Best multiple choice questions
1[. multiple-choice questions] In order to avoid causing toxic epidermal necrolysis in a large area, it is suggested that the antiepileptic drug () should be tested for HLA-B* 1502 before taking it.
A. Amidimipramine
B. sodium valproate
C. clonazepam
D. topiramate
E. gabapentin
[Answer] A.
[Resolution] This question examines the adverse reactions of carbamazepine. Carbamazepine often causes blurred vision, diplopia, nystagmus and headache. Rare allergic reaction, Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, rash, severe diarrhea, diluted hyponatremia or water poisoning, lupus erythematosus-like syndrome. For Asian patients, it is suggested to screen whether they carry HLA-B* 1502 allele before starting carbamazepine treatment to avoid causing toxic epidermal necrolysis in a large area. So the correct answer is a.
2[. Multiple choice questions] Combined with the following drugs, the efficacy of phenytoin sodium may be enhanced by ().
A. prednisone
B. cyclosporine
C. Amidimipramine
D. rodenticide
E. levodopa
[answer] d
[Analysis] This study investigated the drug interaction of phenytoin sodium. Phenytoin sodium is an enzyme inducer of liver drugs. When combined with glucocorticoids, oral contraceptives containing estrogen, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, levodopa, carbamazepine, etc., it can accelerate the metabolism of these drugs and reduce the curative effect of these drugs. When combined with coumarin anticoagulants (warfarin), chloramphenicol, isoniazid and other drugs, the plasma concentration of phenytoin sodium increases, thus enhancing the curative effect of phenytoin sodium or causing adverse reactions. The combination of phenytoin sodium with a large number of antipsychotics or tricyclic antidepressants may induce seizures. So the correct answer is D.
3[. Multiple-choice questions] The following antiepileptic drugs have no obvious induction or inhibition on liver drug enzymes ().
A. sedatives and hypnotics
B. phenytoin sodium
C. sodium valproate
D. zolpidem
E. lamotrigine
[answer] e
[Analysis] This topic investigated the characteristics of antiepileptic drugs. Among the antiepileptic drugs, carbamazepine, phenobarbital and phenytoin sodium can induce hepatic drug enzymes, while sodium valproate and topiramate can inhibit hepatic drug enzymes, while gabapentin, lamotrigine and levetiracetam have no obvious induction or inhibition. So the correct answer is e.
4[. Multiple-choice questions] The following are not antiepileptic drugs ().
A. barbiturates
Benzodiazepines? kind
C. monoamine oxidase inhibitor
D. hydantoins
E. dibenzo-nitrogen? kind
[answer] c
[Analysis] This question examines the classification of antiepileptic drugs. Structural differences of antiepileptic drugs include: benzodiazepines? Category: hydantoins: barbiturates; Benzodiazepine? Category: fatty acid derivatives; Other antiepileptic drugs. So the correct answer is C.
5[. Multiple choice questions] Among the following antiepileptic drugs, () has the highest protein binding rate.
A. sedatives and hypnotics
B. phenytoin sodium
C. Epileptone
D. topiramate
E. Mora Sansan
[answer] b
[Analysis] This topic investigated the characteristics of antiepileptic drugs. The protein binding rates of antiepileptic drugs in brain stem were phenobarbital (45%~50%), phenytoin sodium (90%), primidone (20%~30%), topiramate (65438 03%) and lamotrigine (55%) respectively. So the correct answer is B.
6[. Multiple choice questions] Regarding the usage and dosage of carbamazepine, the following statement is wrong ().
A Chinese medicinal composition for treating adult epilepsy. The initial dose is 100~200mg once a day, and the dose is gradually increased to achieve the best curative effect.
B for the treatment of adult mania, the usual dose is 400~600mg per day, taken 2~3 times.
C. Adult trigeminal neuralgia, the initial dose is 100mg once, 2~3 times a day, and the dose is gradually increased until the pain is relieved.
D for adult alcohol withdrawal syndrome, 200mg once, 3-4 times a day.
E carbamazepine is prohibited for minors under the age of 18.
