Parents often ask me why children can concentrate on their studies in kindergarten and jump up and down at home. In fact, this problem is not difficult to explain, because children lack a prepared environment at home, and parents do not provide their children with enough meaningful work materials for them to operate. As Dr. maria montessori said, "Our teaching AIDS make autonomous education possible and allow systematic sensory training, which does not depend on the ability of teachers, but on the teaching aid system". Montessori teaching AIDS are not tools taught by teachers, but "materials" for children to do "growth work". They are not the objects of assisting teachers in the classroom, but the media for children to carry out independent education and self-exploration. Today, I will share with you some teaching AIDS that I made for children in my teaching.
Self-made teaching AIDS in daily living area
"Daily life education" is an educational activity based on daily life, but the content of daily life education is often influenced by the geographical conditions, cultural background and economic situation of a country or region, and changes with the changes of these objective conditions. In principle, everything suitable for children in daily life can be regarded as a job. Daily life pays more attention to authenticity, so we try our best to provide children with real things. Woodworking is a traditional type of work in China, with national characteristics. Therefore, when designing daily teaching AIDS, more consideration is given to localization.
Knock in a nail
snore
Planing wood
Self-made and expanded teaching AIDS in sensory area
Montessori sensory education separates the senses of hearing, sight, touch and smell, and trains children's senses with pure sensory stimulation. Doing so is more conducive to strengthening children's sensory experience, and at the same time can promote children's concentration, sense of order and mathematical quality.
1, colorful
This is an extension of swatch 3. This teaching aid is divided into four levels, from shallow to deep, following the principle of from shallow to deep. Moreover, this kind of teaching aid not only needs children to distinguish colors, but also can combine the desired colors and graphics through shapes and different arrangement orders, which is very helpful for children's sense of space and logical thinking ability!
2. Marble building blocks
This job has endless construction methods for children, which is very creative and flexible, and is very helpful to the formation of children's creativity, imagination, sense of space and concentration. This is one of the teaching AIDS that are very popular with children in our classroom.
3. Mortise-tenon structure house
This is inspired by the traditional tenon-mortise structure houses in China, and it is also a typical representative of the localization of teaching AIDS. Through the operation of teaching AIDS, children can feel the wisdom of ancient people in China, understand the basic tenon-mortise structure and some simple mechanical knowledge.
Self-made mathematics teaching AIDS
Dr. maria montessori believes that the human learning process follows the laws from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract. She believes that in the face of the knowledge of the abstract concept of "mathematics", the only way to make children feel easy to learn is to take concrete and simple objects as the starting point, so that children can understand how many objects there are, how many, how big and how small they are, and then naturally associate the relationship between concrete and abstract, that is, concretize the abstract.
1, write numbers continuously.
Montessori's works never pay attention to fancy, but pay attention to operability and sustainability. This continuous work of writing numbers fully shows the child's high-intensity concentration. Of course, this work is an extension behind the thousand beads chain, and children will only do this work if they are proficient in the thousand beads chain. When the job was designed, three boys in our class actually became obsessed. Every day, rain or shine, they will never miss any available time to do the work. They actually finished writing 1000 in a month, finished writing 1000, and the children didn't stop writing. Later, they wrote more than 2,000. This persistence is really persistent.
2. Dice ratio
This is a relatively big job and can be expanded a lot. You can add dice and let the children compare the sizes after addition.
3. Poker
Poker is very common in our daily life, and it is also very suitable for entering our Montessori class. First of all, we classify by color, which can be used as a teaching aid in the sensory area, and can also be used as a math area to sort by size, play the game of hook fishing, and play the game of 2 1
Self-made teaching AIDS in science field
Dr Maria Montessori pointed out that children aged 4-6 are sensitive to culture. At this time, children are quite sensitive and interested in scientific and cultural knowledge, and it is easy to accept this knowledge. However, we don't ask children to absorb all the knowledge points, but through the operation of Montessori science teaching AIDS, let children stimulate their own spirit of exploration and experiment, arouse their love for the world and knowledge, and learn to think and solve problems with a scientific mind.
