Arctic Village

Arctic Village

Arctic Village

Mohe area 18367 square kilometers. The total population is 80,000 (2004).

County People's Government in Xilin Town. Postal code: 165300. Code: 232723. Area code: 0457. Pinyin: Mohe County.

administrative division

Mohe City governs 4 towns 1 Township: Xilin Town, Tuqiang Town, Jintao Town, Xing 'an Town and Beiji Township.

The development of history

Mohe County is named after Mohe in China. Mohe, called "Harmony" and "Mohe" in ancient times, is also called "Mohe" because the river is as black as ink. Because the river twists and turns like a stone mill, it is also called "Mohe River". "Mo" and "Mo" are homonyms, and "Mo" is gradually used. Han and Jin belong to Xianbei, Sui and Tang belong to Shiwei, and the metal belongs to Jingpuyu Road. In the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Lingbei Province, in the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Muhexu, the capital of Nuergan, and in the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to the vice capital of Heilongjiang, which was the hunting place of Soren Department. In the late Qing Dynasty 1888 to 10 (the 14th year of Guangxu), the Qing government opened the Mohe gold mine in Laogou. The rise of gold mines, "the military and civilians gather, merchants flourish, and stand tall in the border town." 1August 5th, 908 (July 9th, 34th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty), the Qing court approved the establishment of Mohe Zhili Guild Hall, which was located in Mohe and listed in the "Extension List". 1909 (the year of Xuantongyuan, Qing Dynasty) set up a general officer of Mohe, stationed in Mohe, and controlled Luogu River, Neihouhada, Mohe, Wusuli, Bargagli, Emerkaikukang and Anluokalun. On June 7th of the following year (May 1st of Qing Dynasty), the chief card officer "took over all local affairs". It belongs to Aihui Ice Road. After the founding of the Republic of China, on May 8th, 19 14, it was ordered to change Carmen, the general manager of Mohe, into Mohe Administration, located in Mohe Street and under Heihe River. 1 917 65438+1October1,Mohe administration was changed to Mohe county, which is a second-class county, and the county seat is located in Mohe street. The county is divided into two administrative regions, which govern 2 1 village. 1February, 929, the orthodoxy was abolished and changed to Heilongjiang province. In April of the same year, it was upgraded from a second-class county to a first-class county. After the fall of Northeast China, it was originally under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province, from 1934 to 12. 1945 After the victory of "93" War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it belonged to Heilongjiang Province. 1March, 947, Mohe County was revoked and merged into Huma County. 1948 1 month, the west of Stalyuk was placed under the jurisdiction of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the beacon light 1 above the Luogu River was determined as the demarcation point between Heilongjiang Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. 198 1 14 In May, the State Council approved the establishment of Mohe County, with Mohe, Xing 'an Commune in the north of Huma County and amuer, Tuqiang and Gulian, which belong to Daxinganling area, as the administrative areas of Mohe County. On August 16 of the same year, Xilin Town under the jurisdiction of the county people's government in Daxinganling area was formally established.

1992, Mohe County is located in the northwest of Heilongjiang Province, on the right bank of the upper reaches of Heilongjiang, at the northern foot of Daxing 'anling Mountains, the northernmost part of the motherland. It borders Tahe County in the east, Huzhong District of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Zuoqi of Ergon in the south, Youqi of Ergon of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the west, and Russia across the river in the north, with a length of 245 kilometers along the Heilongjiang border. The total area of the county 18233 square kilometers. The county governs seven townships. /kloc-at the end of 0/992, the total population of the county was 84,000, including 73,000 non-agricultural people; Manchu, Mongolian, Daur, Oroqen and other ethnic minorities account for 2% of the total population. County government resident Xilin market town. (The above is taken from the Catalogue of Records of Heilongjiang Province)

The name of Mohe comes from the name of the river. Mohe, also known as Mohe, originated in Inner Xing 'an Mountains and flowed into Heilongjiang in the north. Its river is as black as ink, hence the name Mohe, which later evolved into Mohe. The river has dried up now.

