3) Vibrant environment (4) Pleasant environment.
3. Teacher's role: A teacher is the creator, observer and guide of an environment.
Disadvantages and contributions of Montessori education (short answer): Disadvantages: (1) attaching importance to intelligence and neglecting the cultivation of children's emotions; (2) Its sensory education teaching AIDS are divorced from children's real life, too narrow and inflexible, and its operation method is too mechanical.
Contribution: Pay attention to the characteristics of children's physical and mental development, pay attention to children's autonomy and independent learning, pay attention to the role of the environment, and her views on the role of teachers. Whether in the Montessori era or today, it has lasting vitality.
(3) Tao Xingzhi
What aspects does Tao Xingzhi's creativity of liberating children include? (short answer)
(1) Liberate children's thoughts, hands, mouth, space and time.
(4) Chen Heqin
1923 founded Nanjing Gulou kindergarten, the earliest experimental center for early childhood education in China, and founded the theory of "living education". Established provincial and national experimental kindergarten teachers' colleges in Jiangxi and Shanghai successively, which has made indelible contributions to the cause of preschool education qualification training in China.
Course structure: health activities, social activities, scientific activities, artistic activities and literary activities, which are called "five fingers activities".
Hope to help you, hope to adopt!
Ⅳ What are the learning methods of preschool pedagogy?
Hello, I'm glad to answer your question. Heuristic teaching refers to the teaching method in which teachers mobilize children's thinking and learning enthusiasm to the maximum extent according to the objective laws of learning process in the teaching process. Heuristic teaching method has the following characteristics: it focuses on stimulating children's interest in learning and their initiative and enthusiasm in participating in activities, so that children can participate in activities happily. Pay attention to mobilizing children's mental activities and provide them with an opportunity for self-exploration, self-thinking and self-expression. Pay attention to establishing a democratic and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, and both teachers and students respect, trust, cooperate and promote each other. 2. Situational teaching method Situational teaching method means that teachers create a concrete, vivid and vivid learning situation for children in the teaching process, and bring children into this situation completely through appropriate ways, so that children can learn effectively under the constant inspiration of specific situations. When using situational teaching method, we should pay attention to the following problems: let children be on the scene, observe, perceive, operate and experience in the situation, and generate emotions such as joy or sadness, love or hate, joy or anger under the infection of specific situations. The simulated situation created should be novel in form, and the novel * * * is easy to attract children's attention and arouse their curiosity; The content should be practical, and the situation created should be able to effectively achieve the goal, not ostentatious. When using situational teaching method, teachers should enlighten and summarize according to children's needs, so as to help children summarize and refine their own perceptual experience. Children should be given opportunities to fully express, express and communicate in situations, so that they can become the main body of activities. 3. Activity operation method Activity operation method refers to the method that teachers provide materials according to teaching objectives and guide children to make full use of their hands, brains and mouths in the activities of operating materials, so as to gain experience. 4. Hint teaching method Hint teaching method is a method that uses the relevant knowledge and laws of psychology, physiology and psychiatry to carefully design teaching environment, and skillfully uses unconscious psychological activities to stimulate individual psychological potential through the comprehensive application of suggestion, association and imagination, intellectual activities, physical activities, exercises and music, so that children can learn in a relaxed and happy situation. When using suggestion teaching method, we should pay attention to the clarity of suggestion purpose and choose appropriate suggestion means according to teaching objectives and contents. Create a good suggestive environment for children to carry out unconscious memoryless activities in a pleasant and relaxed atmosphere. The content of the hint must be specific, so that the child's unconscious psychological activities can produce the expected effect of the teacher. Grasping the opportunity of suggestion makes children's unconscious psychological activities conducive to the transformation to conscious psychological activities. In teaching, we should pay attention to the subtle hints of teachers' behaviors, concepts, attitudes, teaching methods and teaching environment on children, give play to their positive influences and eliminate their negative influences. 5. Discovery Method Discovery method refers to a method in which teachers only give students some facts and questions when guiding students to learn concepts and principles, so that students can actively think, explore independently, and discover and master the corresponding principles and conclusions by themselves. The general steps of applying the discovery method in kindergarten hope to be helpful to you and also hope to adopt it.