1, conductor and insulator
Understand what conductors and insulators are through children's personal experience, so that children are willing to explore constantly. A three-year-old girl who just came to our class, after taking her to do it again, can clearly distinguish which are conductors and which are insulators.
2. Air cannon
Air cannon allows children to understand the physical knowledge related to air compression in play and feel the fun of exploration. This is to let children light candles and then put them out with air cannons. Of course, first of all, we should show our children how to light candles correctly and pay attention to the safety of using fire. Later, we switched to paper cups, which allowed children to make paper cups first and then blow them with air cannons. The children like it, too.
3. Capillary phenomenon
Let children understand the capillary phenomenon, water can flow from low to high, and as an extension of the color sample, let children perceive the color of the three primary colors of red, yellow and blue.
4. Popular acrobatics
Let children understand the relationship between center of gravity and stability.
5. Local calls
Let children know how sound is produced and spread.
Montessori Teaching Aids Making The Secret Behind
1, isolation principle.
It is mainly based on the cognitive characteristics of children in sensitive growth period, that is, they only focus on one characteristic of the environment and refuse to accept things with other characteristics. Therefore, each teaching aid only contains one attribute of things, while fixing other attributes, isolating the difficulties or mistakes that children will explore. In other words, the problems or mistakes that children find and understand from a teaching aid must be limited to one kind. This kind of isolation simplifies children's work and makes it easier for children to understand the key points of the problem and focus on key concepts. For example, to do cloth box work, we should isolate the sense of touch, blindfold and isolate the visual influence.
2. The principle of simplicity to complexity and continuity.
By observing and studying human beings, Dr. Montessori knows that the learning process of human beings follows the laws from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract. Therefore, when designing teaching AIDS, we should follow the law of children's growth, which is conducive to cultivating children's sense of order and indirectly cultivating children's "inner discipline".
3. Error control principle.
Montessori teaching AIDS are designed for children's independent education, so the control of errors depends on the design of the teaching AIDS themselves, not the teachers. Error control is the highest level of intellectual activities, which will guide children to use teaching AIDS correctly and make them aware of their mistakes. Children form contact and dialogue with teaching AIDS through their own error control, which makes it possible for children to have independent education.
4. The teaching AIDS should be of a size suitable for children.
One of the great contributions of Montessori education is that we begin to pay attention to children, respect them and consider their needs, which is revolutionary in the era of Dr. Montessori. Therefore, when choosing teaching AIDS, we must choose the size and weight suitable for children.
5. Every Montessori teaching aid has a clear purpose.
Montessori teaching AIDS are mainly simple and clean log colors. Because of their educational significance, we usually use a single color to highlight the real educational goals, instead of temporarily attracting children's attention through fancy shapes and colors like some toys, so we must have a clear purpose when designing and selecting teaching AIDS.
Attachment: question and answer; A
Q: The child is three and a half years old and is in a sensitive period of mathematics. How to play Montessori's red and blue stick to better guide her through the sensitive period?
Zhuang Jinlong: First of all, our mathematics is divided into five sections: 0- 10, decimal, continuous counting, memory mathematics and abstract mathematics. The red and blue counting bar is only the first work in the 0- 10 system, and it is also the first work in our whole mathematical system. Its purpose is to let children learn the name and order of 1 to 10 through the counting column, and express each quantity separately, so that children can get the concept of quantity, and then provide a foundation for our mathematics. Therefore, in class, we will guide children to do the work of Montessori math area systematically by observing their situation. A simple job of counting red and blue sticks is difficult to meet children's math needs.
Q: Why do children like to play mobile games?
Zhuang Jinlong: This question is actually very simple. I broke my cell phone, just kidding.
First of all, parents should set an example. They can't tell their children not to play with their mobile phones at the same time. Playing mobile phones has various disadvantages. On the one hand, they hold mobile phones in front of their children every day. If you play by yourself, of course the children will follow you. Therefore, setting an example is the key.
Then prepare some meaningful materials for children to operate. Children have something to do, and of course their attachment to mobile phones will be low.
Finally, interact with children and play some games. Children will throw away their mobile phones when playing.