(1) On human nature and the role of education: Mencius believed that everyone has a transcendental "conscience" and "goodness" and put forward the theory of "goodness in nature"; Xunzi believed that human nature was evil and put forward the theory of evil nature. Mencius believes that the function of education lies in developing nature, while Xunzi believes that the function of education lies in changing nature. The two are actually complementary. Mencius emphatically demonstrated the rationality of the feudal landlord class morality and the possibility of implementing feudal education, while Xunzi tried to explain the necessity of establishing the feudal landlord class morality and implementing feudal education. (2) On the purpose and content of education: Mencius believes that the purpose of education is to "understand human relations", which determines that the content of education is moral education based on filial piety; Xunzi believes that the purpose of education is to cultivate all kinds of scientific and technological talents, and the contents of education include poetry, books, rituals, music, spring and autumn, etc. (3) Thoughts on teaching: Mencius advocated "internal development" and Xunzi advocated "external seeking"; Mencius emphasized "thinking" and Xunzi attached importance to "learning"; Mencius regards teaching or learning as a process of "survival", "introspection" and "self-satisfaction", while Xunzi regards teaching or learning as "listening, watching, knowing and doing".