Tang Yu's three generations are cautious; It was the border of Xiongnu in Han Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Xianbei East, and the Jin Dynasty belonged to Douzi State, which belonged to Xianbei Land. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was the territory of Wu Luhou. The ownership of the Sui Dynasty-Jue; The Tang Dynasty belonged to the Bohai Sea system; Liao Dynasty was the subsidiary place of Liaodong Road. The Jin Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Huanglongfu; Yuan Dynasty belonged to general manager office of Helin Road; The Ming Dynasty had jurisdiction over Duoyan, Dongning and Fuyu. The Qing dynasty was under the jurisdiction of the deputy department that assisted the Huns, and later it was under the jurisdiction of Morgan, the deputy capital. With the rise and development of Laogou Gold Mine in Guangxu period, this place gradually became the gateway of internal and external communication of Zhegou Gold Mine. Because of its importance, in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1808), an attempt was made to establish Mohe Zhili Guild Hall, but it failed to be implemented. Xuantongyuannian (1909) set up the general manager of Mohe, and at the same time set up six border monitoring stations along the Heilongjiang River, namely Mohe area. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), ten monitoring stations were set up in Hu Ba, which was also under the jurisdiction of commander Mohe. In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), Mohe Prison merged with the area under the jurisdiction of Jurgan Prison to form Mohe Governance Bureau, which was subordinate to Heilong Heihe River. In the sixth year of the Republic of China (19 1 1), Mohe Governance Bureau was changed to Mohe County. In the early days of Manchukuo, this county belonged to Heilongjiang Province. In June of the sixth year of Kant (1939), the northern part of Xing 'an Province was placed under the jurisdiction of this county. After the recovery of Northeast China in the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), in the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947), the new provinces in Northeast China were planned to be changed into nine provinces, and the puppet Bei 'an and Heihe provinces were merged into Heilongjiang Province and Mohe River. After Mohe County was revoked, it was merged into Huma County. 198 1 May14th, Mohe County recovered from some administrative areas of Huma County.

198 1 14 In May, the State Council approved the establishment of Mohe County, with amuer, Tuqiang and Gulian districts as administrative areas, and Mohe and Xing 'an 2 Commune in Huma County as their headquarters in Xilin Gol. August 16 was formally established.

198 1 year, the State Council approved the restoration of Mohe county, established Mohe county government on the basis of Gulian district, and abolished amuer and Tuqiang district. Its administrative area governs the original Amur, Tuqiang, Gulian and Fukeshan, which is a no-man's land to be developed. It has jurisdiction over Xilinji (formerly Gulian District), Tuqiang (formerly Tuqiang District), Jintao (formerly amuer Town, amuer District) and Mohe and Xing 'an (Yuanmuer) Communes. Mullen and Kaikukang Commune belong to Tahe County.

1984 commune changed to township. As of 1990, the county administrative division belongs to Xilin market town (county seat, Qiaobei sub-district office under its jurisdiction, 13 neighborhood committee, 7 natural villages); Tuqiang Town (Liying has a sub-district office, 10 neighborhood committee); Jin Tao Town (with an office in Chang Ying, 13 neighborhood committee); Mohe Township (consists of 3 villagers' committees; 3 natural tuns); Xing 'an Township (consisting of 5 village committees and 5 natural villages).

In 2000, Mohe County administered 6 towns (Xilinji, Jin Tao, Tuqiang, Chang Ying, Yu Ying and Xing 'an) and 65,438+0 townships (Mohe). According to the data of the fifth census, the total population of the county is 80,982, of which the population (people) of each township is 37,209 Tuqiang Town 16 190 Jin Tao Town 15434 Yu Ying Town, 3234 Changying Town, 42 17 Xing 'an Town/KLOC-0.

Mohe County governs 4 towns 1 Township: Xilin Town, Tuqiang Town, Jintao Town, Xing 'an Town and Mohe Township.

