1. The development of productive forces and the formation of slave countries are the historical basis for the emergence of schools.

Education in primitive society is informal: there are no fixed school buildings and teachers; Although it has its public equality, it has great limitations. Education is attached to the social practice process.

With the accumulation of experience in production struggle, bronze and iron have replaced stone tools as production tools, and agriculture and animal husbandry have replaced gathering, fishing and hunting as the main production undertakings, thus enriching material products, with a large amount of surplus besides human consumption.

Due to the use of iron tools, productivity has been greatly developed, and the emergence of surplus products provides the most important conditions for social division of labor, thus further promoting the development of productivity.

Tribal chiefs used their special position, especially the armed forces in their hands, to take these surplus fruits for themselves, gradually formed classes in society, and produced slave countries, that is, the dominant slave owners' classes, and managed the ruled slave classes with the help of state machines.

In order to suppress their resistance and safeguard the interests of the class and consolidate its economic foundation and social order, we need to have our own various state organs and forces, such as the government, the army, prisons and so on. , which is the superstructure of society. At the same time, we need to demonstrate the rationality of ideology as the economic base and superstructure.

This requires a large number of officials, scribes, monks and soldiers, and these professionals have to undergo special training, which makes a society without oppression and exploitation cease to exist. In order to consolidate political power, rulers must pass on a series of ruling methods to future generations, which is the historical basis for the emergence of ancient schools.

2. The division of labor between body and brain and the appearance of full-time teachers are the objective conditions of school education.

With the influence of social division of labor on productivity, gradually, social division of labor has expanded from the field of pure productive labor to the whole society, and there has been a division of labor between body and brain, which has separated some people from direct productive labor.

Extended data:

The significance of school education:

1. Sociological significance of school education: school education is a part of social behavior and a measure of social development. It is the basic project of social stability, order, coordination and development, and also the leading project. Education is inseparable from social development, and social development is inseparable from the popularization and improvement of education. It is an indicator of political, economic and cultural development.

Changes in social structure and lifestyle, social production mode and relations, and social components will inevitably bring about changes in people's concepts, and then affect changes in school education methods and concepts. Therefore, in a sense, the reform of school education is also a change in some way of society.

2. Anthropological significance of school education: the process of human development is the process of constantly improving people's own abilities. Education plays an extremely important role in human reproduction and optimization. Humans are different from their animals because of their thoughts, morality, culture and education. As an individual, human beings first solve the problem of survival and development, accompanied by material development and spiritual improvement.

Transforming a natural person into a real social person, knowing nature and self, and changing and breaking thinking habits, production methods and lifestyles are the result of the continuous evolution of human beings and a single biological individual in the social sense that is constantly developing in the collision with the same culture. Under the background of anthropology, we can seriously study the educational significance of individuals in school education.

3. The significance of individual life in school education: the first thing that individuals need to solve when they come to this world is human survival, and human survival must include human development. Therefore, learning to survive means learning to live and learn to develop, which leads to the diversification of our school-running methods and goals. Single evaluation and lack of ultimate life care are the educational deficiencies in the sense of individual life.

Education is to make students become executors of their own lives, and teachers can realize their own values and developers at the same time because of the growth and development of students. Therefore, school education is based on such a process: natural person-social person-returning to nature-realizing the meaning of human life.