First, the importance of safety education and training
Necessary safety education and training for employees is the main way for employees to understand and master safety laws and regulations, improve safety technical quality and enhance safety awareness, and is the foundation of * * safety production and safety work. Article 46 of the Construction Law stipulates that construction enterprises should establish and improve the labor safety education and training system and strengthen the education and training of enterprise safety production. Those who have not received safety education and training shall not be allowed to work at their posts. "It can be seen that safety education and training is not only the need of safety work, but also the right and wrong issue of implementing national laws and regulations. A large number of facts have proved that any safety accident is caused by unsafe behavior of people or unsafe state of things, and the unsafe state of things is often caused by human factors. It can be seen that the key to avoid safety accidents and realize safety production is people. People's behavior norms, no illegal command and operation behavior: people's safety awareness has been enhanced, and they can find and correct the unsafe state of things at any time, eliminate hidden dangers of safety accidents and prevent accidents. Therefore, through education and training, we must strengthen the safety awareness of all employees, improve the management and operation level of safety production, enhance the ability of self-protection and make the production run smoothly.
Second, the implementation status of safety education and training system
Although safety education and training is the basis of doing a good job in safety, an important way to realize safety production and a legal responsibility, some construction enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, have neglected the implementation of this work. From the operator of the enterprise to the person in charge of the project, they often only pay attention to the construction output value and economic benefits, and only passively respond to the inspection by superiors and competent departments. Safety education and training become a mere formality. Some managers take up their posts without training, and new workers start work without three-level safety education. Especially at present, there are a large number of migrant workers in construction enterprises. They do not understand the national safety laws and regulations and the characteristics of the construction industry, do not understand the situation of the construction site, do not grasp the basic safety knowledge and operating procedures, and have a poor sense of self-prevention in construction production. If you don't strengthen training, you will even hurt yourself or others, leading to major safety accidents. Visible, safety education and training system is not perfect or not well implemented, is a big loophole in enterprise management, is the construction site * * big security risks.
Third, how to implement the safety education and training system
Leadership is the key to safety work. Government departments at all levels should strengthen law enforcement and supervision, combine the characteristics of the construction industry, consider the reality of construction enterprises, and formulate practical measures to standardize, standardize and regularize safety management. The operator of an enterprise is the person responsible for the safety production of the enterprise, and his own attitude and intensity of work play a decisive role in the safety work of the whole enterprise. Only when the leaders' ideological understanding is improved can safety work be put on the important agenda, and more energy can be devoted to consciously studying national laws and regulations, learning safety production knowledge, receiving safety education and training, improving safety awareness and safety management level, organizing and implementing the safety education and training plan of this enterprise, and urging relevant personnel of this enterprise to actively participate in the training. The person in charge of the project is the person in charge of the project safety production. Only when the project leader's safety awareness is enhanced and his thoughts are taken seriously, can he really pay attention to safety education and training, and the on-site managers and operators can enhance their awareness of safety production, master the necessary safety knowledge and safety operation skills, abide by rules and regulations in the construction process, and avoid illegal command and operation, thus achieving the effect of preventing safety accidents. Safety education and training can take many forms, suit local conditions and vary from person to person. Such as holding various training courses, reports, seminars, safety knowledge lectures, safety knowledge competitions, typical accident photo exhibitions, TV films, blackboard newspapers, briefings, and distributing publicity materials. In short, safety education and training should be vivid and practical, avoid boring going through the motions, and make safety education and training standardized, institutionalized and regular.
Four, the main content of safety education and training
1) ideological education on safety in production. It is mainly to learn the relevant national laws and regulations, master the principles and policies of safety production, improve the policy level of all managers and operators, fully understand the importance of safety production, strictly implement the policy of safety first and prevention first and the policy of safety production in construction production, strictly implement the operating rules, observe labor discipline, put an end to illegal command and operation, and educate employees about safety awareness by using the major safety accident cases that occurred in the past and the losses caused to society and families. 2) Carry out safety knowledge education. All employees must receive safety knowledge education, safety knowledge education and training, so that employees can master the necessary basic knowledge of safety production. The contents of safety knowledge education include production status, construction technology, construction methods, dangerous areas, dangerous parts, various unsafe factors, basic knowledge of safety protection and various safety technical specifications. 3) Safety operation skills education. The education of safety operation skills is to master the basic knowledge and skills of operation procedures and safety protection necessary for safety production in combination with the characteristics of this major, this type of work and this post. Managers and operators of special types of work should receive special training, pass the examination and obtain post certificates before they can take up their posts with certificates. In addition to the above three aspects of education, we should also make full use of the accidents that have occurred or attempted, conduct irregular safety education for employees, analyze the causes of accidents, and explore preventive countermeasures; You can also make use of the illegal operation or bad behavior of employees in the construction and production to conduct education in time, so that employees can always remember the string of safe production and pay attention to safe production in construction and production to prevent accidents.
Five, organize training of various safety plans.
In order to effectively protect the health and life safety of employees in their work and production and business activities, effectively prevent, timely control and eliminate the hazards of sudden production safety accidents, and minimize the losses caused by production accidents to units and employees, all units should actively formulate emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents and organize employees to conduct drills. Combined with the actual situation of the unit, the emergency rescue plan for production safety accidents is formulated and revised in time every year. Conduct fire drills according to the emergency rescue plan. It not only popularized the knowledge of fire safety, but also enhanced the fire awareness of employees, enhanced the ability of employees to resist accidents, and played a positive role in effectively preventing and containing all kinds of accidents.
Safety education and training can improve employees' sense of responsibility and consciousness in doing a good job in safety production, help them to implement various laws and policies on safety production, help them master safety technical knowledge, improve their safety operation level and master emergency measures, and lay a foundation for avoiding and reducing casualties.