Mohe County governs 4 towns, 1 township, 4 neighborhood committees and 7 village committees: Xilin Town, Tuqiang Town, Jintao Town, Xing 'an Town and Mohe Township. Systematically, Mohe County and Xilin Jilin Industrial Bureau are integrated with government and enterprise. Xilin Jilin Industry Bureau, Tuqiang Forestry Bureau and amuer Forestry Bureau are three forestry enterprises, and Gulianhe Coal Mine and Mohe Power Plant are two large enterprises.

On September 30, 2005, the People's Government of Heilongjiang Province approved Mohe Township in Mohe County to be renamed Arctic Township. (Heimin District [2005]No. 1 13)

Regional change

First, the realm of the late Qing Dynasty.

1909 (Xuantongyuan year), the main card yamen was set up, and the yamen was located in Mohe. General Kamen is responsible for local politics, military affairs, economy, culture, taxation, civil affairs, diplomacy and other affairs in Mohe generation. According to Yao, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Aihui, 1906 (thirty-two years of Guangxu), General Mohe ruled eight Kalun areas, which was the basis for establishing the administrative office. It is about 350 kilometers from the mouth of the Erna River, 8 kilometers above the Kalun River in Luogu River, to the border of Isiken Kalun, to which General Humar belongs. To the south, the ridge line of Ile Alin Mountain (Jinyi Huli Mountain) and Nenjiang County divide; It reaches the middle reaches of Heilongjiang in the north and faces Russia across the river, with a width of 220 kilometers from north to south. The total area of the jurisdiction158,000 square kilometers, or 39,500 square kilometers.

Second, the territory of the Republic of China.

According to the Temporary Authority of Division, Bureau and Card in Heihe Road and Border Areas, which was preserved by the Second Historical Archives of China (July 4th, the first year of the Republic of China), the total card area of Mohe remained unchanged in the early years of the Republic of China. "The Huma Hall was changed to the Administration Bureau, and the area under its jurisdiction was temporarily bounded by the planned Huma and Mohe Hall. The Huma River General Card Officer in Huma was revoked because Huma is now under management." "Only the Mohe General Card (official) is far from Huma, and it is still being established for the time being. The cards under its jurisdiction are still under the management of Huma Administration." 19 12 winter (in the second year of the Republic of China), General Kaguan Zhao Chunfang of Hulunbeier-Zhuerhe organized the 2nd Battalion of the Han Army to occupy Jilalin, and fought to the death with the rebels. After Hulun-Hou, only the main card area of Jules River refused to accept the rebellion. Later, the Governor of Heilongjiang ordered Zhao Chunfang to retreat to Mohe, and decided to merge the main card of Zhur River into Mohe.

19 14 At the beginning of the year (in the third year of the Republic of China), the Mohe Administration was established in May of the same year after the jurisdiction of the Zhuer River Master Card was completely merged with the jurisdiction of the Mohe River Master Card, and the jurisdiction of the Zhuer River Master Card was merged into 62,000 square kilometers, totaling 1550 square kilometers. The jurisdiction is divided into four areas: it is bordered by Anluoka and Humayisikenka in the east, Ergon River in the west and Russia's post-Baikal state, with a length of 435 kilometers from east to west, Nenjiang County in the south, Ilhuli Alin Mountain in the north, Heilongjiang main channel and Amur state in Russia in the north, and a width of about 375 kilometers from north to south. 19 14 (in the third year of the Republic of China) According to the survey of Heihe Daoyin, the total area under the jurisdiction of Mohe Administration Bureau is 220,000 square miles, or 55,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to more than three times the total area of Mohe County today.

19 17 (six years of the Republic of China) 65438+26 10, Mohe county was established, and the area under the jurisdiction of the county is the same as the administrative office. According to 1928 (seventeen years of the Republic of China), the total area of Mohe County is 303,600 square miles, or 75,900 square kilometers. 1929 (18), Oupujian County. The northeast of Mohe is divided into Aopu County, and the Mohe area changes as follows: east to Mullen, it borders Aopu and Huma County, west to Ergon River, bounded by northern California after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, with a width of 345 kilometers from east to west; It is bounded by Ilhuli Mountain in the south, Nenjiang County, Niuerhe River and a part of Hulunbeier City, and bounded by the central line of Heilongjiang main channel and Amur State in Russia in the north, with a width of 375 kilometers from north to south.

