Generally speaking, today's students are sexually mature when they reach puberty at the age of 13- 16. After entering adolescence, with the development of body shape, the maturity of sexual organs and functions, and the emergence of secondary sexual characteristics, students' psychology has undergone great changes. This change has both positive aspects, such as feeling particularly close to nature, having a new way to appreciate art, requiring close contact with people, friendship and feelings, and being good at fantasy. , and negative aspects, mainly including:
1, the mood is changeable. The high school students who enter adolescence have great psychological changes, the most prominent manifestations of which are emotional uncertainty, excitability, anger, irritability and anxiety, and often inexplicable troubles. They are happy for a while and depressed for a while, just as the nursery rhyme says: the days of June, like the face of a doll, change when you say it. Strong excitement, ups and downs, moodiness.
2. Seriously tired of learning. High school students, especially ordinary high school students, have more difficulty in knowledge, heavier academic burden and lower chances of success. In the case of failing to reach the predetermined goal again and again, students' weariness of learning is becoming more and more serious, and they lose confidence in learning.
3, eager for heterosexual communication. Because of the awakening of self-awareness and the maturity of sexual development, boys and girls entering adolescence have yearning and admiration for the opposite sex, are full of curiosity about the opposite sex, and are eager to approach and communicate with each other. However, due to the constraints of discipline, the persuasion of parents, the intervention of teachers and the immaturity of their own conditions, they could not "fall in love" further, resulting in extreme psychological contradictions and panic. They can't appreciate the opposite sex, so they are depressed and often unable to extricate themselves.
4, the influence of family and their own physiological factors. It is understood that a large part of students' psychological obstacles come from the influence of family. For example, poor families, single-parent families, families of left-behind people, families of migrant workers, children of families with major family changes, and students with physical defects often have a strong sense of inferiority, think that they are inferior to others, can't see the sunshine of life, feel hopeless about the future, and are not good at seeing their own strengths and tapping their potential. Over time, they are introverted, eccentric, taciturn and not good at making friends.
Therefore, teachers must fully understand the psychological characteristics of students, carefully observe the performance and changes of students in daily life, and carry out targeted mental health education for students' psychological problems in order to receive good educational results.
Second, the quality of teachers is the key.
Teachers' own quality directly determines their educational behavior. Only by mastering the scientific knowledge of students' psychological development, carrying out education according to scientific laws and methods, and handling students' psychological behaviors and accidents in daily life can we really implement psychological health education and really promote students' psychological health development.
There is such an example: a very dedicated class teacher, who is serious and responsible in his work and has a strong sense of responsibility, just can't get "sand" in his eyes. There are two students with good grades in the class who are in love and often pass notes. One day, I was caught by the old class, not only reprimanded, but also read the contents of the "love letter" to the whole class. The two felt very embarrassed and embarrassed. Girls take the lead in leaving school, while boys chase after them. They drifted to other places and finally gave up their studies and lived a part-time life. Two young and promising high school students ruined their future. If the head teacher understands the psychology of the 17-and 18-year-old high school students, properly handles this matter and conscientiously does their ideological work, maybe the result will be another way.
It can be seen that teachers, as the main body of education implementation, their own quality plays an important role in carrying out mental health education. Schools should regularly organize teachers, especially class teachers, to carry out training, learn pedagogy and psychology, master the laws of teenagers' psychological characteristics, and use scientific educational methods and means to effectively implement mental health education. Therefore, paying attention to the improvement of teachers' own quality is the key for schools to carry out mental health education.
Third, take students as the core.
The greatest emotion in the world is love. As long as there is love, even the most difficult work can be accomplished. As educators, the object of their work is students, whose personalities vary widely; There are people with sound personality and people with personality defects. Facing outstanding students, our teaching is easy and effective; Faced with those problems, students often grumble, grumble and even feel helpless, lamenting "the helplessness of education". Although education is not everything, we can try our best to transform them with our love.
1, influence students with love and promote their healthy growth. In the process of his growth, students will encounter many puzzles and difficulties. They will be confused about the future, will act rashly on impulse, will be emotionally lonely because of misunderstandings between classmates, will be afraid because of teachers' criticism, and will feel inferior and give up because of family poverty or their own disabilities. At this time, teachers should use love to influence them, care for them, melt the frost in their hearts, open the windows of their hearts, arouse their enterprising spirit, stimulate their curiosity, give them warmth and strength, and they will find their hearts, enhance their self-confidence and grow up quickly and healthily.
2. Patiently educate students and promote their personality development. Bing Xin once said, "The boys in Tao Qi are good, and the girls in Tao Qi are smart." . For those naughty students, we should have enough patience to educate them; We should be friendly and persuasive, analyze the reasons for their mistakes, and then have a heart-to-heart conversation. Don't scold, ridicule and satirize loudly because of a little mistake, but do ideological work patiently and meticulously to convince people, move people with emotion and guide people with action. In this way, students' psychology will be satisfied, their self-ability will be fully affirmed, their potential will be released, their personality will be publicized and their ability will be brought into play.
3. Encourage students to make progress with confidence. Whether students with moral difficulties, learning difficulties or poor students, they often lack self-confidence in their studies and always think that they are inferior to others. This won't work, and that won't work either. In view of this phenomenon, teachers should fully tap their strengths, see their bright spots, and then give encouragement and build a platform for them to give full play to their talents, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and establish beliefs. With the motivation to move forward, they can sail far and wide.
Fourth, daily work is fundamental.
The school is a place to train people, and it is an important guarantee to carry out health education to treat students' mental health work as routine work.
First, establish a complete mental health management system. Mental health education is not the job of some people, but the responsibility of every educator. The first is to establish an ideological management system with the political and educational department-grade group-class teachers and students as the main body. Through students' daily behavior norms, school activities, class teacher's work, teachers' and students' heart-to-heart talks, group help, etc., we can educate students, communicate their hearts, and let students grow up healthily in an equal and pleasant environment. The second is to establish a teaching management system with the academic affairs office-grade group-teachers-students as the main body. Teachers in all subjects impart mental health knowledge to students imperceptibly in the teaching process, so that students can receive mental health education in silence and cultivate positive and healthy psychological quality.
Secondly, establish a professional mental health education team. Schools must have specialized personnel to pay attention to students' mental health work, professional teachers and a group of backbone teachers, especially a group of class teachers, so that they can become excellent mental health educators. At the same time, a psychological consultation room, a psychological mailbox or website, a psychological hotline and a warm "spiritual cabin" are set up to let students find the object and space to release their emotional disorders.
Third, offer mental health education courses. Schools should incorporate mental health education into the curriculum plan, so that there are teaching materials, curriculum standards, teachers, class hours, processes and results, unified management, unified requirements and unified assessment, and measure students' learning situation and teachers' teaching situation through certain quantitative evaluation, so that mental health education can be implemented without empty talk.
Finally, conduct appropriate mental health consultation. Due to the individual differences of students, there are many psychological differences, such as the fragility of girls, the inferiority of poor students, and the abandonment of students with moral difficulties. According to different groups, different psychological counseling should be carried out in different categories. For example, our school carries out psychological counseling with different contents such as adapting to the environment, flying ideals, and peers in the college entrance examination. Provide physical and mental health consultation for adolescent boys and girls; For poor students, students with moral difficulties, students with learning difficulties, disadvantaged students, single-parent children and other different types of students, different contents of mental health education have achieved remarkable results.