The education of the Qing emperor, "Yang Ji Zhai Ji" records, "I teach family law. When Wang Sun was six years old, he went to study abroad. " Study time, "Yin carved into the study, first learning Manchu and Mongolian, and then learning English. Master, go straight and cut the time. Simple and childish lessons, recited directly before noon. Those who go late, to the second moment, or to the moment of application. " On holidays, "it is forbidden to go straight except New Year's Day, and it is allowed to go straight on New Year's Eve and the day before." In a year, there is only one day on New Year's Day, the first two and a half days. In contrast, students have more holidays today. Kangxi determined the educational system of the prince and grandson.
Customized by Kangxi, the prince's grandson began to study in the study at the age of 6. Kangxi personally selected masters for princes. At first, there were some famous Confucian scholars, such as Zhang Ying, Xiong Cilv, Li Guangdi, Xu and Tang Bin. Among the teachers of the prince, the Han master mainly teaches Confucian classics; The Manchu master is called "Dada"-Dada teaches Mongolian in it, and Dada teaches archery and archery techniques outside. Kangxi Daily Registration and other books recorded the reading situation of the Prince in the first ten days of June in the 26th year of Kangxi (1687):
In Yin Shi (3 ~ 5 o'clock), the prince is reading in the study, reviewing the lessons of the previous day and preparing for the arrival of the host.
Shi Mao (5 ~ 7: 00), Da Hata, a master of Manchu Dynasty, Tang Bin, a master of Chinese studies, and Geng Jie, a young warrior, entered Wuyi Zhai and stood on the east side after saluting the Crown Prince. Degele and Peng, officials who recorded the words and deeds of the Crown Prince, stood on the west side. Crown Prince Yun Yong (réng) bent over his desk to read the chapters in the Book of Rites, and he kept satirizing. Yun Yong followed the emperor's rule that "the book must be recited 120 times", and then asked Tang Bin to approach the case and listen to his endorsement. Tang Bin, who is nearly sixty years old, knelt down and held the book of the Crown Prince. After listening to Wan Yun's recitation, every word was correct, so he marked it with a brush, redrawn a paragraph, read a new book, returned the scripture, and stood back in the original place. The crown prince also wrote a piece of paper, about a few hundred words.
At dawn (7 ~ 9 o'clock), Kangxi went to the early dynasty, paid a visit to the queen mother, and then went to the Changchun Garden where the crown prince was studying. The crown prince led the ministers to the steps outside the study to welcome them. Kangxi entered Zhai and acceded to the throne. He asked Tang Bin, "Is the Crown Prince familiar with his books?" Tang Bin plays: "Very good." After receiving the book, Kangxi pointed out that a paragraph was recited by Crown Prince Lang Lang, and it was word for word. Kangxi asked Juzhu again, "How about waiting for the Crown Prince to study?" He said: "The Crown Prince is full of wisdom and profound knowledge. It is really the Millennium celebration of the ancestral temple!" Kangxi told them not to praise the Crown Prince too much, but to be strict with him. After examining the lessons of the Crown Prince, Kangxi returned to the palace.
At 4 o'clock (9 ~ 1 1 point), it is still early, the sun is approaching, and the sun is like fire. The crown prince doesn't shake a folding fan, doesn't know clothes, and concentrates on writing at his desk. Master Dahata, Master Tang Bin and Master Geng Jie got up early in the morning. Because of old age and weak health, and the hot weather, they stood for a long time, exhausted and almost fell asleep. The crown prince wrote a chapter in Manchu, and asked the master Dahata to read and proofread it. Tang Bin said, "The pen is centered, Yan Xiujin, a good book!" Dahata also played: "Exquisite brushwork and ingenious structure." The Crown Prince read the chapter painted in the Book of Rites 120 times.
At noon (1 1 ~ 13), the guards gave the Crown Prince and others lunch. The crown prince ordered his master to eat. After kowtowing and thanking, the ministers sat down to eat. After dinner, the Crown Prince did not rest, so he sat behind and read The Book of Rites. I read 120 times, then Tang Bin and others knelt down and picked up the book, and the crown prince recited it.
At the end (13 ~ 15), the guards brought snacks in. After the crown prince finished his dessert, the guards waited in the yard-installing an arrow target. The crown prince went out and stood at the foot of the steps, shooting an arrow with a bow. This is both a physical education class and a military lesson. It is to educate the princes to "worship the martial arts and preach" and govern the country. The crown prince shot the arrow, returned to his room and sat down, and began to speak sparsely. Tang Bin and Geng Jie knelt in front of the case. Teacher Wang turned over a book and wrote a topic. The students talked about it according to the topic.
At Shenshi (15 ~ 17), Kangxi came to Wuyi Zhai again. Huang's eldest son Yin, the third son, the fourth son, the fifth son, the seventh son (the sixth son died young) and the eighth son Yin came to read together. Kangxi said, "No son has ever studied in my palace. Outsiders do not know the prince's study. Today, I specially invite you to recite. " According to Kangxi's will, Tang Bin took down the scriptures from the case and turned over the propositions at will. The princes recited and talked before they lined up in turn. Yin Qi, the fifth son of the emperor, studied Manchu, so he only wrote an article in Manchu and circled it accurately. Kangxi personally wrote a seven-character poem by Cheng Yi, and also wrote a picture of "sincerity" to demonstrate to his ministers. Ministers praised the small word "beauty" and the big word "strength".
When the guards were in the courtyard, Kangxi ordered the philosophers to bend down and shoot in turn, and the results were different. He also ordered the masters to shoot arrows. Subsequently, Kangxi personally shot and hit the middle road many times.
It's dusk, and the ministers are quitting. The Crown Prince and others have finished their homework for a day in Wuyi Zhai in Changchun Garden.
Other princes are not as strict as princes, but it is definitely this course.
After the Qianlong dynasty, it was not so harsh.