Augustine (Augustine, also known as Augustine Hipponansis of Xipo, translated by Catholics as "St. Stephen", "St. Austin" and "St. Augustine", August 430 1 13+28), a Catholic thinker in the Roman Empire, Europe. In the Roman Catholic system, he was named a saint and a saint, and he was the founder of Austrian society. For Protestant churches, especially Calvinism, his theory is the source of salvation and grace thought of religious reform.
Saint augustinus Ding, the youngest son of Santa Monica, was born in North Africa, educated in Rome and baptized in Milan. He is the author of Confessions, On Trinity, City of God, On Free Will, On Beauty and Suitability, etc. Aesthetic thoughts are mainly embodied in his theological works and Confessions.
Before believing in Christ, Augustine loved secular literature and art and had a profound study of ancient Greek and Roman literature. He used to be a teacher of literature and rhetoric. Later, he denounced and misled secular literature and art, and strongly criticized secular literature and art (such as Homer's epic). He reconciled philosophy and theology and demonstrated Christianity with neo-Platonism.
Aurelius Augustine was born in Tagus (present-day Algeria), the province of Numidia in North Africa of the Roman Empire. He joined Christianity from his mother when he was a child, but he became a Manichaean believer when 19 was a rhetoric school. After graduating from rhetoric school, he first taught rhetoric and oratory in Carthage, and then in Rome and Milan. At that time, influenced by Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, he broke away from Manichaeism and was once fascinated by neo-Platonism and skeptical works. His last chance to convert to Christianity was "a miracle in the garden". According to his autobiography Confessions, one day, when he was hesitating about his faith in the garden of his residence, a crisp child's voice rang out in his ear: "Pick it up and read it! Pick it up and look! " He quickly opened the bible at hand, which was exactly what St. Paul taught: "Don't feast and get drunk, don't be lascivious, don't be jealous, always put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and don't make arrangements for your body to indulge your selfish desires." Augustine lived a dissolute life when he was young, and he thought this passage hit the nail on the head. "I suddenly felt that a quiet light hit the center and dispelled the doubts shrouded in haze." On Easter in 387, he was baptized by Ambrose and formally joined Christianity. After that, he returned to his hometown in North Africa. After three years of seclusion, he was elected by Christians as the deacon of Xibe Church in the provincial capital, and was promoted to bishop in 395. During his tenure, he devoted a lot of energy to writing, preaching, organizing religious meetings and refuting heresy. In his later years, he witnessed the Vandals' invasion and died before the fall of Xibe City. After his death, North Africa controlled by Vandals broke away from the Roman Empire and was no longer under the jurisdiction of the Roman Church. However, Augustine's works spread to the west after16th century and became the spiritual wealth of Catholicism and Protestantism.
Augustine is a master of godfather thought. His book is an encyclopedia of theology. Among these voluminous works, Confessions, On Trinity and City of God are representative works, which contain many philosophical expositions.
Engineering overview
Augustine wrote more than 1 13 books and gave more than 500 lectures in his life. His knowledge is vividly visible on paper. And every time he argued with a heresy, his theological genius was exposed and attracted the attention of theological circles. In fact, as early as when he was baptized, he argued against Manichaeism; Later, he argued with several heretical schools prevailing at that time, defended the truth, urged bishops to unite and helped the orthodox school clarify the concepts of original sin and grace.
His works can be divided into five categories: theology, hermeneutics, ethics, philosophy and autobiography. Outstanding figures include Confessions, On Trinity, City of God, On Free Will and On Beauty and Suitability. The former is Auschwitz's autobiography. He witnessed God's wonderful deeds and grace in man with his personal experience, and put forward the concept that man can communicate with God cordially. It is a model of all religious experience works and a masterpiece of the world, which has been passed down to this generation.
On free will (39 1 ~ 395)
Confessions (394 ~ 400) is a confession story written in Autobiography of Prayer, which describes Augustine's inner struggle and transformation experience in his early reply.
Trinity theory (399 ~ 4 12) mainly introduces the trinity theory of psychological model, and compares the unity of God and man, and the three aspects of God and man.
The City of God (4 12 ~ 427) mainly discusses sacred care and human history. Reminding God that the kingdom is spiritual and immortal is irreplaceable by any country in the world. "City of God" was the first church to teach historical philosophy. This book shows that Austin is not only a philosopher, theologian and apologist, but also a moralist, political thinker, writer, drama critic and interpreter of times and history. This book influenced the political development of the whole Middle Ages. The book consists of twenty-two volumes, which took fourteen years (4 12-426) to complete. The first ten volumes make a strong defense for Christianity and refute paganism and Roman patriotism; The last twelve volumes discuss the origin, development and destination of cities on the ground and in the sky. Cities on earth will eventually weaken because they don't love themselves and despise God, while cities of God will prosper and last forever based on God's love.