The foundation of China's ancient educational theory was laid in Qin and Han Dynasties. Because the Qin dynasty unified the six countries, in order to strengthen the centralization of monarchy, books were burned to bury Confucianism, which led to the retrogression of ideology and culture in this period for hundreds of years. Later, after the establishment of the Han Dynasty, he learned the lessons of Qin and began to respect Confucianism alone. It was also under the influence of this policy that the Han Dynasty adopted a different literary attitude from the Qin Dynasty. Paying special attention to the role of intellectuals can be seen from the fact that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty recruited talented people.

First, Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism and gradually unified the Central Plains after destroying the other six countries, which also marked China's entry into feudal society. In order to strengthen the centralization of the central monarchy, Qin Shihuang consolidated his dominant position. Therefore, a very strict xenophobic education policy was formulated, which dealt a very severe blow to some people who started private schools. There is even a policy that all Chinese medicine books, including hundreds of poetry books, should be burned. When the situation is serious, there is a phenomenon of trapping and killing Confucian scholars. It can be seen that the thought of the Qin Dynasty had a great retrogression. It also gradually exposed the drawbacks of feudal society.

Second, after the Han Dynasty educated Liu Bang to establish the Han Dynasty, it summed up the lessons of the demise of the Qin Dynasty. In addition to the necessary policies, we also need to adopt legalist ideas. At the same time, it also recognizes the thought of inaction in Huang Lao's theory. Later, in order to meet the needs of the unification of feudal society, the rulers of the Han Dynasty finally decided to respect Confucianism after several comparisons. It is precisely because of the influence of this thought that the Han Dynasty and the Qin Dynasty carried out different cultural education. The Han Dynasty paid special attention to the role of intellectuals. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once gathered a large number of talents in Chang 'an, giving these intellectuals the opportunity and stage to display their talents and get rich. Therefore, the education in Han Dynasty reached unprecedented prosperity.

Third, lay the foundation of education In the Han Dynasty, there were both official schools and private schools, and official schools belonged to the highest institutions of learning. This way is conducive to the rulers to cultivate talents and study academic direction. Teachers in imperial academy are generally doctors. They are not only educators in imperial academy, but also consultants in the imperial court and sometimes participate in government activities.