The word "humanity" first appeared in the ancient book I Ching in China, which said that "the change of observation time is related to astronomy; This is about human beings becoming the world. " The "humanity" here is the culture created by human beings, and it is the general name of human practical ability, methods and achievements. Not only in the material aspect, but also in the system and spirit.
At present, there is no clear concept in the interpretation of the word humanistic quality education in various documents. Some scholars define it as "humanistic quality education is to internalize the outstanding cultural achievements of human beings into personality, temperament and accomplishment through knowledge imparting and environmental edification, and become a relatively stable internal character of human beings." Some scholars simply summarize it as: "It is an education aimed at cultivating students' humanistic spirit and improving their humanistic quality." It can be seen that these two definitions treat humanistic quality as one of the components of human quality from the perspective of quality education.
Generally speaking, humanistic quality refers to people's comprehensive quality or development degree in humanities. Modern humanism appears to a great extent as the opposite of scientism and money fetishism. Compared with "scientism", it emphasizes humanism that pays attention to human life, value and significance; Compared with "instrumental rationality" or "technical rationality", it emphasizes value rationality and purpose rationality; Compared with pragmatism, it emphasizes idealism or romanticism that focuses on people's spiritual pursuit. "Science", "practicality", "humanity" and "ideal" are two indispensable value dimensions for human survival and development.
As Mencius said: "Benevolence, courtesy and wisdom are rooted in the heart, and their colors are natural." They can be seen on the face and back and applied to the four bodies. The four bodies speak for themselves. " Humanistic quality refers to people's views on life, inner moral cultivation and the resulting way of treating people.
Humanistic quality includes four aspects:
Have humanistic knowledge
Humanistic knowledge is the basic knowledge of human beings in the field of humanities (mainly spiritual life), such as historical knowledge, literary knowledge, political knowledge, legal knowledge, artistic knowledge, philosophical knowledge, religious knowledge, moral knowledge, language knowledge and so on.
Understand humanistic thought
Humanistic thought is the basic theory supporting humanistic knowledge and its internal logic. Compared with scientific thought, humanistic thought has strong national color, individual color and distinct ideological characteristics. The core of humanistic thought is the basic cultural concept.
Master humanistic methods
Humanistic method is the cognitive method and practical method contained in humanistic thought. Humanistic method shows how humanistic thought is produced and formed. Learning to think and solve problems in a humanistic way is an important aspect of humanistic quality. Different from scientific methods that emphasize accuracy and universality, humanistic methods emphasize qualitative, experience and connection with specific cultures.
Follow the humanistic spirit
Humanistic spirit is the basis of the world outlook and values produced by humanistic thoughts and methods, and it is the most basic and important humanistic thought and method. Humanistic spirit is the true meaning of human culture or civilization, and the national spirit and the spirit of the times are fundamentally the concrete manifestations of humanistic spirit.
Among the four aspects of humanistic quality, humanistic spirit is the core. The humanistic spirit is mainly manifested in the following aspects: when dealing with the relationship between man and nature, man and society, and people and culture, highlighting the principle that man is the main body; In the cognitive and practical activities, the ultimate pursuit is to meet people's needs, and the principle that people are the purpose is emphasized; In the comparison between people and things, it highlights the special status of people above things and things above things, and emphasizes the humanitarian and humanistic principles that spirit is more important than things, people's value is more important than things, and life value is given priority; In the relationship between people, we emphasize mutual respect for each other's personal dignity and highlight the principle of equality for all. The formation of humanistic quality mainly depends on the acquired humanistic education.
Second, the current situation of college students' humanistic quality and the significance of strengthening humanistic quality education
(A) the current status of college students' humanistic quality
At present, the humanistic quality of college students in China is not optimistic. There is still a big gap in humanistic quality education, and the "lack of humanities/social subjects" is becoming more and more serious, which is manifested in many students' uncivilized behavior, weak sense of social morality, poor psychological endurance, poor interpersonal skills, and even some psychological obstacles, and little understanding of the excellent culture and fine traditions of national history.
(B) the significance of strengthening the humanistic quality education of college students
Humanistic quality is an essential quality for college students to become talents. Every student who enters an institution of higher learning is eager to become a talent. But if he only has a certain professional quality and lacks humanistic quality, he will eventually become what people call a "robot", "tool man" and "one-sided man". Therefore, strengthening humanistic quality education is of great significance to college students' success.
1. Strengthening humanistic quality education can cultivate college students' innovative thinking ability.
Because natural science mainly relies on logical thinking, its way of thinking is often convergent, certain and inevitable, while humanities and social sciences mainly rely on thinking in images, and its way of thinking is often divergent, pluralistic and probable. Cultivating good humanistic quality can make college students often train the intersection and complementarity of two ways of thinking, form a comprehensive knowledge structure, and promote the cultivation of innovative thinking of college students. Facts have proved that super-class scientists are endowed with super-class talents. They are scientists, thinkers, philosophers and artists with good humanistic and moral cultivation. For example, Einstein, an epoch-making scientist in the history of scientific development, is not only an outstanding scholar, but also a great philosopher and excellent violinist. Great scientists who have made outstanding contributions to the development of human history, such as Madame Curie, Edison, Li Siguang, Zhu Kezhen, Hua, Qian Xuesen and so on. Not only in science itself, but also in their great spiritual strength and valuable character, they have made contributions to mankind. Therefore, cultivating college students' good humanistic quality will be related to their professional achievements and lay a solid foundation for cultivating innovative thinking and carrying out creative activities.
2. Strengthening humanistic quality education can improve the comprehensive quality of college students.
Humanistic quality is a basic quality, which has great influence and strong penetration on the formation and development of other qualities. Humanistic quality can promote the improvement of college students' comprehensive quality, not only improve their professional quality, psychological quality, ideological and moral quality, but also establish correct values, cultivate national spirit, improve thinking mode and strengthen non-intellectual factors.
(3) Good humanistic quality promotes people's all-round free development.
The era of knowledge economy is an era of all-round development of human beings. The all-round and free development of human beings can not be separated from the improvement of human humanistic quality. The improvement of people's humanistic quality is not only the content of people's all-round development, but also the content of social progress and development, and also the necessary condition for the development of other aspects of people, such as professional ability and professional quality. In a sense, people's professional ability and professional quality are only the conditions for people's all-round free development, while people's humanistic quality, that is, ideological realm, spiritual sentiment, cognitive ability and cultural education, is the symbol of people's all-round free development. Elegant humanistic cultivation can make students consciously care for others, society, human beings and nature, gradually acquire a sound and beautiful personality, and constantly climb from the realm of necessity to the realm of all-round development of freedom.