The enlightenment of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences to education: building a harmonious society requires a view of multiple talents, and the theory of multiple intelligences advocates the harmonious development of students. As an education, we should try our best to create conditions to adapt to the development of students' superior intellectual structure, so that every student can become a talent.
Which do you mean, Suhomlinski's theory of all-round and harmonious development, zankov's general development theory or China's current education policy? All-round development refers to the comprehensive and harmonious development of physical quality, psychological quality and professional quality, that is, good basic quality (physical quality and psychological quality) plus professional quality, rather than being known by all subjects. The transformation of economic growth mode puts forward more comprehensive requirements for school students: combine learning to be a man with learning skills to promote people's all-round development. Fully understanding how to further promote students' all-round development under the new situation has become an inherent requirement for vocational schools to implement Scientific Outlook on Development.
1 multiple intelligence theory
Howard Likoudner, a professor at Harvard University in the United States, put forward the theory of multiple intelligences in the book Structure of Mind-1. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is aimed at the traditional unified intelligence theory. In his view, intelligence is not the intelligence that we used to think existed in an integrated way with language ability and mathematical logic ability as the core, but a group of intelligence that is independent of each other and exists in various ways. The theory is constantly enriched and improved. Gardner believes that everyone's intelligence = intelligence is composed of 10 interrelated but independent abilities, including the following 10: (1) mathematical intelligence (2) spatial intelligence (3) language intelligence (4) natural intelligence (5) music intelligence (6) body movement intelligence (6). Emotional intelligence. According to this theory, every student has his own advantageous intelligence field and intelligence type, while the traditional theory only evaluates students' language and writing ability and mathematical logic ability, so there is no such thing as? Poor students? It is only because of a single evaluation standard that this wrong term appears. This theory advocates the harmonious development of students and fully demonstrates their development potential.
The society's demand for talent types is diversified. People with low IQ are not necessarily stupid. Everyone has his own advantages and disadvantages in different intellectual fields. Only those who know their talents accurately can choose things that are beneficial to them, accept challenges and feel happy. For example, tenor Dai Yuqiang didn't go to college, but he became famous in the cooperation of 200 1 with the three tenors in the world. Therefore, the theory of multiple intelligences reminds us that we can't judge the pros and cons only by exam results.
2 Enlightenment to teachers' teaching work
Feng Zikai, a famous cartoonist, once drew a picture, satirizing that educators always demand students with a single standard, just like gardeners cut holly with scissors, so teachers often cut students uniformly. We should realize that everyone has different intelligence and intelligence structure, that is, his special endowment or nature, and pay attention to respecting students' unique personality. Teachers should understand both teaching theory and teaching methods.
(1) Understand and evaluate each student correctly.
Talent is a smart person. Everyone has the potential to become a talent, and the task of teachers is to tap the potential of students. With proper education and study, everyone can become a talent in a certain field. Any student, even the most stupid student in study and the most naughty student in life, is not necessarily a beginner in this study, but not necessarily poor in other aspects. We should educate students to give full play to their specialties from different angles. When evaluating students, we should change the single evaluation method, so that students' intelligence in other aspects can be properly reflected. Teachers should be objective and comprehensive in evaluating students, have positive and eager expectations for each student, be willing to evaluate, observe and accept students from multiple angles, pay attention to discovering and discovering the bright spots in students, discover and develop students' potential, and pay attention to the differences and imbalances of students' individual development. The content of evaluation should be diversified, emphasizing the constructive role of evaluation in students' individual development and giving students a satisfactory evaluation. (2) Teaching should pay attention to students' intelligence.
There are differences in the intellectual development of students. Teachers should change the original fixed teaching mode, adopt various effective ways and actively explore new methods to promote the development of students' multi-faceted intelligence. The teaching forms should be colorful, and colorful educational practice activities should be held during the extended teaching period, so that students can fully display their specialties in practice, enhance their self-confidence in learning and make continuous progress.
On the basis of paying attention to the all-round development of students' intelligent structure, we should pay more attention to the development of different personalities. All-round development Personality development? Organic integration. We should fully respect any kind of intelligence and try our best to provide conditions and opportunities for development and growth according to each student's different intelligence structure. Teaching is to create conditions as much as possible to adapt to the development of students' superior intelligent structure, so that every student can become a talent.
