The subtitle of official documents is also called summary sentence. The correct use of subheadings plays an important role in official documents, which can enhance the visibility of official documents and make them more prominent. It can enhance the hierarchy of official documents and make them clear; It can enhance the readability of official documents and make them easy to read. Since subheadings play such an important role, how can we extract some accurate, concise subheadings that conform to the theme of official documents? Through case analysis, this paper expounds the methods and skills of refining the subtitle of official documents.
First, subheading general refining angle
(1) Refine the subtitle around the Measures. When the unit is doing a special work or daily work, it takes effective, distinctive and innovative measures. At this time, when writing summaries, reports, empirical materials, work research and other articles, you can refine the subtitle from this angle. For example:
For example 1 (1), leaders attach importance to it. (two) grasp the indicators, target assessment in place. (3) Make concerted efforts and make comprehensive coordination in place. (4) Grasp the system and put the accountability in place. (5) Grasp the quality and build a team in place.
The subtitle of this official document is to refine it around the Measures. Through these "five grasps", we can clearly present the main measures of our work in the past year to the audience. (2) Refine the subtitle around "Measures+Purpose". Every job has a different purpose, and different purposes determine different measures. At this time, we can combine the two to refine the subtitles. This method is more suitable for writing speeches, summaries, reports and other large materials. For example:
Example 2 (1) Make a comprehensive investigation, find out the base and ensure the key work objectives. (2) Seriously carry out study and education and lay a solid political and ideological foundation. (three) the overall organization of inspection and acceptance, to ensure the quality of party member.
This summary starts with measures and objectives and extracts three subheadings. In each subtitle, the first half of the sentence is measures, and the second half is the purpose of implementing measures.
It is easy for the superior leaders to know the measures taken by the unit and the purpose of taking such measures. Another example is:
Raise awareness, strengthen leadership, and lay a solid foundation for the management of special land funds. Two, increase the intensity of work, highlight the key points, to ensure the effectiveness of the self-inspection of special funds for land. Three, strengthen rectification, focusing on implementation, and promote the development of land special fund management.
This official document has also been refined around measures and purposes. It is worth emphasizing that this subtitle form can sum up a pattern: "First, enhance awareness and strengthen leadership ...". The second is to intensify efforts and highlight key points. The third is to strengthen rectification, focusing on implementation ... "For this form, if there are no supplementary contents such as' consolidating the foundation of land special funds management' and' ensuring the effectiveness of self-inspection of land special funds', it is empty talk and cliché, but if the following words are added, it will be substantial and practical.
(3) Refine the subtitle around "Measures+Effectiveness". In our work, due to proper measures, we have achieved good results. At this time, you can extract subtitles from this angle in articles such as experience summary, research report, speech and report materials. For example:
Taking the "three stresses" of cadres as the leader, we have done a good job in party spirit and party style education and formed the effect of "taking the lead in demonstrating". Second, taking the multi-level "three stresses" of teachers and students as the main body, grasping the key links and forming the "same frequency resonance" effect. Third, the "three stresses series" education has promoted the construction of party organizations at all levels and formed a "core radiation" effect. This official document is to combine the measures and effects, refine the subtitle, and let the measures and effects take care of each other and confirm each other, giving people the impression that the measures of the unit are effective and the results are remarkable.
(4) Refine the subtitle around "effectiveness". Achieving results is the main purpose of a unit's work and the best embodiment of completing the work. Therefore, in some materials such as achievement summary, reports and other articles, subtitles can be refined from this angle to highlight the key points.
Effectiveness. For example:
Qi Xin has made concerted efforts to solve the population problem and achieve new breakthroughs. Two, people-oriented, quality service system to achieve new breakthroughs. Third, standardize law enforcement and achieve a new breakthrough in education according to law. Fourth, pay attention to characteristics and achieve a new breakthrough in the construction of fertility culture. The fifth is to lay a solid foundation and achieve new breakthroughs in basic work at the grassroots level. Six, reward and assistance at the same time, family planning benefits to achieve a new breakthrough. Seven, love their jobs, to achieve a new breakthrough in the overall quality of the family planning team. Eight, innovative carrier, family planning association to achieve new breakthroughs.
Although the subtitle in this article is also elaborated by measures, it is mainly based on outstanding achievements, and eight "new breakthroughs" have been used continuously, so that the superior leaders can see the main achievements of the subordinate units at a glance.
(5) Refine the subtitle around the "problem". Official documents are made for things, and the essence of official documents is from finding problems to solving them. Finding and understanding problems in time is also the premise of doing a good job. In the work, with the change of situation and policy and the deepening of work, problems gradually appear. At this time, you can classify the problems and list them as subheadings.
Example 6 criticizes oneself for being an understatement, avoiding the important and being light. Criticize others for beating around the bush and passing by. Criticize the leaders' rhetoric and flattery. In criticism, achievements outweigh practical problems.
This paper analyzes the mining problem from the work and puts it in a prominent position as a subtitle, which directly exposes the problem and has strong pertinence.
Second, the subtitles commonly used sentence patterns
(1) the word "catch". Common sentence patterns are: (1) grasp ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× The phrase "catch" is often used to refine the subtitle around any combination of "measures, objectives and effects". For example:
Grasp the unity of understanding, let teachers and students find "ideological and moral coordinates" from the corresponding "three stresses". Second, pay attention to the implementation of the plan and turn the overall activity into a "positive and creative action" for all. The three stages of supervision make the activities at all levels "linked and mutually promoted". Fourth, grasp the typical way and give full play to the "comparable learning efficiency" of the role models around. The fifth is to consolidate the achievements and promote the "quality optimization of all staff" with the "three stresses series" activities.
