What are the 3d printing materials?
What are the 3d printing materials?
3D printing is usually realized by a material printer using digital technology. It is often used in mold manufacturing, industrial design and other fields to make models, and then gradually used in the direct manufacturing of some products. Parts already printed with this technology. This technology has been applied to jewelry, footwear, industrial design, architecture, engineering construction, automobile, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information system, civil engineering, guns and other fields. So what materials do you need for 3D printing? Let's take a look!
Classification of 3D printed materials
1。 According to the physical state of matter.
It can be divided into liquid materials, flaky materials, powdery materials and filamentous materials.
2。 According to the chemical properties of materials
According to the different chemical properties of materials, they can be divided into resin materials, paraffin materials, metal materials, ceramic materials and their composites.
3。 Classification by material forming method
According to different molding methods, it can be divided into SLA materials, LOM materials, SLS materials and FDM materials.
Liquid material: SLA, photosensitive resin
Solid powder: SLS
nonmetal
metallizer
Solid board: Lome
Paper, plastic, ceramic foil, metal platinum+adhesive
Solid wire: FDM
Wax wire, ABS wire, etc.
Abs plastics
ABS can be said to be the most commonly used printing material for FDM. At present, there are many colors to choose from, which is the favorite printing material for consumer 3D printers, such as printing many Lego toys and making many creative home accessories. ABS materials are usually packed in filament trays and printed by heating and melting through 3D printing nozzles. Because the nozzle needs to be cured immediately after spraying, the heating temperature of the nozzle is controlled to be higher than the hot melting point of ABS material 1℃ to 2℃. Due to different melting points, different ABS cannot be used for nozzles that cannot adjust the temperature. This is why it is best to buy printed materials from the original manufacturer. Metal processing wechat, with good content, deserves attention.
PLA plastics
PLA plastic fuse can be said to be another very commonly used printing material, especially for consumer-grade 3D printers, PLA can be degraded and is an environmentally friendly material. PLA generally does not need a heating bed, unlike ABS, so PLA is easier to use and more suitable for low-end 3D printers. PLA has a variety of colors to choose from, translucent red, blue, green and fully transparent materials. For the same reason as ABS, the versatility of PLA needs to be improved.
Alec acrylic material
Alec material has a good surface finish and can print transparent and translucent products. At present, Alec materials can be used to make tooth models for orthodontic treatment.
Nylon aluminum powder material
This material is mixed with aluminum powder in nylon powder and printed by SLS technology. Its finished product has metallic luster and is often used for printing creative products such as decorations and jewelry.
Ceramic-ceramic
Ceramic powder is sintered by SLS, glazed ceramic products can be used to hold food, and many people use ceramics to print personalized cups. Of course, 3D printing cannot complete the high-temperature firing of ceramics. This procedure now requires high-temperature firing after printing is completed.
Resin-resin
Resin is an important raw material of SLA-Stereography SLA-Stereolithography instrument. It has many forms, such as transparent and semi-solid, and can be used to make intermediate design process models. Because of its higher molding accuracy than FDM, resin can be used as biological model or medical model.
Glass-glass
Real glass is being tested at present. Glass powder is printed by SLS technology, and there are as many kinds of glass materials as resin and polypropylene.
Stainless steel-stainless steel
Stainless steel is hard and strong. Stainless steel powder is sintered by SLS technology in 3D, and can be selected in three colors: silver, bronze and white. Stainless steel can be used to make models, modern works of art and many functional and decorative items. Metal processing wechat, with good content, deserves attention.
Other metals-silver, gold and titanium
These metal materials are sintered from SLS powder, gold and silver can be used to print ornaments, and titanium is often used in high-end 3D printers to print aircraft parts.
Color printing and other materials
There are two kinds of color printing, one is that two or more colors of the same or different materials are extruded from their respective nozzles, and the most commonly used is the consumer-grade FDM dual-nozzle printer, which forms a limited tone through the combination of two or more materials. The other is based on the principle of inkjet printer, which combines different dyes with adhesives and injects them into the powder of printing materials for curing. In theory, this technology can print "true color" 3D articles. The printing material is usually resin, polypropylene or ABS. The most mature "full-color" printing technology is 3Dsystem Company, followed by Israel's Objet Company.
Other printing materials, including cement, rock, paper and even salt, are currently used in a small amount of research. For example, some Dutch companies have developed concrete to print houses, and small models or prefabricated parts can be printed through preliminary experiments. Some people have also studied printing furniture with wood or paper, especially printing newspapers with recycled paper, which is very promising.