[answer] e
[Analysis] This question examines the usage and dosage of carbamazepine. (1) Adult: used for epilepsy treatment. Initial dose 100~200mg once, 1~2 times a day, and gradually increase the dose to the best effect (generally 400mg a day, 2~3 times a day). For the treatment of mania and the prevention and treatment of mania-depression, the dosage is 400~ 1600mg per day, generally 400~600mg per day, taken in 2~3 times. The initial dose of trigeminal neuralgia is 100mg once, 2~3 times a day, and the dose is gradually increased until the pain is relieved. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome 200mg once, 3~4 times a day. The average dose of central diabetes insipidus is 200mg once, 2~3 times a day. (2) Children: daily 10~20mg/kg, daily 100 ~ 200mg for children under 0, daily1400mg for children under 5, and daily10 for children under 6 ~ 600mg. The maintenance amount was adjusted to the blood drug concentration of 4~ 12? G/ml. So the correct answer is e.
7[. Multiple-choice questions] Among selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, () is a kind of slow oral absorption.
A. citalopram
B. Paroxetine
C. sertraline
D. fluoxetine
E. amitriptyline
[answer] c
[Analysis] This question examines the characteristics of antidepressants. Among the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (citalopram, paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine), other drugs except sertraline are well absorbed orally. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant. So the correct answer is C.
8[. Multiple choice questions] The mechanism of action of the antidepressant paroxetine is ().
A. inhibit the reuptake of 5-HT and norepinephrine, and enhance the function of central 5-HT and ne nerves.
B. Selectively inhibit the reuptake of 5-HT and increase the concentration of 5-HT in synaptic cleft, thus enhancing the central 5-HT nerve function.
C. inhibiting the recovery of norepinephrine through presynaptic membrane is the only way to enhance the function of central noradrenergic nerve.
D, inhibiting monoamine oxidase A and reducing the degradation of norepinephrine, 5-HT and dopamine.
E. inhibit the reuptake of 5-HT 1 by presynaptic membrane, antagonize 5-HT receptor and antagonize the central nervous system? 1 receptor
[answer] b
Compatibility multiple choice questions
1[. Share the answer]
A. Amidimipramine
B. phenytoin sodium
C. sodium valproate
D. sedative and hypnotic agent
E. levetiracetam
1[1multiple choice questions] was approved for the adjuvant treatment of children and adults with focal seizures, 12-year-old adolescents with myoclonic seizures and 6-year-old patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy with primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The most common adverse reaction is sedation ().
[answer] e
【 Analysis 】 This topic examines the characteristics of action and drug interaction of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug. (1) levetiracetam is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, which is approved as an adjuvant treatment for the following situations: focal seizures in children and adults, myoclonic seizures in adolescents aged 12 and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy aged 6 and above. The most common adverse reaction of this drug is sedation. (2) Levetiracetam and its main metabolites are neither inhibitors of cytochrome P450, cyclooxygenase or uridine diphosphate-glucosidase in human liver, nor substrates with high affinity. Therefore, pharmacokinetic interaction is not easy to occur. At the same time, the plasma protein binding rate of levetiracetam is low, and it is not easy to compete with other drugs for protein binding sites and produce clinically meaningful interactions.
2 [1multiple-choice question] The original drug and its main metabolites within the therapeutic dose range are neither inhibitors of cytochrome P450, cyclooxygenase or uridine-glucosidase nor substrates with high affinity in human liver; The plasma protein binding rate of drugs is low, and it is not easy to produce clinically significant interactions caused by competing with other drugs for protein binding sites. The antiepileptic drug with the above characteristics is ().
[answer] e
【 Analysis 】 This topic examines the characteristics of action and drug interaction of levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug. (1) levetiracetam is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, which is approved as an adjuvant treatment for the following situations: focal seizures in children and adults, myoclonic seizures in adolescents aged 12 and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy aged 6 and above. The most common adverse reaction of this drug is sedation. (2) Levetiracetam and its main metabolites are neither inhibitors of cytochrome P450, cyclooxygenase or uridine diphosphate-glucosidase in human liver, nor substrates with high affinity. Therefore, pharmacokinetic interaction is not easy to occur. At the same time, the plasma protein binding rate of levetiracetam is low, and it is not easy to compete with other drugs for protein binding sites and produce clinically meaningful interactions.
2[. Share answers]
A. sedatives and hypnotics
B. diazepam
C. chlorohydroxynordiazepam
D. amidazine
E. gabapentin
3 [1multiple choice questions] Benzodiazepines with long half-lives? Drugs are ().