Third, the territory of the puppet Manchukuo period.

1934 (the first year of pseudo-Kant), Mohe fell under Japanese colonial rule, and the area under the jurisdiction of pseudo-Mohe County still used the area of the Republic of China. In the same year, the central government of the Puppet Manchukuo was changed to an imperial system, and local administrative institutions were reformed. The three northeastern provinces belong to 14 province, and Mohe county belongs to the pseudo-Heihe province. According to the survey conducted by the General Affairs Department of the Pseudo-Heihe Province in June of 5438+0935 (the second year of pseudo-Kant), the total area of Mohe County is 433 150 square meters and 32,638.7 square kilometers.

1939 (six years of pseudo-Kang) In June, the northern part of Xing 'an Province was placed under the jurisdiction of Mohe County. Its four borders: Oupu and Huma counties in the east, Xing 'an North Province in the south, Shiwei and Qigan counties in the southwest and west, and Chita and amuer in the Soviet Union across the water in the northwest and north.

Fourth, the territory during the liberation period.

1March, 947, Mohe County was liberated. Three brigades of a PLA unit led Mohe people to set up a democratic government and take over the county seat. In June of the same year, Heihe Commissioner Xu Lie visited Mohe, led Zhang Wentan, Xie Baozhai and other working groups to take over Mohe and set up a "building association", and all the power belonged to the building association.

1948 65438+ 10, it was inconvenient for him to lead the team because the Liaoke in the West Fourth Division was too far away from Mohe. The Heihe agency sent Xie Baozhai, director of the Construction Association, to the Inner Mongolia negotiation circle, and put the west of the four Liao families under the jurisdiction of Inner Mongolia, and set the No.1 beacon light above the Luogu River as the dividing point between Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province, and at the same time became the dividing line west of Mohe.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) current area

1981may 14, the State Council approved the establishment of Tahe and Mohe counties. The area under its jurisdiction is adjacent to Tahe County in the east, Ergon Banner in Inner Mongolia in the west, Ergon Banner in Inner Mongolia and a part of Huzhong District in Daxing 'anling in the south, the middle line of Heilongjiang main channel in the north, facing Chita and amuer in the Soviet Union. From Ergon estuary to Shenikong estuary, it is 245 kilometers long along the Heilongjiang border, with a width of 150 kilometers from north to south and a total area of 18233 square kilometers, accounting for 2 1.6% of the total area of Daxing 'anling, accounting for 3.9% of the total area of the whole province and a population density of 4.7 people/square kilometer. This area is the largest county in Heilongjiang Province, and its population density is one of the lowest in the province.

Split evolution

First, the division of the late Qing Dynasty

1909 (Xuantongyuan year) set up the Mohe County Master Card, which was managed by the Karen nationality system and divided into Luogu River, Naiqinhada, Mohe, Wusuli, Bargagli, Emerkaikukang and Luoan Eight Cards. In addition, a town in Xinlitun has a national tax collection bureau, and a township has a township police station.

Second, the division of the Republic of China.

19 12 years (the first year of the Republic of China), the original Zhurgan River main card under Hulunbeier was merged into Mohe main card, and at the same time the 1 1 card under its jurisdiction was merged into Mohe main card. In the same year, the Ministry of the Interior of People's Republic of China (PRC) promulgated the Law on Local Autonomy, and the administrative divisions were divided into districts. Because the laws were different at that time, the jurisdiction of the main card was still used. Namely: Mohe Street, Wenheka, Moheka, Neiqin Hadaka, bilal Ka, Lian Zhen, Kaiku Kangka, Moli Leka, Ele and Hadaka, Jurgan Heka, Xinlitun Township, Wusulika, Niuerheka, Changdianka, Qiganka, Anluoka, Luogu Heka, Yong 'an Ka, Muyi Heka, frontal.

19 14 (in the third year of the Republic of China), the Mohe general card yamen was abolished and the Mohe administrative office was established. Its administrative divisions follow the old MasterCard system.

