Bilingual teaching is an important way to realize education facing modernization, the world and the future. This paper expounds the necessity of bilingual teaching for computer majors, probes into the curriculum setting, teacher arrangement, textbook selection and teaching organization, and puts forward some suggestions on improving the bilingual teaching effect.
Nowadays, the influence of globalization and internationalization on China's education is more and more prominent, and internationalization has become an important embodiment of the school's running level. At present, the curriculum reform of colleges and universities characterized by bilingual teaching has been widely carried out throughout the country. Although there are various disputes about the effectiveness and economy of bilingual teaching, bilingual teaching is undoubtedly an important way to realize education "facing modernization, facing the world and facing the future".
First, the necessity of bilingual teaching for computer majors in colleges and universities Sigyn and MacKay define bilingual teaching as abstract: "In an education system that uses two languages as teaching media, one of the languages is often-but not necessarily-the students' first language." In other words, the language of bilingual teaching is only a medium, and the goal of language education is not achieved through language courses, but through the study of other courses in school education to help learners master two languages.
For computer majors, bilingual teaching is both universal and extraordinary.
1, computer professional knowledge is updated quickly, and new technologies appear every few years; Moreover, the development of computer specialty focuses on Europe and America, and the relevant materials are mainly in English. Most of the programming software is written in English, and the corresponding reference materials and help documents are also original English materials. Important international conferences and academic papers with high impact factors are all in English. In order to get the latest information of this subject and field in time and accurately, teachers must improve their English.
2. There are many English textbooks for computer majors, which create good basic conditions for bilingual teaching. Teachers can choose suitable teaching materials according to students' English level.
3. Many expressions and professional vocabulary of computer science are directly translated from English. Due to the professionalism of translators, some expressions and vocabulary translations are inaccurate, which makes it more difficult for students to learn and understand. Therefore, bilingual teaching for computer majors will lay a foundation for students to inquire about scientific and technological materials, read scientific and technological documents and conduct international academic exchanges in the future.
Second, the setting of bilingual courses The reasonable setting of courses is an important aspect that affects the effect of bilingual teaching. Because in the process of bilingual teaching, students should not only master professional knowledge, but also learn and use foreign languages, which will inevitably increase their learning burden. Poor course selection will dampen the teaching quality, students' enthusiasm and teachers' enthusiasm indirectly.
Professional basic course: it is a better choice. Professional basic courses are knowledge courses that lay the necessary foundation for professional courses. It is a course that lays the foundation for professional courses on the basis of basic courses. First of all, students already have the relevant basic knowledge before learning the professional basic courses, and the connection of knowledge will be easier, which is convenient for teachers to implement bilingual teaching smoothly; Secondly, in the course of studying specialized courses in the future, students will have a deeper understanding of the contents of specialized basic courses of bilingual teaching, which will strengthen the effect of bilingual teaching.
Specialized elective course: It's a good choice. The students of professional elective courses are all senior students, and have formed a relatively complete basic knowledge structure after studying in the lower grades; At the same time, they have also completed some professional basic courses of bilingual teaching; And most of the students have passed CET-4, and some even passed CET-6. Students at this stage have been able to adapt to the environment of bilingual teaching, and bilingual teaching can achieve better results.
Thirdly, the arrangement of teachers is the most critical new problem in the implementation of bilingual teaching. The success of bilingual teaching depends largely on whether there is a team of teachers with good professional skills and high foreign language level. Bilingual teachers should be able to use two languages flexibly and cross each other in the teaching process, so that students can not only understand the teaching content, but also exercise their foreign language ability. Therefore, the selection, training and appointment of bilingual teachers has become a top priority. There are several ways to choose a bilingual teacher:
1. Choose from professional teachers who have returned from studying abroad for many years. These teachers are the best candidates for bilingual teachers with good majors and English.
2. Send professional teachers with good foreign languages to key universities with good bilingual teaching in China for further study to improve their foreign language teaching ability; They can also be sent abroad for further study and gradually form a stable team of bilingual teaching teachers.
3. Hire professional foreign teachers. In the process of bilingual teaching of specialized courses, the participation of foreign teachers has played an unusual role. Because they use different teaching methods and introduce professional knowledge from different angles, it is necessary for students to expand their professional knowledge and improve their English level. However, when hiring foreign teachers, we should try our best to hire teachers with good working attitude, high professional quality, rich teaching experience and good language expression ability.
Fourth, the selection of teaching materials The appropriate teaching materials is a very important factor that affects the effect of bilingual teaching. Introducing and learning from foreign excellent textbooks is a shortcut for China's higher education to go global. In the Opinions, the Ministry of Education requires colleges and universities to use excellent and advanced teaching materials, especially in disciplines and majors with rapid development, international universality and comparability, such as information science and life science, which should directly use high-quality original teaching materials. In recent years, higher education and other publishing houses have published a large number of photocopying textbooks for computer majors, all of which are good choices. In addition, we can download some English materials from some authoritative professional websites, select them properly and organize them into teaching materials. These textbooks can let students know the latest development trends and trends of the industry.