3 Enlightenment to school teaching work
(1) build? Get back together? Teaching staff is the key. We should take the lead in constantly optimizing teachers' own intellectual structure, making it a model for students to optimize their intellectual structure. Teachers in education should not only pay attention to the optimization of individual intelligence structure, but also strengthen the optimization of the overall structure of teachers, so that teachers with various intelligence forces can form an optimal team, such as establishing theoretical, skilled and dual-qualified teams, which can promote each other and complement each other to give full play to the greatest educational effect.
(2) Carry out teaching work according to the characteristics of the industry.
The basic direction of educational development and reform should be closely integrated with economic and social development, and students' ability to solve practical problems should be cultivated vigorously. At present, a large number of students have achieved excellent results in various subject competitions, but their practical ability lags behind others. It is necessary to strengthen experimental training teaching, carry out various types of activities and extracurricular scientific and technological activities, and guide students to find contradictions that need to be solved in practice and get various exercises at the same time. Among them, we should pay attention to cultivating students' independent innovation ability of finding, analyzing and solving problems independently, and change being good at innovation into being good at innovation. On the premise of completing normal teaching tasks, some students with strong theoretical learning ability can learn from foreign successful experiences to guide them to carry out academic research and research-based learning?
(3) Rearrange the teaching content to make the teaching materials moderately difficult.
In recent years, the difference of school students requires that the selection of teaching materials should not be too difficult. When choosing the course content, each school should adapt to local conditions, conform to the times, and reflect the characteristics of both its own school and its own industry. At the same time, we should respect the uniqueness and concreteness of each student and promote the development of each student's multiple intelligences. Within the scope permitted by the teaching plan, theoretical teaching should appropriately delete the contents that are difficult and divorced from students' reality, so as to be based on the outline, face the whole people, highlight the middle and take care of backwardness; For practical teaching, modular teaching can be used, which is divided into basic skill modules and professional skill modules, so that students with poor foundation can master the modules that must be learned well, and students with good foundation can add other modules related to their majors and broaden the scope of their majors. This not only ensures the study of this major, but also creates conditions for the study of one specialty and many abilities.
The key to social harmony is the cooperation of people. Only when people with their own strengths complement each other can they have the desire and possibility of cooperation. Building a harmonious society requires a diversified view of talents. Through continuous exploration, our education will certainly contribute to the harmonious development of society.
The integration of multiple intelligences theory and English teaching. The Cut-in of Multiple Intelligences Theory in English Teaching
Integrating the concept of multiple intelligences into English curriculum and developing the curriculum model and teaching plan of multiple intelligences are the best breakthrough points of the theory of multiple intelligences in English teaching practice. For example, (1) design a multi-course list (Campbell et al., 200 1). Take a certain intelligence as the theme unit, and design activities related to that intelligence. Are you online? List of interpersonal subjects? Can you design? Organize or attend English parties, have English conversations with classmates, exchange checks with peers or correct English compositions? And other activities. In the process of implementation, students are allowed to choose their favorite subject list and adopt their own good learning methods; Encourage students to show their talents and knowledge in various ways. (2) Arrange a multi-course schedule. Put the goal of intelligence in English courses or unit teaching, and organically combine the cultivation of various abilities with classroom teaching. Teachers should make clear what the most valuable knowledge students should master and what aspects of intelligence they should cultivate, and explore appropriate teaching methods. The teaching plan designed by the teacher should include the name of the course or unit, the goal of the course or unit, the expected teaching effect, teaching resources or auxiliary materials, learning activities, teaching steps and evaluation methods.
There are four stages in foreign language teaching under the guidance of the concept of multiple intelligences: ability perception-activating various intelligences through various sensory experiences such as touch, smell, taste and vision, and perceiving and understanding various characteristics of things around the world; Ability communication-experience emotions, adjust and strengthen cognitive activities by contacting others, things or specific situations; Teaching ability-teaching learning methods and strategies in teaching, linking intellectual development with teaching priorities, helping students understand their intellectual level and develop their potential; Comprehensive application ability-through evaluation, students can use a variety of intelligence comprehensively, so that every student can learn confidently and make a difference.