ⅵ Significance of preschool education
Preschool pedagogy provides theoretical guidance for preschool teachers and is a basic theoretical course for cultivating preschool education students. Learning preschool education is an important way to master the basic knowledge and skills of preschool education and cultivate professional quality, which has strong guidance for preschool education practice.
It is conducive to enhancing professional feelings and strengthening interest and love for professional ideals, which is the basis for doing a good job. It can arouse people's enthusiasm and creativity, and make people eager for their future careers. Preschool pedagogy can not only improve students' understanding and knowledge of preschool education, but also improve their sense of identity and love for preschool education. In the process of learning, they will also have a deeper understanding of the significance of early childhood education and the responsibility of kindergarten teachers to society, thus strengthening their belief in devoting their lives to early childhood education.
It is conducive to mastering the laws of education and improving work ability. As a social activity to cultivate people, educating children is a very complicated social practice. As a professional worker who takes early childhood education as his profession, it is not enough to do a good job in early childhood education and do his own job. He must also understand the laws of children's physical and mental development, master the laws of early childhood education, and have the special conditions and basic qualities required by this profession. Through the study of preschool education, students can systematically learn the professional knowledge of educational theory, understand the characteristics and laws of preschool education, and master the educational objectives, tasks, principles, contents and methods of preschool education, thus improving the ability of preschool education.
It is conducive to establishing a correct concept and getting out of the misunderstanding of education. Some people think that early childhood education is very simple, that is, let children eat, drink and have fun every day, without any safety problems, just learn some knowledge. Others think that "a mature tree should not be educated" and there is no need to follow rules and laws to educate young children, so there is no science. Faced with these specious ideas, how should we think dialectically in order to bring better education to children? Only under the guidance of scientific and systematic views on children and education can people get out of the misunderstanding of understanding. Preschool pedagogy is such a discipline, which provides people with a scientific theoretical system of preschool education, constructs a "solution" for children's all-round and harmonious development, and can guide people to better carry out preschool education practice activities.
ⅶ Analysis of Early Childhood Education
Learning infant pedagogy is not an easy task, and effective learning and understanding need to be gradually achieved through thinking and practice. Only in the process of learning preschool education, put forward your own problems, think seriously and try to solve practical problems with theory, can you change from ordinary people to educators and take the first step to become an excellent preschool teacher.
1 the connotation of preschool education
Preschool pedagogy is a science that studies the educational laws of children aged 3-6 and preschool institutions. It is an educational theory that people summarize and refine from the practical experience of educating children. Early childhood pedagogy is an applied science, and its theory exists in our daily activities of educating young children, with rich and concrete forms of expression. Early childhood education is not simply about taking care of children, but involves all aspects of children's development. Different educational methods will have different effects on children, which will lead to different development results. Therefore, we should study and study early childhood pedagogy.
2 the importance of learning early childhood pedagogy
(1) Learning preschool education well is related to the development and progress of human society. In China, preschool education is a part of basic education. Education should face modernization, the world and the future. It needs to improve the quality of the whole nation as soon as possible and cultivate a large number of high-quality talents, and this great project must start with children. As an important part of China's vocational education, kindergarten teacher education shoulders the glorious task of laying the foundation for talent training. It is not only the requirement of the times and society, but also the pursuit of modern secondary vocational education to improve the quality of kindergarten teachers and make children develop morally, physically, intellectually and aesthetically.
(2) Learning preschool pedagogy well is a powerful weapon for preschool teachers. To be an excellent preschool teacher, professional knowledge and educational theory literacy are essential. It is necessary to understand China's educational policy, the training objectives and guiding ideology of various preschool education institutions in China, the characteristics of children's physical and mental development and various factors affecting their development, and the present situation, potential and possibility of children's individual development. We must understand the laws and characteristics of early childhood education, master the principles and scientific methods of early childhood education, correctly understand, analyze and think independently about various educational phenomena and problems in practical work.
(3) Learning preschool pedagogy well can help preschool teachers form basic educational concepts. Only by learning preschool education well can we have a preliminary understanding of what education is, what preschool education is, what preschool development and its influencing factors, the characteristics and laws of preschool education institutions, and the principles and principles of organizing preschool learning activities.
VIII. Introduction to the contents of preschool pedagogy