Pedagogy is a national first-class discipline and an independent discipline. Pedagogy is a social science that studies human educational phenomena, solves educational problems and reveals general educational laws. Education is a social phenomenon widely existing in human life, and pedagogy is an activity to cultivate social people purposefully. It reveals the general law of education through the study of various educational phenomena and problems.

Pedagogy, which is in its infancy, has not yet formed an independent discipline with philosophy, ethics and political science, but only shows sporadic educational thoughts and viewpoints. Its main features can be summarized as follows.

First, people's cognitive activities on education mainly stay at the level of experience and customs.

Second, most educational works are in the form of papers, lacking scientific theoretical analysis and forming a complete system.

Thirdly, the ways of thinking and discussing pedagogy are mainly mechanical analogy, metaphor and fable.

Aristotle is an encyclopedic philosopher in ancient Greece, and his educational thoughts are mainly reflected in the book Politics. Advocating the pursuit of reason is the pursuit of virtue, which is the highest purpose of education. For the first time in history, the principle of "education follows nature" was put forward. It is advocated that children should be educated in stages according to the law of their psychological development.