Ideas?
People-oriented educational concept is the product of the development of the times. It advocates people-oriented, takes people as the starting point of education and teaching, conforms to people's endowment, promotes people's potential and promotes people's all-round development. Its fundamental point is to respect people, people-oriented, people-oriented To embody people-oriented in education means to emphasize "taking human development, especially the harmonious development of specific individuals, as the object of education". The essence of education is to promote people's all-round development, not only rich knowledge or high-level diplomas, but also many people have high scores and low abilities. Today, when China is vigorously promoting quality education, it is necessary to change the past educational concept that only attaches importance to "students" and ignores "students". Students should not be regarded as imparting knowledge, but should be made the subject of learning from the perspective of people's all-round development. The core idea of quality education is: from teaching-centered to learning-centered; From passive to active; From focusing on memory to thinking; From learning to learning; From emphasizing the quantity of knowledge to the quality of knowledge; From emphasizing learning results to learning process; From the teaching of cultural knowledge to the all-round development of quality, these just reflect the educational concept of "people-oriented". It is the duty of education and teachers to cultivate students into all-round and high-quality "people". Therefore, we should respect, understand and care about people, and teach students to be human beings, to be a person with sound personality, a person with harmonious spirit and body, balanced emotion and reason, and unified words and deeds.
The most important thing to embody the "people-oriented" educational concept in education is to treat students as developmental people. We should not only consider the developing teacher-student relationship, but also consider the differences among developing students, pay more attention to the stage characteristics of students' own development, and allow and guide the diversification of students' development. In the specific educational practice, we should focus on the following three points:
(A) the establishment of equal teacher-student relationship, more understanding and respect for students.
Everyone is born equal, and every student should be respected by us, no matter he is an excellent student or a poor student. It is necessary to change ideas, emphasize equality and respect, and ignore the dignity of teachers; Emphasize understanding and guidance, do not take the place of others, and force orders; Talk about teacher-student interaction, don't treat students as containers full of knowledge. We should establish equal teacher-student relationship, respect students' personality, protect students' privacy, safeguard students' legitimate rights and interests, and be students' friends and escorts on the learning journey.
There will always be differences between people, and their respective existence has its rationality and diversity. We should face up to this rationality and diversity, so as to achieve "someone has a purpose." This "person" is not only a gifted student, but also a poor student, but all of us. We should spread the light of love to every corner and the seeds of knowledge to every land, so that students can enjoy the happiness of education fairness and feel the happiness of life.
Everyone has a psychological need to be understood, respected and affirmed. Our teachers should put down their airs, stand among students, be both instructors and learners, understand students' physical and mental conditions, study their study and life conditions, study their personality characteristics and psychological needs, listen to their voices, fight with each other, be their intimate friends, understand their joys and sorrows, and feel their joys and sorrows.
(2) Pay attention to the stage characteristics of students' personality development and pay more attention to love.
The body and mind of minors are in the stage of growth and development. Teachers should pay attention to students' physiological, psychological and learning characteristics in each growth stage, teach them step by step, cultivate their good living habits, study habits, work habits and manners, and at the same time pay attention to the cultivation of students' anti-interference and anti-frustration abilities, so as to help them get out of failure, move towards success and form sound and independent adults.
Minors have the greatest variability and plasticity. Teachers should look at and evaluate students' growth from a developmental perspective, not from an adult's perspective. Don't impose adult standards on students, don't judge students only by scores, don't be biased against students because of one or two mistakes, place unlimited hopes on students, appreciate students more, and encourage students to surpass themselves and teachers. "Disciples are not necessarily inferior to teachers, and teachers need not be superior to disciples" and "shine on you is superior to blue", which is a summary of the development law of human wisdom.
Minors are not well developed physically and psychologically and need special care and love. Teachers should love their students in a peaceful, pleasant, friendly and encouraging way and devote all their enthusiasm to them as loving mothers treat their children. Si Xia, a famous special-grade teacher, summed up her teaching experience for more than 70 years in four words: childlike innocence and maternal love. As the former Soviet educator Suhomlinski said, "Love is the premise of education" and "Without love, there is no education".
(3) Treat the differences between students dialectically and be more tolerant and tempered.
As the ancients said, gold is not enough, and no one is perfect. People's imperfection is actually in line with dialectics. Teachers should objectively and fairly evaluate students, not only divide them into two parts, but also see the bright spots in students and give them self-esteem, self-confidence and the dawn of hope.
Imperfect people, showing individual differences, are often differences in personality, differences in characteristics, differences in vividness. Teachers should treat differences correctly and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. The "material" here generally refers to the different characteristics of each student in physiology, psychology, various abilities to accept knowledge, ideological and moral cultivation, physical exercise, health care habits and so on. Teachers should educate students differently according to these different situations. For students with different personality characteristics, we should also adopt flexible and principled educational methods. Generally speaking, teachers should not use too much criticism for students with inferiority or self-abandonment, but should let them see their strengths and abilities through inspiration, suggestion and praise to enhance their self-confidence; Teachers should not praise students with strong self-esteem or conceit over and over again, but they should be considerate and leave room for criticism. At the same time, they should seize the initiative and try their best to make him see the shortcomings and deficiencies in his study so as to make progress with an open mind. For stubborn students, be calm and avoid arrogance; Don't be too accommodating and gentle to naughty students.
People's imperfections are also manifested in their easy to make mistakes. Many students make mistakes because of study habits, living habits, curiosity or other psychological reasons, not quality problems. When students have problems, teachers should carefully analyze and actively guide them, and don't blame them indiscriminately. Teachers should maintain maximum restraint, understanding and tolerance, and be kind to students. Tolerance is not accommodation, not indulgence, but facing students with a peaceful mind and guiding them in an effective way. To prevent students from making mistakes, teachers should be good at observing phenomena, seeing signs, having foresight, implementing measures first, preventing problems before they happen, and being "prevention stationmaster" instead of "fire fighting captain".
In short, people-oriented education should create a relaxed, democratic, harmonious and free educational environment, respect and understand people, carry forward the humanistic spirit, and let students learn to be human, learn to live, learn to innovate and become new high-quality talents.