In the process of selecting, importing and compiling original textbooks, some new problems must be considered:
(1) Students' English level is inconsistent with their knowledge level. The knowledge structure of junior students is incomplete, and most students' English level is not high, so the textbooks we choose should be easy to read, but at the same time, we should ensure the systematization and integrity of knowledge. Senior students have experienced a complete basic education and some bilingual courses, and their understanding of knowledge and language is higher than that of junior students. The bilingual teaching materials they choose can be increased appropriately.
(2) The teaching objectives and contents of foreign textbooks are inconsistent with those in China. It is a better way to introduce excellent foreign textbooks directly, but it is necessary to take into account the different educational systems and structures in different countries and the different educational objectives at different stages, so the requirements, contents and depth of the courses are different. We should make an appropriate choice of the content of the original textbook according to our own teaching requirements.
Fifth, the organization of the teaching process is the main guarantee factor for the implementation of bilingual teaching. Whether the organization is reasonable or not will directly affect the effect of bilingual teaching. This process has two sides, one is the teacher's teaching, and the other is the student's learning. These two aspects influence and promote each other. Teachers with rich teaching experience and rich teaching methods will stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning and improve teaching effect; Students' enthusiasm for learning is high, which in turn will promote teachers to devote themselves to the teaching process with greater enthusiasm. In the teaching process, teachers can also collect students' opinions according to their learning situation and adjust teaching methods in time.
1, using multimedia teaching method. In the process of bilingual teaching, explaining new words and grammar will inevitably affect the teaching progress, while the original textbook contains a lot of information, and multimedia teaching can make up for this deficiency to a great extent. Moreover, the use of multimedia teaching can free teachers from the heavy blackboard writing, further saving some teaching time. In the opinion, the Ministry of Education also put forward clear requirements for colleges and universities to use modern educational technology to improve teaching level: "Colleges and universities should strengthen the construction of digital teaching environment such as campus network, electronic library and multimedia classroom, and the proportion of teaching hours using multimedia should reach 15% or more."
2, highlight the teaching focus, timely summary. The adoption of multimedia teaching means will, to a certain extent, increase the amount of information received by students per unit time, which may lead to students' inability to understand and master what they have learned. Therefore, on the one hand, teachers should pay attention to the adjustment of teaching content, and aim at the target while ensuring the comprehensive teaching knowledge. The original textbook contains a lot of information, but some contents do not meet the requirements of the syllabus. For this part, the teacher can simply handle it. On the other hand, in the teaching process, we should highlight the key points and summarize them in time. In the process of bilingual teaching, important and commonly used professional words should be strengthened repeatedly to deepen students' impression of these words, so as to reduce the obstacles for students to read the original textbooks; At the same time, in the teaching process, we should also pay attention to summing up in time to help students get familiar with what they have learned as a whole, so as to help them review and master the knowledge.
3. Interaction in the teaching process. Bilingual teaching is a new teaching form, and the accumulated teaching experience may not achieve good teaching results. The teacher speaks very well, but if the students don't agree with him, it will greatly affect the teaching effect. Therefore, in the teaching process, we should always interact with students, listen to their opinions, understand their difficulties in learning, adopt targeted methods and constantly improve teaching methods.
4. Homework and examination methods. Generally, colleges and universities require that the test papers of bilingual teaching must use foreign language propositions, but there is no such mandatory requirement for students' homework, which will lead to the formation of students' learning inertia, because they are more accustomed to reviewing, discussing and thinking in their mother tongue, which will weaken the effect of bilingual teaching. In addition, although the test paper uses foreign language propositions, we should also grasp a principle. The main purpose of bilingual teaching examination is to check students' understanding and mastery of professional knowledge and concepts, rather than to assess students' foreign language level and ability. Therefore, try to use clear, standardized and commonly used expressions when making propositions, and some inevitable obscure words can be explained in Chinese.
5. Thematic discussion. The knowledge of computer science is updated quickly, and the original textbook may only briefly introduce some latest exploration directions and fields, so it is not realistic to systematically describe and expand these contents in class. In order to let students know the latest trends and progress of the contents involved in the course, we can add some forms of special discussion in the teaching process, divide the students into groups, assign some special topics to each group, let them find the materials of relevant special topics themselves, make multimedia foreign language courseware, and let them give you a report on the research content at an appropriate time, and organize everyone to discuss the contents of the report. This form of discussion can not only arouse students' enthusiasm for learning, but also expand their knowledge and make up for the lack of relevant content in the textbook.
Conclusion The implementation of bilingual teaching is the inevitable development trend of China's higher education facing modernization, the future and the world, which has strong practical significance for China's education and teaching reform. However, we should be soberly aware that "bilingualism" is only the carrier of knowledge, and the core of bilingual teaching is still professional education. The purpose of bilingual teaching is to train students to master professional knowledge and skills, master a second language through the study of professional knowledge, and form the ability to communicate with foreign countries. Bilingual teaching is a new educational method and a long-term educational goal. To achieve this long-term educational goal, there are still many new problems to be solved in teaching practice.