We have generally introduced the commonly used and available materials for 3D printing at present, and the materials for 3D printing are still developing. For example, Israel's Objet Company produces a variety of consumer-grade and industrial-grade printers, but Objet Company pays more attention to the research and development of printing materials, and launches corresponding printing materials for different industries every year, such as medical materials. In addition, it should be recognized that 3D printing materials are newly developed and customized, and are specially used for 3D printing. Whether it is FDM, SLA or SLS technology, the requirements for materials are very high, and the price of materials for 3D printing is still relatively expensive. The universality of materials is a problem to be solved. Objet introduces several new materials every year, but it can only be applied to Objet's own printer. At present, the versatility of materials has made a breakthrough in consumer printers, but the materials for industrial and high-end printers are still exclusive.
What are the materials for 3D printers?
If the 3D printing materials are classified, they can be divided into petrochemical products, biological products, metal products, lime concrete products, etc. The following ten kinds are commonly used:
First, ABS plastics
ABS can be said to be the most commonly used printing material for FDM. At present, there are many colors to choose from, which are the favorite printing materials for consumers of consumer 3D printers, such as printing toys and creative home decorations. ABS materials are usually packed in filament trays and printed by heating and melting through 3D printing nozzles. Because the nozzle needs to be cured immediately after spraying, the heating temperature of the nozzle is controlled to be higher than the hot melting point of ABS material 1℃ to 2℃. Due to different melting points, different ABS cannot be used for nozzles that cannot adjust the temperature. This is why it is best to buy printed materials from the original manufacturer.
Second, PLA plastics.
PLA plastic fuse can be said to be another very commonly used printing material, especially for consumer-grade 3D printers, PLA can be degraded and is an environmentally friendly material. PLA generally does not need a heating bed, unlike ABS, so PLA is easier to use and more suitable for low-end 3D printers. PLA has a variety of colors to choose from, as well as translucent red, blue, green and fully transparent materials. For the same reason as ABS, the versatility of PLA needs to be improved.
Third, Alec acrylic materials
Alec material has a good surface finish and can print transparent and translucent products. At present, Alec materials can be used to make tooth models for orthodontic treatment.
3D printing Alec
Four, nylon aluminum powder material
This material is mixed with aluminum powder in nylon powder and printed by SLS technology. Its finished product has metallic luster and is often used for printing creative products such as decorations and jewelry.
3D printing nylon aluminum powder
Verb (abbreviation of verb) pottery making
Ceramic powder is sintered by SLS, glazed ceramic products can be used to hold food, and many people use ceramics to print personalized cups. Of course, 3D printing cannot complete the high-temperature firing of ceramics. This procedure now requires high-temperature firing after printing is completed.
3D printing ceramic
Six, resin
Resin is an important raw material of SLA-Stereography SLA-Stereography instrument, which has many changes, such as transparency and semi-solid, and can be used to make intermediate design process models. Because of its higher molding accuracy than FDM, resin can be used as biological model or medical model.
3D printing resin
Seven, glass
Real glass is being tested at present. Glass powder is printed by SLS technology, and there are as many kinds of glass materials as resin and polypropylene.
Eight, stainless steel
Stainless steel is hard and strong. Stainless steel powder is sintered by SLS technology in 3D, and can be selected in three colors: silver, bronze and white. Stainless steel can be used to make models, modern works of art and many functional and decorative items.
3D print ornaments
Nine, other metals-silver, gold and titanium
These metal materials are sintered from SLS powder, gold and silver can be used to print ornaments, and titanium is often used in high-end 3D printers to print aircraft parts.
X. color printing and other materials
There are two kinds of color printing, one is that two or more colors of the same or different materials are extruded from their respective nozzles, and the most commonly used is the consumer-grade FDM dual-nozzle printer, which forms a limited tone through the combination of two or more materials. The other is based on the principle of inkjet printer, which combines different dyes with adhesives and injects them into the powder of printing materials for curing. In theory, this technology can print "true color" 3D articles. The printing material is usually resin, polypropylene or ABS.
What materials are used for 3D printers?
Commonly used materials for 3D printing include nylon glass fiber, durable nylon material, gypsum material, aluminum material, titanium alloy, stainless steel, silver plating, gold plating, rubber material, etc.
There are many different technologies for 3D printing. The difference between them is that components are created in different layers in the form of usable materials.
Because of its good hot melt and impact strength, ABS material has become the first choice for melt deposition of 3D printing engineering plastics. At present, ABS is mainly prefabricated into silk and crushed for use, and its application scope covers almost all daily necessities, engineering supplies and some mechanical supplies. PA has high strength and flexibility, and can directly use 3D printing to manufacture equipment parts.
What are the commonly used materials for 3d printing?
There are many kinds of 3d printing materials. For example, the commonly used 3D printing materials of Stratasys Printing Company include nylon 12 carbon fiber, PAL polylactic acid, ABSplus polylactic acid, etc. Take Fortus380mc carbon fiber printer of Stratasys Company as an example. The printer adopts FDM nylon 12 carbon fiber material and ASA material, which gives full play to the advantages of 3d printing nylon material.