Athens education and Sparta education are two kinds of education in ancient Greek city-states, each with its own characteristics. Compared with Sparta, Athens education has its own unique characteristics. Its performance is as follows:

(1) Athens education requires students to develop harmoniously in physical strength, intelligence, aesthetic feeling and moral character, and pays attention to students' all-round development, which Spartan education does not have.

(2) Compared with Spartan education, the purpose of Athens education is not only to train the children of the ruling class into strong soldiers, but also to train them into politicians and businessmen with various talents, eloquence and good business contacts, rather than simple military education of Spartan style, and to train students into soldiers who can only fight.

(3) Athens regards knowledge education as the most important content of training political activists and slave class officials, which can enable them to learn navigation knowledge and political and legal knowledge, which is beyond the reach of Spartan education.

(4) Athens' demand for music education is much higher than that of Sparta. Sparta set up music singing only to boost morale on the battlefield, while Athens' music education mainly cultivated people's sense of rhythm and then used it as a favorable weapon to express their thoughts and feelings. Music education in Athens is an important part of its harmonious education and elegant education.

(5) Compared with Sparta's practical national education, Athens attached importance to rationalism, understood the educational concept of harmonious development of body and mind, opposed vocational and specialized education, and attached importance to free education, which had a great influence on the educational thought and practice of later generations.