2. Integration of Multiple Intelligences Theory and English Teaching
(1) Training cognitive strategies and developing language intelligence
Language intelligence refers to the ability to effectively listen, speak, read and write, that is, the ability to communicate, discuss, explain, explain, create knowledge, construct meaning and reflect on the language itself. The development of language skills has a great influence on students' success in any subject. In teaching, teachers should train students to listen effectively, judge the content in the process of listening, grasp the central theme and summarize the key points after listening; Train students to take notes and focus with as few words as possible, and actively sketch psychological schema; The strategy of cultivating students' resources is to encourage students to dabble in resources other than textbooks (such as dictionaries, English newspapers and periodicals, library resources, network information, etc.). ), so that they can reach the corresponding resource capacity at different stages. By training students' cognitive ability, they can develop their language intelligence.
(2) Guide reading training and promote logic, mathematics and physical intelligence.
Logical mathematics ability covers three fields: mathematics, science and logic. Mainly refers to mathematics and thinking ability, including reasoning and operation ability. Foreign languages belong to liberal arts and seem to have nothing to do with logic, mathematics and physics. In fact, foreign languages also have some mathematical concepts, such as permutation, combination, coding, symmetry and so on. Mastering these concepts can promote foreign language acquisition.
Reading is the main way of language input. In reading training, adopting different questioning strategies and asking open questions can help students predict and change logical results, which can enhance students' logical thinking ability and make logical mathematics intelligence play a greater role in thinking and learning. For example, guide students to guess unfamiliar language phenomena according to text clues (such as explanatory clues, synonyms/synonyms clues, antonyms clues and contextual clues, etc.). ), clarify the basic structure of the sentence, and understand the meaning; Infer the development of the story according to the information known in the text; According to the literal meaning, the logical relationship of the text and the hints of details, the author's attitude is scrutinized and the moral of the article is deeply understood; According to what you read, use words to express the theme in logical order. These reading exercises are challenging and can exercise students' mathematical logic ability.
The significance of multiple intelligences theory to teaching reform. The theory of multiple intelligences is helpful to form a correct view of intelligence.
A truly effective education must recognize the universality and diversity of intelligence, and make it equally important to cultivate and develop students' abilities in all aspects.
2. The theory of multiple intelligences helps to change our teaching concept.
China's traditional teaching is basically based on? The teacher speaks and the students listen? Give priority to form, supplemented by boredom? Crowd tactics? , while ignoring the differences in cognitive activities and ways between different disciplines or abilities. According to the theory of multiple intelligences, everyone has eight kinds of relatively independent intelligences to varying degrees, and each intelligence has its own unique cognitive development process and symbol system. Therefore, the teaching methods and means should be flexible and diverse according to the teaching objects and teaching contents, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude.
3. The theory of multiple intelligences is helpful to form a correct evaluation view.
The theory of multiple intelligences severely criticizes the traditional standardized intelligence test and student achievement test. Traditional intelligence tests overemphasize language and mathematical logic ability, only use paper and pencil tests, overemphasize rote knowledge, and lack objective assessment of students' understanding ability, practical ability, application ability and creativity. So it is one-sided and limited. According to the theory of multiple intelligences, human intelligence is not a single ability, but a variety of abilities. Therefore, the evaluation indicators and methods of schools should also be diversified, liberating school education from paper-and-pencil examinations and paying attention to the cultivation of different talents of different people.
4. The theory of multiple intelligences helps to change our view of students.
According to the theory of multiple intelligences, everyone has his own unique governance structure and learning methods, so it is unreasonable to use the same teaching materials and teaching methods for every student. The theory of multiple intelligences provides teachers with a positive and optimistic view of students, that is, every student has bright spots and advantages. Teachers should understand students' specialties from various aspects and adopt effective methods suitable for their characteristics to give full play to their specialties.
5. The theory of multiple intelligences is helpful to form a correct concept of development.
According to Gardner's point of view, the purpose of school education should be to develop multiple intelligences and help students find careers and hobbies suitable for their intellectual characteristics. Students should be allowed to find their own strengths in at least one aspect while receiving school education, and students will eagerly pursue their inner interests.