[answer] b
[Analysis] This question examines the characteristics of sedative hypnotics and antiepileptic drugs. Benzodiazepines such as diazepam and fluoxetine? Drug half-life is long, and prototype drugs or their metabolites often accumulate in the body until they reach the steady-state blood drug concentration. Benzodiazepines such as clonazepam, lorazepam and alprazolam? Drug half-life drugs are medium or short. When used continuously, there are generally no active metabolites, and the follow-up effect of the drug is small, and it can reach a steady state within a few days. Benzodiazepine? Drugs are excreted in the body mainly through the kidneys. Barbiturates (phenobarbital) are mainly transformed by the liver and excreted by the kidney: phenytoin sodium is mainly metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidney; Carbamazepine is metabolized by liver and excreted by kidney and feces.
4 [1multiple-choice question] benzodiazepines with short half-life and small after-effects? Drugs are ().
[answer] c
[Analysis] This question examines the characteristics of sedative hypnotics and antiepileptic drugs. Benzodiazepines such as diazepam and fluoxetine? Drug half-life is long, and prototype drugs or their metabolites often accumulate in the body until they reach the steady-state blood drug concentration. Benzodiazepines such as clonazepam, lorazepam and alprazolam? Drug half-life drugs are medium or short. When used continuously, there are generally no active metabolites, and the follow-up effect of the drug is small, and it can reach a steady state within a few days. Benzodiazepine? Drugs are excreted in the body mainly through the kidneys. Barbiturates (phenobarbital) are mainly transformed by the liver and excreted by the kidney: phenytoin sodium is mainly metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidney; Carbamazepine is metabolized by liver and excreted by kidney and feces.
5 [1multiple-choice question] The kidney and feces excrete ().
[answer] d
[Analysis] This question examines the characteristics of sedative hypnotics and antiepileptic drugs. Benzodiazepines such as diazepam and fluoxetine? Drug half-life is long, and prototype drugs or their metabolites often accumulate in the body until they reach the steady-state blood drug concentration. Benzodiazepines such as clonazepam, lorazepam and alprazolam? Drug half-life drugs are medium or short. When used continuously, there are generally no active metabolites, and the follow-up effect of the drug is small, and it can reach a steady state within a few days. Benzodiazepine? Drugs are excreted in the body mainly through the kidneys. Barbiturates (phenobarbital) are mainly transformed by the liver and excreted by the kidney: phenytoin sodium is mainly metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidney; Carbamazepine is metabolized by liver and excreted by kidney and feces.
3[. Share the answer]
A. amitriptyline
B. fluoxetine
C. moclobemide
D. venlafaxine
E. mirtazapine
1[1multiple choice question] belongs to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is ().
[answer] b
[Analysis] This topic investigated the representative drugs of different types of antidepressants. According to different chemical structures and mechanisms of action, antidepressants can be divided into selective serotonin (5- HT) reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline and citalopram), 5- HT and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine and duloxetine), norepinephrine and specific 5-HT antidepressants (mirtazapine) and tricyclic antidepressants.
2 [1multiple choice question] belongs to the monoamine oxidase inhibitor is ().
[answer] c
[Analysis] This topic investigated the representative drugs of different types of antidepressants. According to different chemical structures and mechanisms of action, antidepressants can be divided into selective serotonin (5- HT) reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline and citalopram), 5- HT and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine and duloxetine), norepinephrine and specific 5-HT antidepressants (mirtazapine) and tricyclic antidepressants.
3 [1multiple choice question] belongs to serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors is ().
[answer] d
[Analysis] This topic investigated the representative drugs of different types of antidepressants. According to different chemical structures and mechanisms of action, antidepressants can be divided into selective serotonin (5- HT) reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline and citalopram), 5- HT and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine and duloxetine), norepinephrine and specific 5-HT antidepressants (mirtazapine) and tricyclic antidepressants.
multiple-choice question
1[. multiple-choice questions] The pharmacokinetic parameters of opioid analgesics vary greatly, with dosage, route of administration, injection speed and liver and kidney function. The following statement about the characteristics of opioid analgesics is correct ().
A. drugs with high fat solubility have high analgesic effect.
B. drugs with small molecular weight have high analgesic effect.
C. Ionized drugs have high analgesic effect.
D. the analgesic effect is related to the drug dose.
E. the analgesic effect is related to the drug strength.
[Answer] Abd
[Analysis] This question examines the functional characteristics of opioids. Pharmacokinetic parameters of opioid analgesics vary greatly, depending on dosage, route of administration, slow injection of acetylene and liver and kidney function. Opioid analgesics must enter the receptor of the central nervous system from the blood through the biofilm in order to play an analgesic role. The analgesic effect is not only related to the dose and intensity of the drug, but also depends on the molecular weight, ionization degree, fat solubility and protein binding force of the drug. Drugs with high fat solubility and low molecular weight have high biofilm permeability. The fat solubility of non-ionized drugs is higher than that of ionized drugs, so the higher the proportion of non-ionized drugs, the more drugs enter the central nervous system and the more acetylene plays a role. So the correct answer is ABDE.
