Confucius (who died in 5565438-479 BC at the age of 73) was named Zhong Ni. Lu (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong Province) was born. China was a thinker, political theorist, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. One of the most influential figures in the history of world culture, he is regarded as one of the top ten thinkers and cultural celebrities in the world in the United States. His theory had a great influence on China's 4,000-year feudal culture and thought, as well as the world culture and thought. 1988, when Nobel Prize winners from all over the world gathered in Paris, they issued a declaration, saying that "if human beings want to survive in the 2 1 century, they must look back on 2500 years and learn from the wisdom of Confucius."

In the educational system, Confucius broke the tradition of "learning in officials" and created a situation of "teaching without class"; In training talents, it advocates "ruling the country by virtue" and "learning to be excellent is to be an official"; In teaching guidance, "inspiration and guidance" and "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" have been implemented; In terms of learning methods, it advocates "learning while learning", "learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous"; In the attitude towards learning, "words don't mean everything" has become a Confucian tradition initiated by Confucius.

Confucius compiled poems, books and other classics, and it is said that China's first chronicle, Spring and Autumn Annals, was deleted. The Analects of Confucius recorded Confucius' words and deeds and became a Confucian classic.

Second, the Neo-Confucianism educator Zhu

Zhu (1130.10.18-1200.04.23, at the age of 7 1) was born as Zhu Zi, with another name Hui 'an or Ziyang. A native of Wuyuan (now Jiangxi) in Huizhou, he lived in Jianyang (now Fujian). China was a philosopher, educator and the most learned scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. Master of Neo-Confucianism in Southern Song Dynasty. In the history of China's cultural thought, Zhu is another peak after Confucius, and its far-reaching spiritual influence and wide spread are rare in China and even in the world. Zhu is the most successful and active scholar. He narrates and writes, and constructs his own system of Neo-Confucianism. The so-called "narration" is essentially a creative way to explain one's own thoughts and theories by means of annotation and interpretation of Confucian classics.

Zhu is one of the most prolific Confucian scholars in the history of China, among which The Notes on Four Books, Zhu Wen's Official Documents, Zhuzi School, Zhuzi Family Rites and so on have great influence. Contribution to education: It is pointed out that the purpose of education is to "manage tomorrow and eliminate people's desires", and the scope of education includes "learning for children" and "learning for adults", that is, children's education and university education.

Third, the educational thinker Wang Shouren.

Wang Shouren (1472- 1529, died at the age of 58) was born in Boan, with the name Yangming. Yuyao (now Zhejiang) people. China was a philosopher and educator in Ming Dynasty. It puts forward a system of "mind learning" which is different from Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism. Wang Yangming advocated "unreasonable outside the heart" and "nothing outside the heart", and put forward "to conscience" and "unity of knowing and doing". Wang Yangming's contribution to education is: taking "four sentences teaching" as the educational purpose, "governing the world" as the educational goal, "learning is sacred" as the educational principle and method.

Fourthly, Cai Yuanpei, the pioneer of modern education.

Cai Yuanpei (1868.01.1-1940.03.05 died at the age of 83) was born in Heqing, and his name was Ji Min. People from Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Modern democratic revolutionist, educator and scientist in China. As the most famous democratic educator in modern China, he was an outstanding pioneer of modern education reform in China and the initiator of capitalist education system in China in the early 20th century. He devoted himself to breaking the feudal autocratic education, clearly put forward the abolition of the feudal educational purpose of loyalty to the monarch, respect for Confucius, respect for the public, martial arts and pragmatism, clearly cultivated talents for political innovation, advocated military national education and materialism education, centered on moral education and taking world outlook education as the ultimate goal. The democratic education policy with aesthetic education as a bridge, the student-centered education concept, the education concept of respecting nature and developing individuality, the inclusive school-running principle and the "five educations" education concept with the goal of all-round development are the earliest educators in China who put forward the "five educations simultaneously".

Verb (abbreviation of verb) People's educator Tao Xingzhi

Tao Xingzhi (1891.18, a native of Shexian County, Anhui Province-1946.07.25, died in Shanghai at the age of 56) was originally named Tao Wenjun./kloc China people's educator and democratic revolutionist. Tao Xingzhi's educational proposition is "life is education, society is school"; The purpose of education is: for the liberation of the masses, for the liberation of the nation and for the creation of a rich society; The principles of education are: universal education, comprehensive education, democratic education, creative education, life education and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude; The educational methods are: the integration of teaching, learning and emotion, the integration of engineering group and teaching; The quality requirements for teachers are: telling the truth, refuting lies, being studious and seeking truth, creating openness, and cultivating students into "living people of truth, goodness and beauty".

Tao Xingzhi has many works, mainly including Education Reform in China, Letters of Knowing and Doing, Free Talk in Zhaifu, Ring the Bell in Ancient Temple, Poems and Songs of Xingzhi, Essays on Early Childhood Education, Discussion on the Integration of Teaching and Learning, Lessons for All Ages, Universal Education, Continuation of Universal Education and Universal Education.