19 17 (in the sixth year of the Republic of China), the administrative office was changed to a county, and the district was initially established. There are two administrative districts in the county, which govern 2 1 village (Kalentun). Area 1: north of Jilalin River, south to Ele and Hada, under the jurisdiction of 1 1 Kalentun. The second district: starting from the mouth of Ergon River in the west and reaching the eastern border of Yixiken in the east, it governs 9 Kalentun villages and connects 1 township.

1922 (1 1), the county is divided into one street, one town and one township. Streets, towns and townships are under the jurisdiction of Kalentun. Mohe street, the street is divided into three districts according to the police force configuration, with 3 armour and 60 cards. Even in a town, there are two districts, and there are 25 cards without armor. Xinlitun Township, 1 District, without a 25 card.

1925 (14), the county is divided into three administrative regions. Mohe is a district, which governs Mohe Street, Luogu River and Hada. Lian is the second district, which governs Lian Town, Wusuli and Bagali. Xinlitun is the third district, which governs Xinlitun Township, amuer, Kaikukang and Luoan.

1928 (17), the district system was abolished. The county is divided into 1 city, 1 town and 1 township. That is, the county (under the jurisdiction of Mohe, Neiqin Hada and Luogu River); Lian Zhen (Hailian, Ussuri, Bargagli, Amoore). In 1930 (19), the county was divided into 1 town, 4 villages and 18 villages.

Third, the puppet Manchukuo split.

1934 (the first year of pseudo-Kant), after the establishment of pseudo-Mohe County, the administrative divisions of the Republic of China were followed.

1936 (3 years of pseudo-Kant), the pseudo-Manchu government implemented the Baojia system. There are 4 insurance companies, 40 insurance companies and 400 brands in the county, which govern 4,000 households. There are two insurance companies in the county, Lian Zhen 1 Insurance Company and Xinlitun 1 Insurance Company. Insurance, director of insurance 1 person; A, the length is1; Card, card length 1 person.

1944 (pseudo Kant 1 1), the whole county changed the Baojia system to the street village system. The county is divided into four villages: Mohe, Lian 2 Street, Luogu River, Mohe Shangcun, Wusuli and Emur. Luoguhe Village (under the jurisdiction of Xikouzi, Sidaleke and Luoguhe), Mohe Village (under the jurisdiction of Qinhada and Mohe Village), Wusuli Village (under the jurisdiction of Yonghe Station, Wusuli and Barcali) and Emur Village (under the jurisdiction of Xinlitun, Emur, Kaikukang and Ma Lun).

4. After liberation, it was changed to 1976.

1947, after the liberation of Mohe County, the county administration was revoked and divided into the fifth administrative region of Huma County, which governed Mohe, Emur, Ma Lun and Kaikukang townships.

1956, the evacuation area is rural, with four towns: Mohe, Emur, Ma Lun and Kaikukang. There are six villages in the countryside.

1958 people's communes were established, and the rural integration system was implemented. The townships were changed to people's communes, namely Mohe, Emur, Mulun and Kaikukang. There are 12 production brigades under the commune.

1970 two districts (county level) of Gulian and amuer were established in the former Mohe county, and communes were established in each district.

1976, delimit the earth wall commune under the jurisdiction of A Mu District, set up the earth wall district (county level), and all the three districts are integrated with government and enterprise.

In April, 20021year, Mohe City ranked 32nd among the top 100 most beautiful villages in China.

In 200211year1October, the Central Civilization Office confirmed the list of cities nominated for national civilized cities in the creation cycle of 20021-2023, and Mohe City was on the list.

In June, 2020 165438+ 10, the Ministry of Water Resources announced the third batch of counties (districts) that reached the standard for the construction of water-saving society, and Mohe City was on the list.

In June 2020165438+1October, the list of the most beautiful counties in China in 2020 was released, and Mohe City was on the list.

From June 5438 to October 2020, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment awarded Mohe the title of the fourth batch of national demonstration cities and counties for ecological civilization construction.

In March 2020, Mohe City was selected as the first batch of national bases for returning farmland to forests.

In February, 20 16, Mohe city was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 15.