2[. Multiple choice questions] Except for patients with advanced moderate and severe cancer pain, the common adverse reactions when using opioid analgesics are ().
A. constipation
B. Impaired psychomotor function
C. urinary retention
D. addiction
E. visual abnormality
[Answer] ABCD
[Resolution] This question examines the typical adverse reactions of opioids. Common adverse reactions during opioid therapy include constipation, nausea, vomiting, sedation, psychomotor impairment and urinary retention. In addition, it is necessary to monitor whether the patient has respiratory depression, bronchial recovery, yellowing of vision, rare abnormal vision or diplopia. Attention should also be paid to the patient's respiratory system, kidney or liver dysfunction, sleep apnea or mental illness. These drugs are addictive, and for patients with advanced moderate and severe cancer pain, if treated properly, there is little tolerance or dependence. So the correct answer is ABCD.
3[. Multiple choice questions] The correct statement about the pharmacological action and mechanism of levodopa is ().
A. levodopa itself has no pharmacological activity.
Levodopa can cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
C. levodopa mainly enters the brain.
Levodopa can stimulate postsynaptic dopamine receptors.
Levodopa has a good effect on mild and moderate patients, but it has a poor effect on severe or elderly patients.
[Answer] Abe
[Analysis] This question examines the functional characteristics of levodopa. L-dopa is a precursor for synthesizing norepinephrine and dopamine (DA) in vivo, and has no pharmacological activity. It can be decarboxylated by dopa decarboxylase and form dopamine in the brain through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, which plays a pharmacological role. However, because dopa decarboxylase is widely distributed in the body, most of this drug decarboxylates into dopamine outside the brain, and only a small part (about 1%) enters the brain. Dopamine formed in the brain stimulates postsynaptic dopamine receptors, so that random nerve impulses can be transmitted to the next neuron, which can improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. When treating Parkinson's disease, the curative effect is good for mild and moderate patients, but poor for severe or elderly people. So the correct answer is Abe.
4[. Multiple choice questions] About the description of anti-Parkinson's drugs, the correct one is ().
A. The adverse reaction of levodopa is mainly due to long-term medication and excessive dopamine production in the periphery.
B the serious adverse reactions of trihexyphenidyl are mainly withdrawal symptoms after drug withdrawal.
C. Long-term use of trihexyphenidyl in the elderly is easy to cause glaucoma.
Entacapone can form a complex with iron in gastrointestinal tract.
Paralytic intestinal obstruction can occur when trihexyphenidyl is combined with amantadine.
[Answer] ABCDE
[Analysis] The adverse reactions, drug interactions and clinical applications of anti-Parkinson's drugs were investigated in this study. The adverse reaction of (1) levodopa is mainly caused by excessive peripheral dopamine production after long-term medication. (2) When trihexyphenidyl is combined with amantadine, anticholinergic drugs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors Pageline and procaine, it can enhance the anticholinergic effect and cause paralytic intestinal obstruction. (3) The serious adverse reactions of trihexyphenidyl are mainly withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, decadence caused by poor sleep quality, extrapyramidal syndrome and transient deterioration of mental symptoms. (4) Long-term application in the elderly is easy to cause glaucoma. (5) Entakamine can be integrated with iron in gastrointestinal tract, and the interval between taking this medicine and iron preparation should be at least 2-3 hours. So the correct answer is ABCDE.
5[. Multiple choice questions] The following belong to the second generation of antipsychotics ().
A. chlorpromazine
B. clozapine
C. perphenazine
D. risperidone
E. olanzapine
[Answer] BDE
[Analysis] This question examines the classification of antipsychotic drugs. At present, antipsychotic drugs used in clinic are mainly divided into two generations. The first generation of antipsychotic drugs (chlorpromazine, haloperidol and perphenazine) refers to antipsychotic drugs that mainly act on D2 receptors in the central nervous system, while the second generation of antipsychotic drugs includes clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone and aripiprazole. So the correct answer is BDE.
The above is the content sharing of multiple-choice questions in the 20021Licensed Pharmacist Examination "Medicine II", hoping to help candidates. If you want to know more about the licensed pharmacist exam, please pay attention to the global Ivy League online school in time!