The subtitle of this article is in the form of "grasping+measures, purpose". The measures taken in the work are to achieve the expected purpose. The author combines measures and purposes to refine the subtitle, giving people the impression that measures are not made out of thin air, and the purpose is not to shout slogans in vain. Another example is:
Pay attention to study and training and work hard on the word "live". Grasp the job security and work hard on the word "real". Grasp the reception activities and work hard on the word "deep". Grasp the "things to be solved" and work hard on the word "love". Pay attention to propaganda and guidance and work hard on the word "positive". The subheadings of this paper closely focus on the content of the measures, and five subheadings are extracted according to the characteristics of the measures. The highlight of this subtitle is to summarize the characteristics of each measure in one word.
(2) the sentence of "taking xx as xx". Common sentence patterns are: (1) take ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× For example:
Example 9 1 is to implement the spirit of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and make great efforts to implement it. The second is to take education and training as a breakthrough and strive to improve the quality of cadres. The third is to strengthen the construction of grass-roots organizations and strive to consolidate the achievements of advanced education activities. Fourth, efforts should be made to improve the ruling ability and promote the supervision of cadres. Fifth, taking the implementation of the civil service law as an opportunity, we will focus on promoting the reform of the cadre and personnel system. Sixth, based on the implementation of the "five hundred" project, make great efforts to do a good job in talent work.
The official document mainly focuses on the tasks and measures to refine the subtitle. "Grasp the implementation", "improve the quality of cadres" and "promote the supervision of cadres" are the tasks and purposes of this unit. In order to successfully complete the task and achieve the expected goal, some measures need to be taken. Therefore, the subtitles are refined according to the tasks, objectives and measures, so that the audience can know what the unit has done this year and how to do it. Another example is:
Example: 10 1. Focus on stability and solve the production and living problems of the victims with emotion. 2. Focus on saving water and tapping potential, and constantly improve the drought resistance. 3 focus on optimizing the structure and increasing income, and strive to enhance the comprehensive disaster resistance. 4. Effectively solve the problem of drought relief funds by means of multiple fundraising.
Official documents focus on the purpose, supplemented by measures to refine the subtitle. When writing this kind of subtitle, we must pay attention to the differences and connections between central work, key work and core work, otherwise it is easy to make mistakes around central work or key work.
(3) "To correctly grasp the relationship between XX and XX, the key point is ……". Common sentence patterns are: (1) To do a good job of ××, we need to correctly handle the relationship between ×× and ××. (2) Correctly grasp the relationship between ×× and ××, and make a breakthrough/innovation in ××. (3) Work hard on ×××× (×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
Correctly grasp the relationship between unity and separation, focusing on service development. Second, correctly grasp the relationship between correction and construction, and pay attention to people's livelihood. Third, correctly grasp the relationship between punishment and prevention, and strive to promote overall consideration. Fourth, correctly grasp the relationship between point and surface, and focus on key points. Five, correctly grasp the relationship between breaking and standing, and strive to adhere to reform and innovation.
The dialectical unity of philosophy applies to all departments and work. When writing, if we can summarize the subtitle of the article from the philosophical level, we can increase the depth and height of the official document. The above example is to refine the subtitle from this angle, not only to see the mainstream, but also to ignore the tributaries, so that the understanding will not fall into metaphysics and the works will not be biased.
Another example is:
First, adhere to and rely on the party's leadership and correctly grasp the relationship between the party's leadership and the role of the National People's Congress. The second is to perform duties around the overall situation of the city and correctly handle the relationship between the work of the service center and the exercise of legal authority. Third, organically combine supervision and support, and correctly handle the relationship between the National People's Congress and the "one government, two houses". Fourth, develop in inheritance and inherit in innovation, and correctly handle the relationship between inheriting tradition and creating a new situation. Fifth, reflect the essential requirements of the people being masters of their own affairs, and correctly handle the relationship between giving play to the functions of the Standing Committee and giving play to the role of representatives and the masses.
The subtitle of this official document is also based on the dialectical analysis of the works, which makes the audience's understanding tend to be dialectical and scientific. When refining this kind of subtitles, the author first needs to select and determine the content that needs dialectical thinking.
(4) "strive for (realize) xx years × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × days × months × days × months × days × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × days × months × For example:
Strive for a new style in the business environment. Second, in the business model, strive for new tastes. Third, strive for new highlights in operational effects. This sentence pattern is mostly used to refine the results, and summarize the results or goals of the work around several major work directions (such as "business environment" and "business model" in the example), such as "new style" and "new taste".
(5) "Number+Character" combination. Sometimes when refining subheadings, some secretaries are willing to refine them from the perspective of combining "numbers" with "words". When refining, it is often necessary to focus on the characteristics, measures and commonness of the work. This kind of subtitle is easy to leave a deep impression, lively and easy to remember. However, we should pay attention to the accurate generalization and application of the content when refining, and we should not blindly rely on forced editing in order to pursue this effect. For example:
Example 14 (1) Adhere to the "Three Hearts", pay close attention to the "Three Forces" and highlight the "Three Essentials". (2) Adhere to "one center", improve "two markets" and establish "three systems". (3) Providing "four services", taking "three measures", highlighting "two key points" and realizing "one goal". Example 15 (1) highlights the "three constructions" and strengthens the basic work of letters and visits. (2) Pay attention to the "three more" and collect information on letters and visits extensively. (3) Grasping the "three points" to improve the information quality of letters and visits.
In both cases, subtitles are extracted by combining numbers and words. Introduce work experience and explain problems in this way. , conducive to memory and lectures; Second, the organization is clear, so that readers can have a more systematic grasp of the content of the article. In addition, the expression of "number" is often increase, decrease or the same.
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